Lab Values Pearson Nursing Concepts Appendix B (15) PDF

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Important Normal Lab’s- Nursing Concepts Text: Appendix B: Diagnostic Values and Laboratory Tests Complete Blood Count Hematocrit- Adult: Male: 40–54%, 0.40–0.54 (SI units). Female: 36–46%, 0.36–0.46 (SI units). Panic Value: Less than 15% and greater than 60%. Child: Newborn: 44–65%. 1–3 Years Old: 29–40%. 4–10 Years Old: 31–43%. Hemoglobin- Adult: Male: 13.5–18 g/dL; 8.4–11.2 mmol/L (SI units). Female: 12–15 g/dL; 7.45–9.31 mmol/L (SI units). Child: Newborn: 14–24 g/dL. Infant: 10–17 g/dL. Child: 11–16 g/dL. Leukocyte count 4500–10,000/mm3 or 4.5–10.0×109/L Erythrocyte count (Red Blood Cells) Male: 4.6 – 6.0 x 10 12/L , Female: 4.0 - 5.0 x 10 12/L Newborn: 4.8 – 7.2 x 1012/L, Child: 3.8-5.5 x 1012/L Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: Adult: Westergren Method: Male (Less Than 50 Years): 0–15 mm/h. Female (Less Than 50 Years): 0–20 mm/h. Male (Greater Than 50 Years): 0–20 mm/h. Female (Greater Than 50 Years): 0–30 mm/h. Wintrobe Method: Male: 0–9 mm/h. Female: 0–15 mm/h. Child: Newborn: 0–2 mm/h. Child (4–14 Years): 0–10 mm/h. CBC Differential: Leukocyte count Total: 4,500–10,000/mL

4.5–10 x 109 /L

Child: Newborn: 9000–30,000 μL; 2 Years: 6000–17,000 μL; 10 Years: 4500–13,500 μL. Neutrophils -50-70% or 2500–7000 μL (mm3) Eosinophils 1%–3% or 100–300 μL (mm3) Basophils 0.4%–1% or 40–100 μL (mm3) Lymphocytes 25%–35% or 1700–3500 μL (mm3) Monocytes 6%–6% or 200–600 μL (mm3) Platelet count Adult: 150,000–400,000 μL (mean: 250,000 μL), 0.15–0.4 × 1012/L (SI units). Child: Premature: 100,000–300,000 μL. Newborn: 150,000–300,000 μL. Infant: 200,000– 475,000 μL.

Coagulation Screening Tests Bleeding time Adult: Ivy Method: 1–9 minutes. Panic Level: >15 minutes. Duke Method: 1–3 minutes. SI units for the Ivy and Duke methods are the same. (Duke method is seldom performed.) Prothrombin time (PT) Adult: 10–13 seconds (depending on the method and reagents used) or 70–100%. For Anticoagulant Therapy: 1.5–2.0 times the control in seconds or 20–30%. INR (international normalized ratio): 2.0–3.0. Partial Prothrombin Time (PTT): Adult: Results vary in accordance with equipment and laboratory values. PTT: 60–70 seconds. Activated Partial Prothrombin Time (aPTT): aPTT: 20–35 seconds. Child: Increased above adult level. Anticoagulant Therapy: 1.5–2.5 times the control in seconds. Blood Glucose: Glucose Fasting: Adult: Serum and Plasma: 70–110 mg/dL; 3.9–6.1 mmol/L (SI units). Whole Blood: 60–100 mg/dL; 3.3–5.5 mmol/L (SI units). Prediabetes: 100–125 mg/dL. Panic Value: Less than 40 mg/dL; less than 2.2 mmol/L (SI units). Greater than 700 mg/dL; greater than 38.5 mmol/L (SI units). Gestational Diabetes: Greater than 140 mg/dL; greater than 7.9 mmol/L (SI units). Newborn: 30–80 mg/dL; 1.7–4.4 mmol/L (SI units). Child: 60–100 mg/dL; 3.3–5.5 mmol/L (SI units). Older Adult: Serum: 70–120 mg/dL; 3.9—6.7 mmol/L (SI units). Renal function: Creatinine Adult: 0.5–1.5 mg/dL, 45–132.3 μmol/L (SI units). Women may have slightly lower values because of their lesser muscle mass. Child: Newborn: 0.8–1.4 mg/dL. Infant: 0.7–1.7 mg/dL. Child (2–6 Years): 0.3–0.6 mg/dL, 27– 54 μmol/L (SI units). Older Child: 0.4–1.2 mg/dL, 36–106 μmol/L (SI units). Values increase slightly with age relative to muscle mass. Older Adult: May have decreased values relative to decreased muscle mass and decreased creatinine production. Creatinine clearance (Glomerular Filtrate Rate GFR) Adult: 85–135 mL/min. Women may have somewhat lower values.

