Lecture 1 BIOL-10002 PDF

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Biomolecules & Cells BIOL10002  Lectures 1-9 Cell Biology Geoff McFadden, Rm 211 Botany  

[email protected]  8344 4272

Textbook Required for both: BIOL10002 & BIOL10003 Sadava D, Life: the science of biology, 10th edition Available from CoOp bookshop.  

Need this book before first Prac

Biology Workbook $26.50 includes: Notes for 1. Practicals,  2. Independent Learning Tasks  (ILTS)  3. & Tutorial questions PLUS $8 for slide package includes: 1. Microscope slides 2. Coverslips 3. Marker Pen

NOTE: We supply dissection Instruments No need to buy kit

• Pre lecture reading - read it before the lecture • Glossary Words - be familiar with them before the lecture • Make notes on the diagrams • Review notes, summaries & textbook after every lecture • DON’T write everything down - listen

Pre-lecture reading Sadaver 10th Edition Lecture 1 - Chapter 1 & pp 525-542 Lecture 2 - pp 78-83 Lecture 3 - pp 84-102 Lecture 4 - pp 56-59 & Ch 6 Lecture 5 - pp 42-51 & Chapter 8 Lecture 6 - pp 149-151 & Ch 9 Lecture 7 - pp 101-102 & 550-552 Lecture 8 - Ch 11 Lecture 9 - pp 51-55, pp 264-268 & pp 62-66

Pre-lecture reading Sadaver 9th Edition Lecture 1 - Chapter 1 & pp 536-542 Lecture 2 - pp 76-83 Lecture 3 - pp 84-99 Lecture 4 - pp 54-57 & Ch 6 Lecture 5 - pp 42-49 & pp 156-165 Lecture 6 - pp 153-155 & Ch 9 Lecture 7 - pp 101-103 & 564-566 Lecture 8 - Ch 11 Lecture 9 - pp 49-53, pp 266-275 & pp 61-64

Pre-lecture reading Sadaver 8th Edition Lecture 1 - Chapter 1 & pp 68-72 & 561-7 Lecture 2 - pp 72-79 Lecture 3 - pp 79-89 Lecture 4 - pp 54-56 & Ch 5 Lecture 5 - pp 42-48 & Ch 6 Lecture 6 - Ch 7 Lecture 7 - 588-590 Lecture 8 - Ch 9, pp 49-53, pp 57-60

Pre-lecture reading Purves 7th Edition Lecture 1 - Chapter 1 & pp 61-64, 460-463 Lecture 2 - pp 61-72 Lecture 3 - pp 72-75, 79-86 Lecture 4 - pp 50-53 & Ch 5 Lecture 5 - pp 38-45 & Ch 6 Lecture 6 - Ch 7 Lecture 7 - Ch 9 Lecture 8 - pp 75-78 Lecture 9 - pp 45-50 & 54-57

Pre-lecture reading Purves 6th Edition Lecture 1 -Ch 1 & pp 55-57 Lecture 2 - pp 58-64 Lecture 3 - pp pp 64-67,72-78 Lecture 4 - pp pp 49-54 & Chapter 5 Lecture 5 - pp 34-42 and Chaper 6 Lecture 6 - Ch 7 Lecture 7 - Ch 9 Lecture 8 - pp 67-70 Lecture 9 - pp 43-46, 47-49, 218-221

Pre-lecture reading Purves 5th Edition • • • • • • • • •

Lecture 1 - Ch 1 & pp 64-66 Lecture 2 - pp 64-76 Lecture 3 - pp 80-85 Lecture 4 - pp 41-46 & Ch 5 Lecture 5 - pp 51-58 & Ch 6 Lecture 6 - Ch 7 Lecture 7 - Ch 9 Lecture 8 - pp 77-80 Lecture 9 - pp 47, 51-63, 260-264

Glossary words

Fossil, ontogeny, phylogeny, ultrastructure, DNA, protein, homology, paralogy, cell, Domain Archaea, Domain bacteria, Domain Eukarya, bacteria, prokaryotic, peptidoglycan, circular chromosome, nucleoid, ribosome, flagella,

Lecture 1 - Introduction to Biology 1. Why study biomedical biology? 2. Three foundations of biology. 2.1 Evolution through natural selection. 2.2 Unity of biochemical processes. 2.3 Cell theory. 3. Prokaryotes

Lecture 1 - Introduction to Biology 1. Why study biomedical biology?

To get into medicine!

Human genome 2002

Cloning animals, plants, humans - stem cells

Is there life on mars?

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s)

Who owns genes? Does a group of people own their unique genes?

H1N1 flu Should Indonesia get a royalty from the vaccine?

Bioweapons

1st FOUNDATION OF BIOLOGY

EVOLUTION THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION - Charles Darwin

1st FOUNDATION OF BIOLOGY

EVOLUTION THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION

• all life evolved from preexisting life • homology • fossils

Fossil record is strong evidence for evolution- Observe increasing complexity with passage of time

Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny, which literally means - Development is a fast action replay of ancestry.

Haeckel 1874

Webbing between fingers degenerates by programmed cell death to free digits

Homology - derived from a common ancestral feature

Biogeography also supports evolution - Unique Australian flora & fauna due to protracted evolution on isolated continent

Darwin’s three observations •

Individuals in a population vary → fitness

•

Pass on traits (fitness) to offspring → heredity

•

Never enough resources → competition for survival & reproduction

EVOLUTION IS A TWO STEP PROCESS

1. VARIABILITY 2. Ordering that variability by NATURAL SELECTION

2nd FOUNDATION OF BIOLOGY

UNITY OF BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES • all organisms share main biochemical reactions.

Example of the unity of biochemical reactions 1. All organisms have genetic material, the DNA, that contains the instructions on how that organism will develop. 2. Organisms also have hardware to carry out the instructions - the proteins.

Francis Crick  (co-discoverer of DNA structure)

3rd FOUNDATION OF BIOLOGY Cell theory (Schleiden & Schwann)

MJ Schleiden

• • • •

T. Schwann

All known living things are made up of one or more cells. All living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division. The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms. Cells contain hereditary information (DNA) which is passed from cell to cell during cell division.

Schleiden is my academic great, great, great, great grandfather Schleiden Radlkofer Fritsch Proskauer

McBride

McFadden

Wetherbee

3rd FOUNDATION OF BIOLOGY Robert Hooke - invented first microscopes. Observed cells in cork but did not recognise them as cells

Pauling & Zuckerkandl recognised Evolution is the fixation of that DNA by contains the history of mutations natural selection evolution

Human & gorilla DNA >99% identical

Studying the evolution (relatedness) of all life • All organisms have genes (DNA) • DNA contains a history of evolution • Compare genes to define relationships

Study of cell morphology gave a paradigm where we recognised to main types of cells Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes (no nucleus)

(with nucleus)

THE MAJOR GROUPS OF ORGANISMS

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