LTS 1-Module 1 - Module 1 PDF

Preview

Summary

Module 1...

Description

National Service Training Program Literacy Training Service 1

Part I INTRODUCTION “Citizenship consists in the service of the country.” J Nehru

“The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.” -

Mahatma Gandhi

“A good citizen takes responsibility for helping home, school, and community to be a good place for everyone.”

Prepared by:

-

Anonymous

JAPHETH C. AURELLO Instructor

202

Part 1 – Introduction

1

PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY North External Campuses Coron Campus Student Name:

Program :

Doc. Ref. No.:

NSTP 1 - LTS 1

Effectivity Date: Revision No.: Total Page No.:

Sep. 1, 2020 001 13

Instructor: BSEd-English

Japheth C. Aurello Block: None

Introduction

Student Signature:

Date Returned: Vision

An Internationally recognized university that provides relevant and innovative education and research for lifelong learning and sustainable development

Mission Palawan State University is committed to upgrade people’s quality of life by providing education opportunities through excellent instruction, research and innovation, extension, production services, and transnational collaboration

Part

1

INTRODUCTION 2

Learning Objectives: 1. 2. 3. 4.

At the end of this module, learners would be able to: Explain how they will contribute to the achievement of the PSU Vision and Mission. Describe the application of the PSU core values in promoting NSTP projects and activities. Identify the goals and program objectives of NSTP. Describe the significance of NSTP Act of 2001 or Republic Act No. 9163.

Let’s Explore: Make a personal goal-setting that would align yourself on your career path by making your own short-term and long-term goals. Afterwards, create your personal VISION, MISSION, and CORE VALUES that would obtain your objectives. PSU VISION An internationally recognized university that provides relevant and innovative education and research for lifelong learning and sustainable development. PSU MISSION The Palawan State University is committed to upgrade people’s quality of life by providing education opportunities through excellent instruction, research and innovation, extension, production services and transnational collaboration. PSU SHARED VALUES E- excellence in service Q- quality in assurance U- unity in diversity A- advocacy for sustainable development L- leadership by example; I- innovation T- transparency Y- youth empowerment

PSU Quality Policy (Approved under BOR Resolution No. 169, s. 2018) We Provide equal opportunities for relevant and innovative higher education and advanced studies in Southeast Asia for sustainable development. We Strongly commit to produce competent and humane graduates and help develop resilient communities through excellent programs in instruction, research, extension, and transnational collaborations.

Part 1 – Introduction

3

We shall continually Upgrade our quality management system to adapt to the changing societal needs and aspirations. PSU-CORON Goals General: The Palawan State University-Coron is committed to democratized education in the locality by quality tertiary education at the doorstep of every Calamianon through the offering of courses relevant to the socio-economic progress of the Calamianes Group of Island Municipalities. It aims to produce a workplace that compose of holistically molded and trained individuals who possess global skills in the fields of education, criminal justice, business, hospitality and tourism. Specific: 1. To provide affordable and quality tertiary education in the Calamianes area. 2. To provide upgrade competencies among undergraduates for social and economic development through offering of degree programs relevant to the needs of the communities they serve. 3. To increase the number of professionals in Coron and nearby municipalities. PSU-NSTP specifically aims to: 1. Familiarize students with the NSTP law, its concepts, legal implications and its implementation at Palawan State University; 2. Conduct NSTP activities and projects that contribute to the betterment of life of the members of the members of the community; 3. Mobilize students in the activities and projects contributory to the development of the immediate locality or community by applying what they have learned from the trainings attended or participated in; and 4. Produce students that are civic-consciousness, service oriented and with enhanced intellectual, moral, spiritual, technical and social well-being. NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM The 1987 Philippine Constitution provides that “The State recognizes the vital role of youth in nation building. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs.” In the declaration of principles, it states that the prime duty of the government is to serve and protect its people. The government may call upon the people to defend the state and, in fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal military and civic service. These constitutional mandates served as the basis for the enactment of Republic Act No. 9163, also known as the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001. In Section 2 of RA 9163 under the Declaration of Policy, it hereby affirmed the primary duty of the government to serve and protect its citizens. Knowing the youth’s important role in nation building, the state shall promote civic consciousness among the youth and shall develop their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. It shall inculcate among the youth the spirit of patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement in public and civic affairs. In turn, it shall be the responsibility of all citizens to defend the security of the State. They shall be motivated, trained, organized, and mobilized in military training, literacy, civic welfare and other similar endeavor in the service of the nation. Part 1 – Introduction

