Lower Limb Questions PDF

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Lower Limb QuestionsLearning Objectives  Identify the bony structure of the lower limb and its features/ landmarks.  Summarise the musculature of the lower limb including attachments and principle functions/ movements.  Outline the neurovascular supply of the lower limb1 - Identify the bony st...

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Lower Limb Questions Learning Objectives  Identify the bony structure of the lower limb and its features/ landmarks.  Summarise the musculature of the lower limb including attachments and principle functions/ movements.  Outline the neurovascular supply of the lower limb

1.1 - Identify the bony structure of the lower limb and its features/ landmarks. The leg is from the knee to the ankle. True/False True! The LL is from hip to foot and the thigh is the hip to knee What 3 structures meet at the acetabulum? Ilium, Ischium, Pubis How can you differentiate a male and female pelvis? By the pubic arch What is the longest bone in the body? Femur What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body? Patella What type of joint is the knee joint? Synovial Hinge Joint What bones are involved in the knee joint? Distal Femur, Proximal Tibia, Patella What is the function of the patella Anatomical pulley, allows more flexion and extension of knee joint Show what is flexion and extension of a knee joint.

What is the function of menisci? Shock absorbers Which is medial, tibia or fibula? Tibia What is the substance btw the tibia and fibula called? Interosseous Membrane What is the function of the fibula? Helps to stabilize ankle. Articulates with tibia. What are the 7 tarsal bones? Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, Cuboid, Cuneiform - Medial, intermediate, Lateral What are the 5 metatarsal bones? Metatarsal 15

What are the 14 phalanges? Proximal, Intermediate and distal phalanx. Does all digits have phalanges? Big toe only has prox and distal phalanges.

1.2 - Summarise the musculature of the lower limb including attachments and principle functions/ movements. Name the quadriceps muscles. Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius Name of the proximal and distal attachment for each of them. Rectus Femoris Prox : ASIS Distal : Patella (via quadriceps tendon) Vastus Lateralis Prox: Intertrochanteric line, Greater trochanter, Lateral lip of linea aspera Distal : Patella Vastus Medialis Prox : Intertrochanteric Line, Pectineal Line, Medial Lip of Linea Aspera Distal : Patella Vastus Intermedius (under rectus femoris) Prox : Femoral Shaft : upper 2/3 ant and lateral surface Distal : Patella What is the function of the quadriceps? Extension of knee What muscles make up the anatomical goose foot? Semitendinosus tendon, Gracilis Tendon, Sartorius muscle Name the anterior compartment muscles, other than the quadriceps muscles. Sartorius muscle.

Name its proximal and distal attachment and its function. Prox : ASIS Distal : Medial surface of proximal tibia, inserts into pes anserinus Function : Extension of knee Name another term for the anatomical goose foot. Pes anserinus Name the nerve that innervates the anterior compartment (pt.1 Femoral nerve Name the other muscle that this nerve innervates (pt 2.) Pectineus muscle Name the posterior compartment muscles and what they are named as a group. Hamstring Group. Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus muscle, Semimembranosus muscle Name their proximal and distal attachments Biceps Femoris Prox : Long head attached to ischial tuberosity, Short head attaches to lateral lip of linear aspera Distal : form a tendon which attached to the head of the fibula Semitendinosus m. Prox : ischial tuberosity Distal : Medial surface of tibia as part of goose foot Semimembranosus m. Prox : Ischial Tuberosity but more superiorly to both semitendinosus and biceps femoris Distal : Medial tibial condyle Name the nerve that innervates the posterior compartment muscles. Sciatic Nerve What other muscle(s) does this nerve innervate?

Adductor Magnus Hamstring part) Name the medial compartment muscles and what they are named as a group. Hip adductors. Gracilis muscle, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, Adductor Magnus, Pectineus List their proximal and distal attachment sites. Gracilis m. P Body and Inferior Ramus of Pubic Bone D Medial Aspect of Tibia (attached to goose foot) Adductor Longus m. P Body of Pubis D Linea Aspera Adductor Brevis m. PBody and inferior ramus of pubis DFemur from lesser trochanter to Linea aspera Adductor Magnus m. PIschiopubic Ramus and ischial tuberosity D Linea Aspera and Adductor Tubercle Pectineus m. P Superior Ramus of pubis D Post. Surface of femur and pectineal line

Name the nerve that innervates the medial compartment muscles. Except? Obturator Nerve - Gracilis, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, Adductor Magnus Adductor part) EXCEPT Pectineus muscle (femoral n.) and the Adductor Magnus hamstring part(sciatic n.) What are the components of the lateral compartment of muscles? iliotibial band and tensor fascia latae What is their function?

To keep the body upright posture and extend knee during lateral rotation...