LS 23L Pre and Post Lab Questions PDF

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Both pre and post lab work...

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By the end of the round 3 of the flight transmission activity in the week 2 epidemiology Lab, eight people are infected (of the twenty four people in your section). What would be the infection rate at the end of the round 4, assuming no one was infected more than once? (16/24)*100 COVID-19 has a nucleic acid center made of RNA instead of DNA. True Why is COVID-19 different from other known viruses (SARS, H1N1) we have experienced before?

It has a longer incubation period of up to 14 days. ELISAs test for active viral RNA in a patient. False If an ELISA plate is incubated above _______, the antibodies and antigens can denature. 37C Why do we remove the liquid and wash out the wells during an ELISA? To wash away any antibodies that did not attach to antigen Which is not true of ectotherm? They have relatively high metabolic rates All of the following are true about metabolism except: Small animals have a lower metabolic rate than larger ones Which of the following descriptions regarding temperature and the type of organisms is most likely to be incorrect? Metabolic processes of a human increases as its surrounding temperature increases from room temperature The Experimental Design lab module introduces you to compound X, a compound that may be harmful to kidney cells. What do you expect to happen to the cells that are exposed to compound X? Cells die What is measured in the goldfish metabolism experiment as an indicator of metabolism? O2 concentration When using DNA to identify a crime scene suspect, using 13 sets of primers for the DNA profile will ___________ probability of a 100 % match between two different individuals. Decrease the

When looking at DNA sequences, the number of repeats of each individual's tandem repeated regions can be different, creating a specific DNA profile. When using one primer pair in different individuals, the PCR product will be of… Different lengths What is the ratio of ddNTP to dNTP in the nucleotide mixture for the Sanger sequencing reaction? 1:50 During Sanger sequencing, ddNTPs are labeled with fluorescent dyes in order to differentiate between the different nucleotides. True During the Next Generation Sequencing process, what is the purpose of the adapter? For PCR primers to bind to it How long ago did our human haplogroups diverge? Tens of thousands of years ago What is the purpose of the end-repair procedure in NGS? To create blunt end strands There are many advantages of using NGS technique compared to the Sanger sequencing, for example: We can sequence many DNA molecules in parallel In Sanger DNA sequencing, how many different fluorescent dyes are used to label ddNTPs? 4 Which of the following is NOT an objective of using the heat rate monitor in this lab? Determine the presence of tachycardia and other abnormalities of heart rhythmicity During the Cardiovascular Function Labster simulation, how did heart rate change in patient A when comparing the value at the maximal exercise intensity to the value at rest? About 2x In an EKG reading, what occurs during the QRS complex? Conductance and sequential depolarization of the ventricles What physiological stage of heart does the P wave observed with EKG sensor represent? Atrial contraction In a recording of an EKG, which part of the graph represents ventricular contraction? QRS complex

Which of the following is NOT an objective of using the heat rate monitor in this lab? Determine the presence of tachycardia and other abnormalities of heart rhythmicity Which of the following is not a parameter of the Lung Function Test? Tidal Capacity (TC) If a protein is able to migrate down a gel matrix without first being treated with SDS, what is true of this protein? The protein has only one subunit. Using gel filtration, the total size of a protein is determined to be 100kD. When the SDS-PAGE technique is applied to the protein, one band of size 40kD and one band of size 30kD appear in the gel. Based on these results, how many total subunits could this protein possess? 3 An antibody, with molecular weight 160kD in its native state, is treated with SDS and a reducing agent before being loaded onto an SDS-PAGE gel. The result shows 2 bands, one is 30kD and the other band is at 50kD. How many subunits are in this antibody? 4 Protein X contains 4 different sizes of subunits. Subunits A and B are connected by hydrogen bonds, while subunit C is connected to subunit A by disulfide bonds, and subunits D is also connected to B by disulfide bonds. Protein X was run through SDS-PAGE without reducing agent showing _______ bands because SDS disrupts __________bonds, compared to ____ bands when X was also treated with reducing agent, which disrupts __________bonds. 2, non-covalent, 4, disulfide A student attempts to analyze the cellular structure of a 1x1x1 centimeter cube of wood under a compound microscope. What must the student consider before proceeding? Light must be able to pass through the sample. In the Microscopy Labster simulation, you looked at the effects of a virus on the small intestine of chickens. What is the function of the epithelium in the small intestine? The epithelium builds an impermeable barrier for food-borne pathogens. The epithelium takes up nutrients by passive and active transport. The epithelium builds a barrier that only allows certain substances to pass through. The orientation of the slide and the image seen through the eyepiece are inverted in the compound microscope but not in the dissecting microscope. True _______________ cells are striated, tubular, and multinucleated. They are classified as voluntary and their structure allows for locomotion and movement. skeletal muscle

Even with the highest possible magnification of the compound microscope, we are unable to see some small cellular structures. Why is it not possible to achieve a higher resolution in the compound microscope? The wavelength of visible light is too long. Which of the following tissue samples has the most differential layering (different layers) in its composition? epithelium (skin) When streaking a new agar plate, why is it important to sterilize the wire loop before picking up the bacterial cells you want to culture? To avoid cross contamination If you want to use a serial dilution to make a 1/50 dilution. The first dilution you make is a 1/5 dilution with a total volume of 1 ml. To make that dilution you would add ____of your stock solution and____ of your solvent. Then you make a 1/10 dilution and add ____ of your first dilution and ____ of your solvent. 0.2 ml, 0.8 ml, 0.1 ml, 0.9 ml In the "Bacterial Quantification by Culture" Labster simulation, the experimental sample with fungal compound had less than 1000 viable cells per mL while the control sample had around 2,000,000 viable cells per mL. How can you interpret these results? The fungal compound slows down bacterial growth How would you interpret these observations from the "Bacterial Quantification by Culture" Labster simulation? The fungal compound reduces bacterial growth If you had 1000 cells per mL in a bacterial culture sample, how many would you expect to find in a 0.001 dilution? 1 In the "Bacterial Quantification by Culture" Labster simulation, you created two bacterial cultures, one with a fungal compound and one without. What do you need to do next to test if the fungal compound has antibiotic properties? Incubate the tubes and let the bacteria grow...