4

In pursuit of promoting consciousness among the youth, considered as the most valuable resource of the nation, the congress of the Philippines enacted Republic Act No. 9163 establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP). RA 9163 otherwise known as the NSTP Act of 2001 or “An Act Establishing the National Training Service Training Program (NSTP) for Tertiary Level Students, Amending for the Purpose Republic Act No. 7077 and Presidential Decree No. 1706, and for Other Purposes” was created from the combination of Senate Bill 1824 and House Bill 3593. It was approved and was signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on January 23, 2002 amidst the various calls of dissenting sectors for its abolition or reform. This program comprises the following components: Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC), Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS), and Literacy Training Service (LTS), which are made optional which freshmen students can choose from at the start of enrollment. State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) and other institutions of higher learning are required to offer the ROTC and CWTS Program. However, its implementation commenced on the School Year 2002-2003. Pursuant to this Act (Section 10, paragraph 2), the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) regional offices shall oversee and monitor the implementation of the NSTP under their jurisdiction to determine if the trainings being conducted are in consonance with the objectives of this Act. The Legal Bases of National Service Training Program (NSTP) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The Philippine Constitution Commonwealth Act No. 1 (National Defense Act) Presidential Decree No. 1706 (National Service Law) Republic Act No. 7077 (The Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Law) Republic Act No. 9163 (NSTP Act of 2001)

The Development of the National Service Training Program 2000, December. Mark Welson Chua, a regular cadet of the ROTC (Reserve Officers Training Corps) Program of the University of Santo Tomas (UST), with another officer and some cadets, filed a complaint on the irregularities of the program and the UST ROTC officers, such as collection of unauthorized funds, physical and moral harassment, abuse of authority or manhandling of subordinated, to the Department of National Defense (DND), which led to the relief of the UST Department of Military Science and Tactics (DMST). 2001, March. Mark Welson Chua was found dead floating along Pasig River. His body was thrown to the river and wrapped up with the carpet used in UST-DMST, faced wrapped tight with packaging tape, and his hands bound at his back. At first, the parents were called for a kidnap-for-ransom event, but days later, even before the said deadline for the ransom, Mark was brutally killed. The father raised the concern to the court and the history of Mark’s complaint about the ROTC Program came about. Mark’s parents suspected the involvement of the DMST Training Staff and the ROTC Officers on the crime. A lot of evidence emerged which pointed to the involvement of one training staff and some ROTC officers. This event dramatically raised critiques of the ROTC Program. 2001, June. The University Belt Consortium headed by UST called for the abolition of the ROTC Program in response to the complaint of Mark Chua, his death, and the Student Council advocacies. It appeared that the program did not meet the constitution it was based, and that it perpetuated the power of the military over the liberal University orientation. It claims that the program being a requisite for graduation showed that the Commandant was the one to decide whether a student shall graduate or not, and therefore stealing the University the right and the authority to proclaim a University student Part 1 – Introduction

5

as its graduate. Other concerns and reasons have emerged, among them are from professionals, student council presidents of different universities, and government officials. Those in favor of the abolition of the ROTC program reasoned that the ROTC program was destructive in nature because of the following reasons:  it exposed the students to the tricks and trade of bribery, graft and corruption, and a foretaste of military brutality  school permission was never sought for other fees that the ROTC program imposed on the students  many young students look at ROTC as a waste of time and money that they would rather devote for study and rest  students receive little instruction and benefit but much hardship and harassment  illegal actions become the students’ first and lasting impression of the nation’s defense system to prey on defenseless civilians However, some government officials suggested instead that a reform should be made. These officials emphasized the importance of the program given the role it plays for national security and defense. They also pointed out that the problems incurred did not result from the program itself but originated from the people in it. The response of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), on the other hand, was quite predictable. The AFP reasoned that such civil obligations have been recognized since 1935, and that such moves to abolish the program have doubtlessly ulterior selfserving motives – maybe personal – for the students to escape hardships, or institutional – for the university to show its strength over national interest. The motives, however were merely suspicious, and in response to the increasing controversies over the stand of the government, many bills both the House of Representatives and the Senate, were filed, among them are:       



 

SB 41: Citizens Police Training and Community Service Act SB 60: Optional Military Training Act HB 535: An Act Establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for All Higher Education Institutions HB 607: An Act Establishing an Optional ROTC Program for All Educational Institutions and for Other Purposes HB 1252: An Act Establishing the National Service Training Program as a Substitute for the Reserved Officers’ Training Corps Program, Amending for the Purpose Certain Provisions of the Commonwealth Act No. 1 otherwise known as the “National Defense Act” Republic Act No. 7077, otherwise known as the “Citizen Armed Force or the Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act”, and for Other Purposes HB 1253: An Act Suspending the Operation of Republic Act No. 7077, Entitled “Citizen Armed Force or Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act”, With Respect to the Provisions on the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Program for the School Years 2001-2002, 2002-2003 and 20032004 HB 1684: An Act Making the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) Optional for All Students in All Colleges and Universities, Amending Thereby Pertinent Provisions of Republic Act 7077 Otherwise known as “An Act Providing for the Development, Administration, Organization, Training, Maintenance and Utilization of the Citizen Armed Forces of AFP and for Other Purposes HR 0024: Resolution Directing the Appropriate Committee to Conduct an Inquiry in Aid of Legislation into the Proposed Abolition of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) by Rep. Mikhail Abraham Mitra HR 0015: Resolution Directing the Appropriate Committee to Conduct an Inquiry Aid of Legislation into the Proposed Abolition of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) by Rep. Rafael Nantes Part 1 – Introduction

