Logical Arguments Matrix PDF

Preview

Summary

Download Logical Arguments Matrix PDF

Description

Logical Arguments Matrix Part 1. Instructions: Complete the matrix below by answering (1) whether the argument is valid and (2) if valid, which kind of argument it is, or if invalid, explaining why it is invalid. Ar g ume nt

Va l i d?

EXAMPLE: ( 1 )I fJ o ei se l i g i b l et obep r e s i de n t , h e i s3 5o ro l d e r . I NVALI D ( 2 )J o ei s35o ro l d e r . _ _ _ _ _ ( 3 )J o ei se l i g i b l et ob epr e s i d e n t .

( 1 )I fKa t ei ss e v e r e l yf a r s i g h t e d ,t h e n s h en e e d sg l a s s e s . ( 2 )Ka t ed o e sn otn e e dgl a s s e s . _ _ _ _ _ ( 3 )Ka t ei sn o ts e v e r e l yf a r s i gh t e d.

( 1 )I fJ a ypl a y sf o o t b a l li nt h eNFL, t h e nh e ’ sapr o f e s s i on a la t h l e t e . ( 2 )J a yd o e sn o tp l a yf o ot b a l li nt h e NFL. _ _ _ _ _

Ty peo fa r g ume nto re x pl a na t i o n Th i si sa ne x a mp l eo fa ffir mi n gt h e c o n s e q u e n t .Be i n g3 5o ro l d e ri sa n e c e s s a r y , b u tn ots u ffic i e ntc o n d i t i o n f o rbe i n gp r e s i de n t . Hemu s t a l s ob ea n a t u r a l b or nU. S.c i t i z e n ,a n dn o ta f e l o n.

Va l i d

Th i si sa ne x a mp l eo fmo d u st o l l e n s . Si n c eKa t ei sf a r s i gh t e d ,s hewi l l n e e dh e rg l a s s e s .I fs h ewa s n ’ t f a r s i g h t e d , s h ewo u l dh a v en on e e dt o we a rg l a s s e s . Th i se x a mp l ei sv a l i d a n dl o g i c a l .

I n v a l i d

Th i si sa ne xa mpl eo fd e n y i n gt h e a n t e c e de n t . I ti sn o tn e c e s s a r yt ob ea p r o f e s s i o n a la t h l e t e ;h o we v e ri ti sn ot s u ffic i e n tf o rt h ec o n c l u s i o n . J a yc a n b eap r o f e s s i o n a la t h l e t ei no t he r s p o r t s .No tbe i n gi nt h eNFLd o e sn o t e x c l u deJ a yf r o mb e i n gap r o f e s s i o n a l i na n o t h e rs p o r t .

( 3 )J a yi sno tap r o f e s s i o n a la t h l e t e .

Va l i d ( 1 )I fCh a r l ot t ei si nPa r i su nd e rt h e Ei f e lTo we r , t h e ns h ei si nFr a nc e . ( 2 )Ch a r l o t t ei si nPa r i su n d e rt heEi ffe l To we r . _ _ _ _ _ ( 3 )Ch a r l o t t ei si nFr a n c e .

© 2017 Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Th i si sa ne x a mp l eo fmo d u sp on e ns . I fCh a r l o t t ei si nPa r i su n d e rt h e Ei ffe lTo we ri ti ss t a t i n g , s h ei si n Fr a n c e .I fs h ewa sn o tu n de rt h e Ei ffe lTo we r , wh e r ee l s ec o u l ds h eb e s t a n d i n gi fs h ei s n ’ ti nFr a nc e . The s t a t e me n tt ha tCha r l o t t ei sun d e rt h e Ei ffe lTo we rma k e si ts a f et oc o n c l u d e Page 1 of 2

t h a ts h ei si nFr a n c e . Pa r t2 .I n s t r u c t i o n s :Fi r s t , wr i t eo u tt hea r gume n t ’ sf o r mi ns y mb o l i cn o t a t i o n . Th e n , c r e a t ev a l i d e x a mp l e so ft h ef o l l o wi n gki n dso ra r g u me n t s :h y p o t h e t i c a ls y l l o gi s m, di s j u n c t i v es y l l o gi s m, a n d c o ns t r u c t i v ed i l e mma . Co ns t r u c tt woe x a mpl e sf o re a c ht y p eo fa r g ume nt .Don o tr e p l i c at e v e r b a t i ms amp l e sf r o my o u ra s s i g n e dr e a d i n g , c l as sl e c t u r e s , o ra n yo t h e rs o u r c e s . TYPE

Sy mb o l i c No t a t i o n

EXAMPLE: Mo d u s P>Q Po n e n s P _ _ _ _ __ Q

Hy p ot he t i c a l P Q Sy l l o g i s m Q R P R

Di s j u n c t i v e Sy l l o g i s m

PvQ ~Q _ _ _ _ __ _ P

Co n s t r u c t i v e P Q*R S Di l e mma PvR _ _ _ _ __ _ _ QvS

YOUREXAMPLE# 1

YOUREXAMPLE#2

I fmyh o t d o gi sChi c a g os t y l e , t h e ni twi l lh a v e mus t a r da n dh o tp e p p e r so n i t . Myho t do gi sCh i c a g o s t y l e . Th e r e f o r e , myh o t d o gh a s mus t a r da n dh o tp e p p e r so n i t . I fIg ot obe dl a t e , Iwi l l o v e r s l e e p . I fIo v e r s l e e p , Iwi l lmi s smy 1 1a mc l a s s . Th e r e f o r e , i fIg ot ob e dl a t e , Iwi l lmi s smy1 1a mc l a s s

I fRy a no wn saBe a g l e , t h e n h i sp e ti sad o g . Ry a no wn saBe a g l e . The r e f or e , h i sp e ti sad o g .

Ia me i t h e raPr e Me d i c i n e ma j o roraSo c i o l o g yma j o r . Ia mn otaPr e Me d i c i ne ma j o r . Th e r e f o r e , Ia m aSo c i o l o gy ma j o r

I fIp r o c r a s t i n a t e ,Iwi l lfin i s h mya s s i g nme n tl a t e . I fIfin i s hmya s s i g nme n tl a t e , Iwi l ll o s ep o i n t s . The r e f or e , i fIp r o c r a s t i n a t e , I wi l ll o s ep o i n t s . Thec h i l di se i t h e rha p p yo r s a d . Thec h i l di sn o ts a d . The r e f or e , t h ec h i l dmu s tb e h a p p y .

I ft h i sj u i c ei sf r u i tfla v o r e d ,I ft het e ai sh ot , Iwi l le n j o yi t ndi ft h et e ai si c e d , An n a Me g a nwi l ll i k ei ta n di ft h i s a l le n j o yi t . Dr i n ki n gt e ai s j ui c ei sc a r b on a t e d ,J a k ewi l l wi e i t h e rh o to rc o l d . Th e r e f o r e , l i k ei t . Th i sj u i c ec o n t a i n s n aa n dIwi l le n j o yi t . e i t h e rf r u i tfla v o r i n ga nd An c a r b o n a t i on . The r e f or e , Me g a na n dJ a k ewi l ll i k ei t .

© 2017 Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Page 2 of 2...