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OLE2129 – LECTURE NOTES WEEK 1 - INTRODUCTION

General Overview 

A Wikipedia page is in a constant state of change as different people make contributions  share in sum of all knowledge

Wikipedia’s Core Policies and Guidelines 

Online encyclopedia, neutral point of view, free content, interact in a respectful and civil manner

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Neutral point of view  comprise of verifiable facts, credible sources, multiple views on a topic

Verifiability, notability, no original research, no copyright or plagiarism violations

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Notability  needs to be significant coverage on the topic to report on, write informatively, summarise what other published authors have written

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Sources must be independent of the topic  shouldn’t be the designer, owner, developer, producer or seller of the subject of the article

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Need to complete 10 edits then wait 4 days

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Review Module 1 when formatting, citing and posting the article  Wikipedia essentials and editing basics

Assessments 

Goals  formative, summative or a combination of both

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Self-review  250 words in which you will review and report on the essential tasks that were due in the first two weeks of the semester

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Proposal and bibliography  1000 words due at the end of Week 3, thought critically about your topic and your sources. Justify your topic choice and evaluate the sources you will use based on their claims’ credibility and verifiability. In annotations, you will explain how you will use each source in your article

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Peer-review  250 words end of week 5, reviewing an article and evaluate it against the same criteria that will apply to the draft

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Draft  2000 words end of week 7, present some of your article in a polished state to add to your chosen stub, cannot include anything that already exists on the stub, no copyright or plagiarism

Module 1 

Wiki user name  User:StevenJemima1

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Talk page  where discussions take place about pages, discussion if an editor wants to get a message about something you’ve done that is problematic

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Sources to use  university library and google scholar

WEEK 2 – ENCYCLOPAEDIC WRITING AND RESEARCH

Lecture 

Cliché  expression, idea or element of an artistic work that has become overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect, even to the point of being trite or irritating, especially when at some earlier time it was considered meaningful or novel. o Subjective weight, doesn’t belong in encyclopaedic writing

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Not living in unprecedented times, it is precedented as there was a pandemic 100 years ago

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Studied archaeology  Dante, poet, studied his alter ego throughout his life

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Dante  who did what, who should be damned, work off their debt and get into heaven  enclycopeadic account, written by people with knowledge o Followed a tradition of storytelling to unpack information  can be enveloped, collected large amounts of information o Enigmas throughout that were needed to unravel and find truth o Didactic way of work, need to search, interrogate reshape and reproduce it similar to this model

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11th hour book  illustrations, there were clues to following a mystery

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Expository writing  purely informative, instructive, isn’t argumentative, used in this course

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Invention of the writing press, enclyopedia’s were broadly able to be printed and accessible to a larger audience

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15th January 2001  start of Wikipedia, wanted to be radical, every human even free access to edit articles and go live on the internet, content to be distributed all over the world o Jimmy wales commitment to Wikipedia to spread information around the world o Liam white  Wikipedia being the future, gradias (no fee) and freedom in terms of accessibility o Precedent  pal-obsessed, a malgum of information that builds up overtime, Wikipedia does the same thing, people can tell us about knowledge more oftenly

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Revisions of Wikipedia can be reviewed and changed seen in the history of the article, see how thinking has changed, social norms and culture has adapted overtime

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Wikipedia is crowd sourced  don’t do medical or psychology as it is approved by academics

Evaluating and Using Source 

Sources contribute to making a good article according to Wikipedia Good Article Criteria

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Stub article to be reprocessed as a start class, c-class or b-class depending on how good it is

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A stub is an article that, although providing some useful information, lacks the breadth of coverage expected from an encyclopedia, and that is capable of expansion. Non-article pages, such as disambiguation pages, lists, categories, templates, talk pages, and redirects, are not regarded as stubs.

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Improving a stub article o Contain enough information to expand upon it o Provide adequate context o Begin by defining or describing your topic o Write clearly and informatively o State what a person is famous for, where a place is located and what it is known for or the basic details of an event and when it happened o Expand upon the basic definition  link relevant words so that users unfamiliar with the subject can understand what you have written, consider

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how the words may require further definition for a casual reader to understand the article 

Quality of your research  considering the purpose or exigence (the specific need), evaluating the credibility of the source you propose to use

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Credibility  scholarly articles with qualifications represents truthfulness o Currency, relevance, authority, accurarcy and purpose o Biased  acknowledge multiple sides, think of its purpose, publisher organisation and tone of writing, need to see if the information is

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Information on Wikipedia must: o Come from independent sources, that is, those not directly related to the subject o Sources known for fact-checking and neutrality, such as academic presses, peer-reviewed journals or international newspapers o Reliable publishers and represent a general consensus including the minority points o Government websites and documents o Encyclopaedia’s but don’t cite on Wikipedia o Use newspaper articles or magazines not overly opininated but factual o Websites that are factual  Australian bureau of statistics

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Source is defined as the piece of work itself, creator and publisher  all can affect reliability

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Three types of sources  primary, secondary and teritary

WEEK 3 - COPYRIGHT

Research integrity, copyright and plagiarism 

Once an artist’s idea has been written down or created there is automatic protection