6



HB 2806: Optional ROTC Act of 2001

Suggested Reforms Government official, Manuel L. Quezon III, a De La Salle University-Manila alumnus, suggested that ROTC Program be voluntary as an option to render national service. He emphasized that selflessness and sacrifice are most properly motivated by the spirit of volunteerism. Apart from this suggestion, he also discussed on the lack of government attention and funds on such programs. He proposed that the government must be the one to issue the uniforms, needed snacks and “financial compensation by way of school subsidies or credits”, and scholarship opportunities for officers. Although not all these suggestions were followed, the emphasis on volunteerism issued the essential element for the subsequent development on the National Service Training Program (NSTP). HISTORY OF NSTP Commonwealth Act No. 1

Presidential Decree No. 1706

Commonwealth Act No. 1, otherwise known as the "National Defense Act", was enacted by the National Assembly of the Philippines on December 21, 1935. It provided for obligatory military service for all male citizens of ages between 18 and 30.

Presidential Decree No. 1706, otherwise known as the "National Service Law", was signed into law on August 8, 1980. It made national service obligatory for all Filipino citizens and specified three categories of national service: civic welfare service, law enforcement service, and military service.

Primary Objective

Republic Act 7077

Republic Act 9163

Republic Act 7077, otherwise known as the "Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act", was enacted by the 8th Congress of the Philippines on June 27, 1991. The Reservist Act provided organization, training, and utilization of reservists, referred to in the Act as Citizen Soldiers. The primary pool of manpower for the reservist organization are graduates of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps, basic and advance courses.

Republic Act 9163, otherwise known as the "National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001". It was signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on January 23, 2002 wherein it insured that the three (3) program components – Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS), Literacy Training Service (LTS), and Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) – are given the same and equal implementation in all educational institutions.

NSTP Timeline Diagram

The primary objective of the NSTP law is to promote the role of the youth in nation-building. As such, it aims to encourage the youth to become civic and/or military leaders and volunteers who could be called upon the nation in cases their services are needed. Compared with the ROTC which specializes in military training, and the E-ROTC which granted three options for students yet was limited in implementation in educational institutions. Moreover, it defines the different components, the duration of the training, NSTP Timelinecoverage, Diagrametc. The Three NSTP Components Part 1 – Introduction

7

NSTP CWTS

ROTC

LTS

Civic Welfare Training Service

Reserve Officers' Training Corps

Literacy Training Service

The National Service Training Program is composed of three different components. The Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) is geared towards activities that have social impact through activities that could contribute to “health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry”, thus the CWTS component of the NSTP stresses the importance of youth involvement in broad programs or activities that will benefit the people. While the CWTS focuses on programs to enhance the living conditions of the people, the Literacy Training Service (LTS) has more limited yet equally useful objective – to “train students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out-of-school youth, and other segments of the society in need of their service”. LTS thus specializes in the education of the people while empowering the people through education. Meanwhile, Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC), while deemed equally important by the NSTP law (it maintained its existence and nature mentioned in RA 7077) having the primary objective to prepare the youth in national defense, becomes merely a component of the program. The NSTP requires male and female students to undergo the program they have chosen for two (2) semesters or one (1) academic year in contrast with the ROTC which requires males to take military training for four (4) semesters or two (2) academic years. Students taking up NSTP will get three (3) units from taking the program equivalent to 1.5 units every semester. Thus, in contrast to the mandatory – yet free – ROTC, students will now have to pay for their NSTP. This includes the former cadets of the ROTC who enjoyed the free reservist program. Also, the law states that private learning institutions could offer one of three options but requires state colleges and universities to maintain their ROTC units together with an alternative unit from two other options. The law also limits the existence of the ROTC in private and vocational institutions requiring it to have 350 cadets for it to be called a unit, otherwise – and considering other factors such as insufficient cadet number, lack of logistics to support ROTC program of instruction (POI), etc. – cross-enrolling the students to other schools for their NSTP is an option. The goal of the law and of the program is to harness the strength and capacity of the youth to contribute to nation-building, thus the National Service Reserve Force is created to enlist CWTS and LTS graduates equivalent to the Citizen Armed Force of the ROTC. In the event that the state will need people for its civic and literacy activities, it will merely utilize the personnel of the reserve force, the student volunteers that the NSTP-CWTS and the NSTP-LTS has produced. As with the need of the Armed Forces for additional force for its defense campaigns, it can easily use its body of reservists in the Reserve Command. Importance of National Service Training Program National Service is another name for a period of compulsory service or conscription to one of the armed forces of the government. Citizen...