Manajemen Perguruan Tinggi Moderen Studi Komparasi Universitas Terkemuka Dunia PDF

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Materi Seminar Manajemen Perguruan Tinggi Moderen Studi Komparasi Universitas Terkemuka Dunia Richardus Eko Indrajit [email protected] Secara praktek bisnis dan manajemen, pada dasarnya TRI DHARMA Perguruan Tinggi merupakan tiga sumber utama pendapatan institusi. melahirkan IC dalam bentuk m...

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Manajemen Perguruan Tinggi Moderen Studi Komparasi Universitas Terkemuka Dunia Richardus Eko Indrajit

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Materi Seminar

Manajemen Perguruan Tinggi Moderen Studi Komparasi Universitas Terkemuka Dunia

Richardus Eko Indrajit [email protected]

Secara praktek bisnis dan manajemen, pada dasarnya TRI DHARMA Perguruan Tinggi merupakan tiga sumber utama pendapatan institusi. Terkait dengan

melahirkan IC dalam bentuk sumber daya manusia

melahirkan IC dalam bentuk inovasi produk dan konsep

melahirkan IC dalam bentuk solusi pragmatis

MISI Institusi

Proses Utama CORE PROCESS

Dimensi CUSTOMERS

Teaching

Research

Services

Dimensi PRODUCTS/ SERVICES

Administrasi Akademik dan Organisasi Pengadaan dan Logistik Aktivitas Penunjang

Akuntansi dan Keuangan

SUPPORTING ACTIVITIES

Dimensi RESOURCES

Teknologi dan Infrastruktur Hukum dan Relasi Publik Sumber Daya Manusia

1

Teaching atau “pembelajaran” ” merupakan proses klasik yang terjadi pada institusi pendidikan tinggi, namun berperan sebagai tulang punggung.

Instruction

1. Teaching regular course offerings 2. Developing course materials

Teaching

Merupakan kegiatan interaktif antara pendidik dan peserta didik dalam hal pengembangan, penyampaian dan penguasaan pengetahuan.

Advising

3. Developing replicable systems of instruction 4. Developing new course/labs 5. Coordinating clinical teaching/independent study/tutorials

1. Advising students on programs of study 2. Sponsoring of advising student groups

Merupakan kegiatan pemberian jasa konsultasi dan peneguhan kepantasan terhadap penguasaan Pengetahuan.

3. Serving on master’s or doctoral supervisory committees 4. Chairing master’s or doctoral supervisory committees

2

Research atau “penelitian” ” merupakan kegiatan para dosen dan peneliti untuk menciptakan beragam inovasi dan teori baru di berbagai bidang ilmu. Ongoing Research

1.Basic scientific investigation, both theoretical and applied 2. Investigation of educationally relevant problems

Melakukan dan menekuni penelitian yang sedang berjalan.

Research

Professional Recognition

1. Awards, honors, or invited presentations 2. Achieving advanced degrees, certification, etc.

Mendayagunakan dan memanfaatkan IC yang dimiliki.

Publications Mengkomersialisasikan IC kolektif institusi.

7. Developing software / media

1. Book 2. Journal and magazine article 3. Monograph, etc 4. Presenting recitals and exhibitions 5. Staging, directing, or acting in musical, theatrical, and dance productions 6. Exhibiting paintings, sculptures, and other creative arts

3

8. Reviews 9. Non-refereed material 10. Citation counts 11. Invited/ contributed presentation 12. Invited/ contributed papers 13. Poster session

Service atau “pelayanan” ” - yang sering diistilahkan sebagai “pengabdian masyarakat”” merupakan kelompok yang paling banyak ragam variasinya. Faculty Service Melakukan kegiatan pemberian jasa dalam wilayah internal institusi

1. Serving on departmental, college, or university committees 2. Serving on the faculty senate 3. Chairing any committee (student, faculty, etc.) 4. Serving as a sponsor for student activities/groups

Service Professional Service Menawarkan jasa profesional dan komersial ke industri atau pihak eksternal lainnya.