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Multimedia and hypermedia  copyright and plagirsim o Gratis (latin) – free from monetary cost, Wikipedia a free website o Libre (latin) – freedom liberty, no biases

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Wikipedia is a free culture

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Illusion can be incorporated into text, adapting of the author in your writing

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Distinction between plagiarism and illusion  form of referencing the original author, depending on the audience recognising the original piece to have an impact and not reproducing exactly

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Open knowledge  all content shared on open licences  every has access to information but must be acknowledged of the original creative work o Need to identify the creator o Knowledge freely used by everyone

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Unattributed plagiarism  copied and pasted, need the footnote and changing of the words

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Close paraphrasing  rewriting but basic structure is still there instead put it into your own words from scratch or quote the direct article but still reference it

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Remove plagiarism completely by deleting it off or completely rewording it o Change its structure and wording

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To avoid plagiarism:

 Find a few different sources, and take notes in your own writing. Write notes like you were explaining the idea to a friend, rather than just transcribing the source.

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 Don't write your article with your original sources open in front of you. Take careful notes, then reference your notes as you write your article. When you're done, re-read the article. This time, make frequent references to your original sources to verify that they're not too similar.  Start by taking notes of key concepts, not phrases, from your sources, noting where each came from. 

Better to re-write then quote  ask yourself “what is my argument for quoting this directly, instead of paraphrasing it?”

 Draw from sources to understand concepts, facts, and figures. Explain the information in your own words, and provide clear references to where the information came from. 

Fair dealing  all material to be used for certain purposes, students can use photographs or speech as part of news report

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Tips for writing the draft:

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Material in the sandbox is still subject to Wikipedia’s policies, so do not copy and paste information from your sources into your sandbox

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Start by taking notes of key concepts, not phrases, from your sources, noting where each came from

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Write the draft from your own notes rather than from the original source, so you are not unconsciously mimicking the original author’s structure or diction

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The more sources you use, the better you’ll understand the topic, which can help you paraphrase and summarise it in your own words

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Facts  verifiability helps sort facts from opinion  to back up your information

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Summary, paraphrase and direct quotation

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Paraphrase  information from a variety of good sources, understand the information and write using your own words o Read a few times, write down key concepts then write without looking at the original source o Start first sentence from a different point

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o Use synonyms o Change the sentence structure o Break up long sentences or combine shorter sentences 

Summary  actively read then summarise its main points o Highlight main points o Adding comments and questions o Outlining headings and topic sentences o Source abstracts and key terms o High level overview  don’t focus on each individual point but the key ones leave out details o Relate to your purpose

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Direct quotations  give credit to the author and gives you credibility and validates your information o 40 words or longer needs to be introduced as a block quote  indented and colon o Include brackets within a direct quotation then change the words o Introduce the source you are using before entering the quote and sometimes the title of the article (needs quotation marks and in italics) o Quote for factual information  paraphrasing o Condense and summarise long block quotes to make it more relevant to your topic o Too many direct quotes can result in your knowledge not being sophisticated

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Adding citations into Microsoft word:  3.4 o References box in word o Insert citation after it came from in the references box o Blank page and hit bibliography and all the documents are citated and APA style with all the references

WEEK 4 – ALLUSION, INTERTEXTUALITY, HYPERTEXT AND HYPERLINKS

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Lecture 

Improve writing through hyperlinks

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Adds to complexity by alluding to events to enrich the meaning of their new creation

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Makes the audience draw connections to the original

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Click watchlist to monitor article changes, conversations and collaborations  and can view history on the page and lists the edit summaries for what has changed

Feature Articles 

Used by editors as examples for writing other articles

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Candidates for accuracy, neutrality, completeness and style

WEEK 5 – LEAD SECTIONS

Lecture 

Readers are using an encyclopaedia in order to find: o A quick, clear explanation of what a topic is (might need to only need to read the first sentence) o A concise but comprehensive overview of the topic (in which case they will read the whole lead) o A specific detail about a topic (they will hunt for that detail, using all the cues in its format, including the article’s contents box and references)

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Lead paragraph are written in summary style  link back to the parent article too o Include phrases that will follow as your subheadings o Page statistics state if it is a feature article o Once you add sections to your article, you will need to improve the lead further

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Fact-based  description of the information you can find about a topic based on good sources

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Formal tone and simple language  easy to understand No large block quotes  paraphrase wherever it is possible Hyperlinking: o Relevance  useful to link in the context o Specificity  link lead to the most focuses appropriate target o Uniqueness  linked topic is reachable through another link o Link target clear and obvious to the reader Improving existing articles: improve existing citations by adding missing information, such as by replacing bare URLs with full bibliographic citations: an improvement because it aids verifiability; (Links to an external site.) replace some or all general references with inline citations: an improvement because it provides more verifiable information to the reader, and helps maintain text–source integrity; impose one style on an article with inconsistent citation styles (e.g., some of the citations in footnotes and others as parenthetical references): an improvement because it makes the citations easier to understand and edit; fix errors in citation coding, including incorrectly used template parameters, and markup problems: an improvement because it helps the citations to be parsed correctly; combine duplicate citations Adding references to an existing Wikipedia page o  two reference tags that will turn into a footnote...