Child: Similar to adult. Newborn: 40–60 mL/min. Older Adult: Slightly decreased values than adult due to decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) caused by reduced renal plasma flow. Urine Creatinine: 1–2 g/24 h. Blood Urea nitrogen (BUN) Adult: 5–25 mg/dL. Child: Newborn: 3–12 mg/dL. Infant: 5–15 mg/dL. Child: 5–20 mg/dL. Older Adult: Could be slightly higher than adult. Arterial Blood Gas: Adult: pH: 7.35–7.45; PaCO2: 35–45 mmHg; PaO2: 75–100 mmHg; SaO2: Greater than 95%; SvO2: Greater than 70%; HCO3: 24–28 mEq/L; base excesses (BE): +2 to –2 mEq/L. Child: pH: 7.36–7.44. Other measurements are same as adult. Electrolytes: Sodium (Na+) = 135-145 mEq/L Panic Value: Less than 115 mEq/L. Infant- 134-150 Potassium (K+) = Adult: 3.5–5.3 mEq/L; 3.5–5.3 mmol/L (SI units). Panic Values: Less than 2.5 mEq/L and greater than 7.0 mEq/L. Child: Newborn: 3.8–5.8 mEq/L. Infant: 3.5–5.5 mEq/L. Child: 3.5–4.8 mEq/L. Chloride (Cl-) = Adult: 95–105 mEq/L, 95–105 mmol/L (SI units). Child: Newborn: 94–112 mEq/L. Infant: 95–110 mEq/L. Child: 98–105 mEq/L. Calcium (Ca) = Adult: Total Ca: 4.5–5.5 mEq/L, 9–11 mg/dL, 2.3–2.8 mmol/L (SI units). Ionized Ca: 4.25–5.25 mg/dL, 2.2–2.5 mEq/L, 1.1–1.24 mmol/L. Child: Newborn: 3.7–7.0 mEq/L, 7.4–14.0 mg/dL. Infant: 5.0–6.0 mEq/L, 10–12 mg/dL. Child: 4.5–5.8 mEq/L, 9–11.5 mg/dL.

Magnesium (Mg) = Adult: 1.5–2.5 mEq/L, 1.8–3.0 mg/dL. Child: Newborn: 1.4–2.9 mEq/L. Child: 1.6–2.6 mEq/L. Phosphate = Adult: 1.7–2.6 mEq/L or 2.5–4.5 mg/dL; 0.78–1.52 mmol/L (SI units). Child: Newborn: 3.5–8.6 mg/dL. Infant: 4.5–6.7 mg/dL. Child: 4.5–5.5 mg/dL. Proteins: Protein- total Adult: 6.0–8.0 g/dL. Child: Premature: 4.2–7.6 g/dL. Newborn: 4.6–7.4 g/dL. Infant: 6.0–6.7 g/dL. Child: 6.2–8.0 g/dL. Albumin Adult: 3.5–5.0 g/dL; 52–68% of total protein. Child: Newborn: 2.9–5.4 g/dL. Infant: 4.4–5.4 g/dL. Child: 4.0–5.8 g/dL. Liver function: Ammonia- Adult: 15–45 mcg/dL, 11–35 μmol/L (SI units). Child: Newborn: 64–107 mcg/dL. Child: 29–70 mcg/dL; 29–70 μmol/L (SI units). ALT (alanine aminotransferase, formerly SGPT)- Adult: 10–35 unit/L; 4–36 unit/L at 37°C (SI units). Male: Levels may be slightly higher. Child: Infant: Could be twice as high as adult. Child: Similar to adult. Older Adult: Slightly higher than adult. AST (aspartate aminotransferase, formerly SGOT) Adult: Average range: 8–35 unit/L, 5–40 unit/mL (Frankel), 4–36 international unit/L, 15–50 unit/mL at 30°C (Karmen), 8–33 unit/L at 37°C (SI units). Female values may be slightly lower than those of males. Exercise tends to increase values (values can vary among institutions). Child: Newborn: 4 times the normal level. Child: Similar to adults. Older Adult: Slightly higher than adults.

Lipids Adult: Total: 400–800 mg/dL, 4–8 g/L (SI units). Cholesterol: 150–240 mg/dL (see test on cholesterol). Triglycerides: 10–190 mg/dL (see test on triglycerides). Phospholipids: 150–380 mg/dL. LDL: 60–160 mg/dL. Risk for CHD: High: Greater than 160 mg/dL. Moderate: 130–159 mg/dL. Low: Less than 130 mg/dL. Desirable: 100 mg/dL. HDL: 29–77 mg/dL. Risk for CHD: High: Less than 35 mg/dL. Moderate: 35–45 mg/dL. Low: 46–59 mg/dL. Very low: Greater than 60 mg/dL. Child Cholesterol: Child: Infant: 90–130 mg/dL. Child (2–19 Years): Desirable Level: 130–170 mg/dL. Moderate Risk: 171–184 mg/dL. High Risk: Greater than 185 mg/dL....