Public/Community Service Menjalankan kegiatan sosial bagi masyarakat sekitar dalam berbagai bentuk program.

1. Activity in professional organizations (holding office, serving on committees or boards ) 2. Consulting to organization or corporations 3. Consulting to university/ colleges, etc.

1. Participating in local, state, or national civic activities and organizations 2. Applying academic expertise in the local, state, or national community without pay or profit

4

Dengan melakukan portofolio kegiatan tersebut, maka proporsi sumber pendapatan institusi perguruan tinggi akan sangat bervariasi. Teaching

Research

Services

Other Big

UCLA

9%

40%

42%

-

University of Arizona

25%

39%

9%

-

London SOB

4%

14%

61%

-

Oklahoma State University

22%

34%

36%

-

Harvard

23%

16%

7%

28%

Yale

15%

28%

19%

25%

endowment fund

5

potensi menuju “research university”

dekat dengan industri

Dengan memetakan berbagai unit terhadap aktivitas yang dilakukan, maka dapat diidentifikasikan sejumlah blok yang dapat dikelola secara mandiri. Teaching Type 1 Unit #1

Type 2

Research Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

x

Unit #2

x

x

x

Unit #3 Unit #N

Services

x x

x

x Karakteristik dan struktur governance Model bisnis dan keuangan Spektrum produk dan jasa Status badan hukum dan SDM Strategi sumber daya dan operasional

ragam aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh Unit #N

6

Kerangka aplikasi manajemen institusi perguruan tinggi terpadu yang dikembangkan SAP memperlihatkan implementasi pendekatan multi blok.

Unit #3 yang menjalankan fungsi pelayanan tipe 1 dan tipe 2

Blok X

7

Akan terdapat sejumlah blok-blok dalam naungan manajemen institusi yang dapat dengan mudah dikelola secara portofolio oleh “ holding institution” ” . Perseroan Terbatas

BHP

BHP

HOLDING INSTITUTION

BLOK A

Yayasan BLOK C

Persekutuan Perdata BLOK G Yayasan

BLOK F

BLOK E

BLOK D

BLOK B

Perseroan Terbatas

Persekutuan Perdata

8

Dengan kata lain, model tata pamong atau “ governance ” single block harus diubah menggunakan pendekatan multi block.

“Pemilik” Kepemilikan

Kepemilikan/Sewa Guna

PemilikAktiva Aktiva Pemilik Pemilik Aktiva Tetap Tetap Tetap

Pemilik Intellectual Capital Kontrak

Pengelola

Pengelola Pengelola

9

Terhadap masing-masing blok unit, diidentifikasikan dan diklarifikasikan kembali karakteristiknya untuk mendapatkan model yang tepat dan sesuai. PROFIL INSTITUSI 1.  Latar Belakang Pendirian 2.  Visi, Misi dan Obyektif 3.  Kunci Indikator Kinerja 4.  Roadmap dan Pertumbuhan 5.  Cetak Biru Organisasi

MEKANISME INTERNAL 1.  Kebijakan Organisasi 2.  3.  4.  5. 

Blok Unit

PEMANGKU KEPENTINGAN 1.  Struktur Stakeholder 2.  3.  4.  5. 

Proses dan Prosedur Sasaran Mutu Alokasi Sumber Daya Instruksi Kerja

STATUS KEUANGAN 1.  Model Anggaran dan Alokasi 2.  Neraca Aset 3.  Alur Kasi 4.  P&L 5.  Rasio Utama dan Pendukung

10

Ragam Produk dan Jasa Target Kuantitas dan Kualitas Harapan dan Ekspektasi Faktor Nilai Tambah

Jenis badan hukum atau organisasi dan Model Governance yang sesuai dengan karakteristik Blok Unit yang bersangkutan.

