Lecture notes, lecture: Group Cohesion PDF

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Download Lecture notes, lecture: Group Cohesion PDF

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Group Cohesion -

unity

Definition 1 – the result of all forces acting on members to remain in the group (Festinger) Definition 2 – resistance of the group to disruptive forces (Gross & Martin) Dynamic process reflected in the tendency for a group to attract members, stick together, and remain united in the pursuit of its goals and/or the satisfaction of its members (2 dimensions: TASK AND SOCIAL) (Carron) Fundamental Characteristics: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Multidimensional – numerous factors cause groups to stick together Dynamic – can change over time Instrumental – groups stick together for task purposes (to achieve common goals and objectives Affective – groups stick together because members like/enjoy each others company (social attraction)

Conceptual Model of Cohesion Environmental, Personal, Team, Leadership  Cohesion  Group outcomes and Individual outcomes Environmental/Situational Factors: -

Contractual, eligibility, transfer, geographical boundaries Normative/social pressures on a quitter Organization orientation (goals, strategies, maturity, sex, age, etc.) Group Size – moderately sized groups are the best from both a task and social perspective Geography (physical and functional proximity)

Personal Factors: -

Variable (demographics, cognitions, behaviours) Similarity (shared attributes – personality, sex, background) Shared attitudes and motives Adherence, social loafing, sacrifice Satisfaction with both task and social aspects (most important personal factor) Circular relation between cohesion, satisfaction, and performance

Leadership Factors: -

Task oriented behaviours (clarifying group goals and member roles) Communication (feedback, reinforcement, rewards, appreciation)

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Decision making style Coach/athlete compatibility

Team factors: -

Performance success over a long period (generally produces cohesion) Shared experience, especially negative (failure, threats, frustration) Team stability (norms, roles, acceptance, status, satisfaction) Collective efficacy

Consequences (cohesion and what it produces) Group outcomes: -

Improved performance, communication, interaction Group stability, group satisfaction o Group goal setting Concern over self-deception by group (too cocky)

Individual outcomes: -

Improved personal states Increased role clarity/ acceptance Group goal acceptance/ conformity o Increased individual satisfaction Shared attribution of responsibility for bad outcomes...