Let Reviewer Book (Duka) Questionnaire PDF

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A LET review questionnaire from Duka's review book....

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DUKA – HISTORICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION 01. Derived from the Latin word "educare" or "educare" which means to lead forth.

01. EDUCATION

02. Defined as the process of acquiring of knowledge, habits, attitudes, interests, skills and abilities and other intangible human qualities through training instructions and self activity, and transmitting these vital elements of human civilization to posterity.

02. EDUCATION

03. Types of Education

03. Formal education Non-formal education Informal education

04. Refers to the hierarchically structured and chronologically graded learning organized and provided by the formal school system and for which certification is required in order for the learner to progress through the grades or move to higher levels.

04. Formal Education

05. refers to any school based educational activities undertaken by the DepEd and other agencies aimed at attaining specific learning objectives for a particular clientele specially the illiterate and out of school youth and adults, distinct from outside and the regular offering of the formal school

05.Non-Formal Education

06. type of education with can which can be acquired anytime and anywhere.

06. Informal Education

07. otherwise known as education for all seasons

07. Informal Education

08. Origin of Education

08. The Theory of Divine Creation The Theory of Evolution

09. This theory of education advocates that when God created man he equipped man with intellect and free will, but because man chose to ignore and disobey His will the first couple was banished from the "Garden of Eden' and severed the former relation between the Creator and man. Henceforth, the first couple, multiplied passing the knowledge acquired from God to their off springs

09. The Theory of Divine Creation

10. This theory of the origin of education believes that education started when the very primitive man, basically savage, brutish, and animalistic, for he had just evolved from the lower primates, began his quest to find ways and means to feed, clothe, shelter, and protect himself, and compete with other animals for

10. The Theory of Evolution

survival (i.e. survival of the fittest) The education was informal and learning was through observation, and imitation or apprenticeship for there were no existing schools yet.

11. Educational Contributions of Some Ancient Civilizations 11.1 Jewish

11.1 Jewish – religious education

11.2 Chinese

11.2 Chinese – career-oriented education

11.3 Egyptian

11.3 Egyptian – practical and empirical education

11.4 Greeks

11.4 Greeks – liberal and democratic education

11.5 Romans 11.5 Romans – pragmatic and progressive education 12. Jewish 12.1 What are synagogues in the Jewish education?

12.1 Synagogues – temple schools

12. 2 Two books

12.2 Bible and Talmud (book of Jewish law)

12.3 What are Rabbis?

12.3 Rabbis – teachers/priests

13. Chinese 13.1 To whom Analects is attributed?

13.1 Analects of Confucius

13.2 What examination was devised during the Han Dynasty?

13.2 Civil Service Examination (Han Dynasty 206 B.C.)

13.3 Three Kinds of civil service examination

13.3 Civil Service Examination (Han Dynasty 206 B.C.) a. Flowering Talent - whole day exam b. Promoted Man – 3 days exam c. Entered scholar/fit for office – 13 days exam, and those who passes became the ministers of the emperor

14. Egyptian 14.1 Egyptian’s ancient picture writing system

14.1 Hieroglyphics 14.2 Papyrus

14.2 Ancient paper 14.3 value of pi given by Egyptians 3.16 14.3 Mathematics – value of pi 14.4 pyramids, dams, dikes, palaces 14.4 engineering/architecture 14.5 land surveying and measuring 14.5 Geometry 14.6 Astronomy

14.6 position of stars and other heavenly bodies to determine tides, seasons, and floods. Calendars composed of 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, months of 30 days with 365 days a year

14.7Medicine

14.7 Explored human anatomy Mummification of dead

15.Greeks 15.1 Four contributions

15.1 olympic games, mythology,

democracy, philosophy 15.2 What are the Two Greek City States

15.2 Sparta and Athens

15.3 Difference between the Sparta and Athens

15.3 Sparta - authoritarian government - military-city state - communal life - military academy - at birth, the child is taken care by the mother, but at the age of seven he is turned over to the paidonomus or a military drill master who will teach him the art of warfare Athens - liberal education - freedom of thought, expression and religion - education was a family responsibility - every male child is given a paedagogus or a tutor who will train him to be a good and responsible citizen

15.4 Ancient Athenian Schools (school and teacher)

15.4 Ancient Athenian Schools 1. Palaestra (gymnastic school) Paedotribe (teacher of gymnastics) 2. Music School Kitharist – music teacher 3. Grammar School Grammatist – teacher of letters 15.5 Sophists

15.5 They were the wandering scholars who went to Athens, taught Athenian boys but collected fees from them 15.6 Protagoras 15.6 The most famous sophist who said that man is the measure of all things 15.7 Greek thinkers that flourished in order to counteract the influences of the Sophists who were not Athenians

15.7 Socrates Plato Aristotle 15.8

15.8 Identify which greek thinker said or contributed the following: 1. He advanced the idea of “Gnothi Seauton” or know thyself 2. he believed that knowledge is virtue and all virtuous actions are based on knowledge 3. he introduced Socratic dialectic method of teaching which is composed of: a. ironic (destructive) element b. maieutic (constructive) element 4. proposed that society should be divided into classes of people based on their talents and intelligence and what are the three classes of people?