Melalui identifikasi karakteristik blok unik, dapat dipilih badan hukum atau tipe organisasi yang paling tepat untuk diimplementasikan. Aspek

Visi dan Misi

Pilihan

Badan Hukum Pendidikan

Pencapaian keuntungan ekonomis maksimal Pencapaian misi pendidikan (langsung)

Perseroan Terbatas

Persekutuan Perdata

X

X

Contoh Aspek

Tunggal atau terbatas

X

X

Kolektif

X

X

X X

Publik

Status Karyawan

Bentuk Lainnya

X

Pencapaian misi lain sebagai pendukung pendidikan Struktur Kepemilikan

Yayasan

X

Pegawai Negeri

Pegawai Swasta

Pegawai Honorer

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

11

Setelah semua blok unit berhasil dipetakan, barulah ditentukan hubungan atau relasi keterkaitan di antaranya dalam tatanan tata pamong yang efektif.

UU dan PP BLOK UNIT

BLOK UNIT

BLOK UNIT

BLOK UNIT

A

B

C

D Model Governance

BLOK UNIT

A

BLOK UNIT

B

BLOK UNIT

C

Struktur Organisasi

Transparency Accountability Responsibility Independency Fairness

Kebijakan Institusi

Peraturan Organisasi

Business Process BLOK UNIT

D Prosedur dan Instruksi

12

1

2 Knowledge Source and Repositories

3 Delivery Support Devices

4

Transformative Enablers

Agents Capabilities

5

Learning Performance Analysis Tool

6

Integrated Learning Administration and Resource Management System

7

Learning Infrastructure and Superstructure

13

Institution

Center of Excellence

Fungsi TIK sebagai pengembang jejaring Institusi pendidikan

Applications

8

Aplikasi TIK sebagai teknologi pendidikan dan pembelajaran moderen

Facilities

Peranan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sangatlah krusial bagi manajemen perguruan tinggi dalam mengelola sistem multi blok.

Peranan TIK sebagai alat bantu dan infrastruktur tata kelola lembaga pendidikan

ICT Role #1: Knowledge Source - dibangun berdasarkan prinsip bahwa bahan ajar berasal dari berbagai sumber yang dapat ditemukan. Driving Principles

ICT Values

Knowledge is dynamically growing so fast.

Update the scholars with state-of-the-art knowledge.

Great teachers are everywhere around the world.

Learn from the masters through modern communication models.

Books and references are continually updated.

Download the sources periodically at the most affordable way.

Innovations require group-base thinking.

Connect with the community of interests.

Learning consumes too much time to acquire knowledge.

Undergo LOD (Learning-On-Demand) mode in a very fast and entertaining way.

14

ICT Role #1: Knowledge Source (continue)
 

Cyber Net Exploration – how knowledge can be found, accessed, organized, disseminated, and distributed through the internet;


 

Knowledge Management – how knowledge in many forms (e.g. tacit and explicit) can be shared through various approaches;


 

Community of Interests Groupware – how community of lecturers, professors, students, researchers, management, and practitioners can do collaboration, cooperation, and communication through meeting in cyber world;


 

Institution Network – how school can be a part of and access a network where its members are education institutions for various learning-based activities;


 

Dynamic Content Management – how data or content are dynamically managed, maintained, and preserved;


 

Standard Benchmarking and Best Practices – how school can analyze themselves by comparing their knowledge-based acquisition with other education institutions worldwide and learning from their success; and


 

Intelligence System – how various scholars can have the information regarding the latest knowledge they need without having to search it in advance.

15

ICT Role #2: Delivery Support - lahir dari kemampuan TIK menjadi media bantu dalam penyelenggaraan proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Driving Principles

ICT Values

Knowledge delivery should consider the use of real world context.

Simulate the real world situation and bring it into the class.

The more the illustrations are being given, the faster the process of knowledge acquisition.

Develop multimedia presentations to create astounding animations.

The students are expected to explore more of what they already know independently.

Offer various CBT software for ” scenarios. conducting “what-if”

The acquisition of knowledge are coming from the interaction among students and teachers.

Use digital-based communication commonly known by many people.

Ratio between the number of teachers and students really makes difference on facilitation process.

Leverage the technology applications to mimic one-to-one relationship.

16

ICT Role #2: Delivery Support (continue)


 

Event Imitation – using technology to create animation of events or other learning subjects representing real life situation;


 

Case Simulation - enabling teachers and students to study and to perform “what if” ” condition in many cases simulation;


 

Multimedia Presentation – mixing various format of texts, graphics, audio, and video to represent many learning objects;


 

Computer-Based Training (CBT) – technology module that can help students to conduct independent study;


 

Student Learning Tools – a set of programs to help students preparing and storing their notes, presentation, research works, and other learning related stuffs;


 

Course Management – an application that integrates all course related activities such as attendees management, materials deliverable, discussion forum, mailing list, assignments, etc.


 

Workgroup Learning System – a program that can facilitate teachers and students group-based collaboration, communication, and cooperation;

17

ICT Role #2: Delivery Support (continue)


 

Three-Party Intranet – a network that links teachers, students, and parents as main stakeholders of education;


 

Examination Module – a special unit that can be used to form various type of test models for learning evaluation purposes;


 

Performance Management System – software that can help teacher in managing student individual learning records and tracks for analyzing his/her specific study performance;


 

Interactive Smart Book – tablet PC or PDA-based device that is used as intelligent book;


 

Electronic Board – a state-of-the-art board that acts as user interface to exchange the traditional blackboard and whiteboard; and


 

Blogger – a software module that can help the teacher keep track of student progress through their daily experience and notes written in the digital format.

18

ICT Role #3: Transformative Enabler - merupakan peluang yang ditawarkan TIK untuk beralih dari aset fisik menjadi aset maya (baca: virtual). Driving Principles

ICT Values

In learning, “the sky is the limit”” philosophy should be emphasised.

Allow a 24/7 learning activities in an anywhere, anytime, and anyhow mode.

The number and quality of library and laboratory have positive and significant impact on education.

Access a great number of e-library and e-laboratory provided within the internet.

Limited physical resources shall not become the burden of delivering good education.

Implement virtual class and e-learning system through distance educational learning mode.

Strategic resources and product(s)/ service(s) should be improved in number and quality.

Join an inter-educational institution network.

Managing IPRs are considered as a very expensive effort.

Share and collaborate with the IPR owners in various arrangements.

19

ICT Role #3: Transformative Enabler (continue)


 

Virtual Library - A library which has no physical existence, being constructed solely in electronic form or on paper;


 

E-learning Class - any learning that utilizes a network (LAN, WAN or Internet) for delivery, interaction, or facilitation without the existence of physical class;


 

Expert System - computer with 'built-in' expertise, which, used by a non-expert in an education area as an exchange of a teacher or other professional in particular field (expert);


 

Mobile School – a device that can be used to process all transactions or activities related to student-school relationships (e.g. course schedule, assignment submission, grade announcement, etc.);


 

Digital-Based Laboratory – a laboratory consists of computers and other digital devices directly linked to many network (e.g. intranet, internet, and extranet) that can be freely used by teachers or students for their various important activities; and


 

War Room Lab - a room or building that occupied by a good number of computers to be used for scientific testing, experiments or research through diverse digital simulation system.

20

ICT Role #4: Agent Capabilities - suatu keharusan bagi setiap pemangku kepentingan untuk dapat menguasai TIK (baca: e-literacy). Driving Principles

ICT Values

Every stakeholder should have competencies, skills, and passion in using technology for education.

Increase the e-literacy level of stakeholder in a gradual-based mode.

“Information is the raw materials ” should be of knowledge paradigm” well understood by teachers.

Help the teachers to exchange information among scholars all over the world.

Share of knowledge within the archipelago continent of Indonesia is a must-to-do activity.

Offer high speed yet affordable communication lines.

“Learning how to learn” ” is for the students, teachers, and other stakeholders.

Provide with easy to use devices that make learning process entertaining and enjoyable.

Learning is a process of a lifetime and belongs to everybody.

Enable the activities required by people who are willing to learn.

21

ICT Role #4: Agent Capabilities (continue)
 

Word Processing - witting software that allows the computer to resemble a typewrite...