1. SOCRATES 2. SOCRATES 3. SOCRATES

4. PLATO Classes of people based on their talents and intelligence a. Philosophical class – guardians or rulers of society b. Warrior class – protectors of the society c. Artisan or industrial class – workers of

the society 5. PLATO 5. He believes that education should be determined by the social class where

6. PLATO

the person belongs

7. ARISTOTLE

6. He established a school called Academy 7. He was the paedagogus of Alexader the Great 8. He established a school called Lyceum 9. He believed that virtue is brought by doing not by knowing 10. He advanced the idea that man is a social animal and must use his reason to attain his ultimate end which is the summon bonum or highest/supreme Good. 11. He postulated that man is composed of two distinct but united entities: ________ and _______. 12. According to _________, the soul is composed of: a. ________ element – appetites, desires, passions b. ______ element – intellect 15.9 The Greek Universities 1. World’s first comprehensive university 2. Founded by Alexander the Great in Egypt; has the most advanced library facilities 15.10 This is the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible was translated by 70 scholars in University of Alexandria. It has excellent products like: a. __________ - in the field of Geometry b. __________ - in the field of Physics c. __________ - in the field of Geography and Astronomy

8. ARISTOTLE 9. ARISTOTLE

16. Romans 16.1 Contributions of Romans

10. ARISTOTLE

11. ARISTOTLE ; BODY AND SOUL

12. ARISTOTLE A. IRRATIONAL B. RATIONAL

15.9 1. University of Athens 2. University of Alexandria 15.10 Septuagint a. Euclid b. Archimedes c. Erathosthenes

16.1 Latin Language, The Laws of the Twelve Tables, The Roman Senate

16.2 The Roman Schools a. Elementary b. Secondary c. Higher Education

16.2 The Roman Schools A. Elementary – school of the LITTERATOR OR LUDI MAGISTER B. Secondary – school of the Grammaticus or Literatus C. Higher Education – Rhetorical schools

16.3 Imperial Contributions 1. Founded the Roman University and Roman Library 2. Gave scholarships to poor but deserving students 3. Gave pensions for retired teachers and gave more attention to Law and Medicine than to Philosophy 4. Exempted all Roman teachers from taxation and military service 5. Continued all the privileges from Vespasian to Antoninus Pius and legalized Christianity by virtue of the Edict of Milan on AD 313 . 6. Required that all teachers be licensed

16.3 1. Vespasian 2. Trajan 3. Hadrian

4. Antoninus Pius 5. Constantine

6. Julian

and be given qualifying exams and he eliminated Christian teachers from Roman schools. 7. Subsidized all Roman schools, and created a salary scale for teachers

7. Gratian 8. Theodosius

8. He nationalized all schools and considered the establishment of private schools a grave crime punishable by law. 17. Educational Influences of Jesus Christ 17.1 His methods of teaching people were simple and direct and were intended to touch man’s spirituality. 17.2 The Teaching Methods of Jesus Christ 1. A short story, a weighty similitude used to convey instruction to ignorant, prejudiced and inattentive hearers. 2. Example Prodigal Son (Luke 15:11-33) 3. An intimate, face-to-face, direct, natural, personal, and informal methods. 4. It is a sort of question and answer method 5. Examples John 3:1-11 between Jesus and Nicodemus AND Mat. 22:15-17 about paying taxes 6. Jesus, in His teachings frequently used gnomes or proverbs, some were quoted from the Old Testament and others were His own. 7. Example “For many are called but few are chosen.” Mat. 22:14 18. Early Christian Education 18.1 When Emperor Constantine of the Roman Empire proclaimed the Christianity as the official religion of the Roman world, the Christians and their teaching became part of the mainstream society and the Emperor supported the church and established schools. The following Christian Schools were established: a.__________ - school for new converts b. _________ - school for leadership training c. _________ - school for the clergy 19. The Different Medieval Movements in Education 19.1 Education was a religious discipline; education was strict, rigid, and punishment was severe. 19.2 During Monasticism, education was based on Monastic vows of ______, _______ and ________ 19.3 During the reign of ________, he supported the Monastic school and even established court schools to educate his constituents. 19.4 Education was an intellectual discipline. The purpose of this movement was to bring reason to faith and support theology by using logic. 19.5 Was one of the foremost proponents of Scholastic movement. 19.6 Saint Thomas Aquinas wrote this book that became the basis of the majority of the doctrines of the Catholic Church.

17.1 Jesus Christ

17.2 1. PARABLE

2. PARABLE 3. CONVERSATIONAL METHOD 4. CONVERSATIONAL METHOD 5. CONVERSATIONAL METHOD

6. PROVERBIAL OR GNOMIC METHOD 7. PROVERBIAL OR GNOMIC METHOD

18.1 a. CATECHUMENAL – schools for new converts b. CATECHETICAL – school for leadership training c. CATHEDRAL/EPISCOPALIAN – school for clergy

19.1 MONASTICISM

19.2 monastic vows of POVERTY, CHASTITY, and OBEDIENCE 19.3 CHARLEMAGNE

19.4 SCHOLASTICISM

19.5 SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS 19.6 SUMMA THEOLOGIAE

19.7 This started as “universitas magistrorum et scholarium” or corporation of teachers and students chartered by the pope of the kings. The first organized university was the ______________ chartered

19.7 THE MEDIEVAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA...