Maulana Maududi PDF

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Assignment Topic: Maulana Maududi Course Name: Foundations of Education Submitted by: Zainab Tahir

Maulana Maududi (1903 – 1979)

Introduction Maulana Maududi was undoubtedly one of the greatest Islamic scholars of 20th century who influenced millions of Muslims across the globe through his writings and religio-political activism. Born on September 25, 1903 in Aurangabad, British India, he was homeschooled in subjects that include the Quran and Hadith, as well as Arabic and Persian. He then studied at the prominent Deobandi school Dar ul-Ulum. Maududi grew up to become a philosopher, jurist, journalist and politician. He became the member of Muslim League in 1940. He is the founder of the political Islamist group Jamaat-e-Islami which has survived to this day. His active participation in Jamaat-e-Islami and other forums further established him as an educationist. In 1979, he was given the Shah Faisal Award for his religious and intellectual contributions. He died on September 22, 1979. He is remembered with great respect by all Muslims. Most of his works were originally written in Urdu, but then translated into numerous other languages including English, Arabic, Hindi, Bengali and Tamil.

Maududi’s Philosophical Concepts Maulana Maududi is of those notable personalities who shared and showed glorious paths to millions of human beings. Just like other religious philosophers, Maududi also gave the reflection of Islam in his philosophical concepts. He was

well aware of the educational requirements of Muslims. The philosophical concepts of Maulana Maududi are as follows: Ontological Concept

 The absolute reality is Allah (swt) who is the Creator of the whole universe. He is the sovereign and Lord of the universe.

 The universe is created by Allah (swt) and He alone has the authority over it.  Allah (swt) has no partner.  Man is the best creation of Allah (swt) and he has been sent to Earth as Allah’s vicegerent.

 Man has been given freewill by Allah (swt) and he will be held accountable for all of his deeds on the Day of Judgement.

 Allah (swt) is the sole Supreme power who is running this system of universe. Epistemological Concept Maulana Maududi devoted substantial amount of time to the problems of education. He believed that education is a contribution, and knowledge is something that helps us build our relation with Allah (swt). His philosophies related to education and knowledge are listed below:

 The absolute sources of knowledge are Allah (swt), His messenger Hazrat Muhammad (saw) and the Divine revelation; that is Quran. Allah (swt) gave knowledge to mankind through His messengers. Human beings must have faith in the hidden knowledge in order to accept the messenger’s messages. This will help them lead their lives on the right path.

 Knowledge gives man superiority and elevates his rank helping him become the “highest form of the creation”.

 Human beings have senses through which they gain knowledge. There is a clear difference between the sense of human being and the sense of animals. Animals have senses, but unlike humans they cannot think and deduce results upon pondering.

 Real knowledge is always practical, beneficial and leads to human redemption. Conceptual or theoretical information cannot attain the status of real knowledge. Axiological Concept This includes ethical values that are important for doing matters of individual and social life.

 Ethical values are essential and the secret of welfare is hidden in its evolution.

 The admirable people of society are the ones who possess honesty, faith, jurisdictional fraternity and love, sacrificial nature, dutifulness, sincerity, moral and ethical values that are needed for humanity.

 Every person has the privilege of Caliphate respectively and every person is answerable for their responsibilities.

 Man stays on Earth keeping relation with Allah (swt) and being His vicegerent.

Educational Aims and Objectives according to Maududi Maududi had a desire to establish an educational system which reawakens Islamic spirit in Muslim youth. With this, he wished to produce individuals who have the ability to become world leader and are the practical model of Islamic civilization.

Maulana Maududi’s educational writings reflect the following objectives of education:

 Education systems should be built to preserve the civilizational heritage of a nation. Hence, through education, Muslims should prepare a nation that is fully acquainted with Islamic civilization and culture.

 Education shapes the character of individuals according to Islamic values. It should produce people with high morals who help promote the Islamic culture.

 Education helps pass on the culture to the new generations. According to Maududi, a nation can survive only if its cultural heritage is effectively transmitted to the new generations.

 Leadership has close relationship with knowledge. Education is responsible for making a nation the world leader. The decline in knowledge results in the shifting of world leadership from one nation to another.

 Education enables the people to recognize the attributes of God. It helps them realize that God is the sovereign Ruler of the universe and we are all accountable to Him for each one of our actions.

 Education also plays a role in cultivating the morals and behaviors of the individuals. It develops their abilities and faculties so that they become competent and skillful in their practical lives. It also makes them aware of their duties and responsibilities.

 Education leads to revolution. Leaders and skilled people are produced by means of education. These people revolutionize and bring about updated reforms in all walks of life.

 We must use education to produce individuals who believe in Islam and have complete understanding of it. This will help in the promotion of Islamic culture.

 Education brings forth the individuals who have deep insight of life and society. It provides them with social and moral training so that they lead a successful life.

Maududi’s Work Throughout his life, Maulana Maududi has written numerous books on a broad range of topics. He has written books on Islam, Islamic state, Islamic law, philosophy, economics, and human rights, as well as the right of minorities. His work was mainly done in Urdu, but later it was translated into many other languages that include Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, English and Arabic. Following are some of the books written by Maududi:

 Towards Understanding Islam: This was the book that gained him the reputation of a religious teacher and major thinker.

 Economic System of Islam: Noted for his rejection of capitalism as unIslamic.

 Islamic Law and its Introduction in Pakistan: This book discusses the step by step introduction of Islamic law in Pakistan and its possible impact.

 Human Rights in Islam: Maududi criticizes the western notions that there’s a contradiction between respecting human rights and Sharia law.

 Let Us Be Muslims: This book covers themes such as faith, Islam, Prayer, Fasting, Almsgiving, Pilgrimage and Jihad in a beautiful and powerfully resonant, yet simple style.

 Tafhim-ul-Quran: This is a 6-volume translation and commentary of the Quran by Maulana Maududi. In this Tafhim, Maududi has provided supportive ahadith and historical reasons with the verses too. The issues faced by modern world and Muslim community in particular have been discussed at length too.

Sources of Knowledge according to Maududi In Maududi’s view, the fundamental sources of knowledge are: 1. Report: an account given of a particular matter or a collection of information, 2. Observation: get acquainted with the external objects, 3. Synthesis: drawing conclusion from the data collected on the basis of report and observation. Following are the points elaborating this concept:

 The unification of reports, observations and synthesis forms the body of knowledge. These 3 sources of knowledge are used by the whole mankind.

 Individuals who use these sources of knowledge lead and inspire the world.  These sources of knowledge can help a nation to become a world leader. As long as this nation keeps revising and updating its information on the basis of fresh knowledge, it remains a world leader. However, if it fails to do so, it is removed from its position and replaced by some other nation.

Concept of Curriculum by Maulana Maududi In Maududi’s time, the curriculum of the educational institutions was a combination of modern and Islamic sciences. He believed that these were two

opposing elements pulling the students in two different directions. He wanted such a curriculum that instilled Islamic values and traditions in the young people of Muslim community so that they exhibit Islamic psyche. To bring this to reality, Maududi designed a curriculum which was distributed into the following categories: Elementary Education Maududi proposed that the elementary education should comprise of 8 years. Its curriculum should include the basics of Islamic ideology which help the students recognize Allah as the sole Creator of the universe. It should also have all those subjects that help in developing the general and environmental understanding of the students. Maududi also insisted that along with the academic training, students must also be provided with moral and practical training. Moral training will help them understand the social and moral values that are prevalent in their society, while practical training will help them gain practical skills like horse riding, swimming, first aid etc. Maududi suggested that Urdu should be included in the curriculum and English up to level that students can use it to get knowledge from English books and benefit and translate them. For students mind training, mathematics should be included in curriculum. Apart from these, Geography, History, Islamic tenets, Medicine, Chemistry and Health Care related different subjects were also to be included in elementary education curriculum.

Secondary Education According to Maududi, secondary education should comprise of two years. On this level, Arabic should be taught as an important language as all elements of Islam like Quran and Hadith are in Arabic. Children must also be taught to read and comprehend the Holy Quran. Islamic beliefs, ethics, jurisprudence and Islamic history should be included in the curriculum to provide students with the knowledge of the universal truths as well as to shape their character according to Islam, make them aware of the Divine rights, and acquaint them with their religion. Schools must also provide the students with practical training and make them regular in their five daily prayers. The students must also understand that their achievement is according to the knowledge they obtain. At secondary level, Maududi included one book of basic subject of Logic, Philosophy and dialogue knowledge. According to Maududi, at secondary level, Philosophy, Medicine, Psychology and Chemistry should also be included in the curriculum.

Higher Education Higher education should comprise of four years according to Maududi. At this stage, he proposed to inculcate the Islamic teachings in the personality of the youth in two phases. In the first phase, a general curriculum is to be taught to all male and female students. In this curriculum, students must be given Quranic education. It should also include Arabic language, hadith and Islamic beliefs. In the second phase, a special curriculum should be taught to students of every academic department. This comprises of teaching students the Islamic philosophy so that they can get the Islamic outlook in all areas of study.

Specialized Education Specialized education aimed to help students excel in any one of the academic departments. Maududi introduced specialized education for Quran, Hadith and theology in order to produce interpreter, lawyer, and learned person of reliance. Students who had graduated could take admission in this type of education and the students who completed their course here had all highest vacancies open to the m.

Teacher’s Training Maulana Maududi explained that the role of the teacher is bringing to light the hidden potentials of students. Teachers should be trained with the following aspects in mind:

 Teachers should have a thorough knowledge and understanding of religion.  They should have command over scientific knowledge.  They should have a positive attitude towards their profession.  Teachers should have amiable and ideal personality. Co-Education Maududi was strictly against the system of co-education. He believed that it is very dangerous for the moral development of a nation. It hinders intellectual growth of the students and is discouraging for society.

Women’s Education Maududi believed that girls’ education was as important as that of boys. He wrote: ‘No community can progress if its females are ignorant.’ Maududi suggested that the programs for women’s education should be designed in accordance with the teachings of Islam as well as keeping their specific needs and requirements in mind. Their educational programs should equip them to carry out their responsibilities efficiently. He also considered it necessary that women should be given military training so that they can use it for defensive purposes.

Conclusion In conclusion, Maulana Maududi’s educational thoughts emphasize such type of education that manifests inspiration from Islamic ideology. He emphasized on the amalgamation of religious and worldly knowledge. He also gave practical solutions to the educational problems of the society. Maududi paid special attention to the questions arising out of the conflict between the Islamic and the modern world. He showed the unbending opponents, who claimed that Islamic education was outdated and would therefore lose the significance, that how Islam’s holistic philosophy of education could be put into practice. His thoughts have the capacity to meet the challenges of the modern age.

Book References 1. Ahmad, Maqbool. (2018). Principles of Education. Lahore: Ilmi Kitab Khana. 2. Maududi, A.S. (2009). The Education. Retrieved from: http://www.islamicstudies.info/literature/The-Education.pdf

Net References 1. https://www.counterextremism.com/extremists/abul-ala-maududi 2. https://nation.com.pk/22-Sep-2019/syed-maududi-a-great-islamic-thinker 3. https://www.qurtuba.edu.pk/thedialogue/The%20Dialogue/10_3/Dialogue_J uly_September2015_278-294.pdf 4. https://www.dawn.com/news/1154419 5. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Sayyid_Abul_A%27la_Maud udi 6. http://mrjpk.com/wp-content/uploads/Issue%2010/eng/05Exploring%20the%20Intellectual%20Contributions%20and%20Educational %20Thoughts%20of%20Syed%20AbulA%E2%80%99alaMaududi.pdf 7. https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/531194-syed-maududi-the-great-islamicthinker-who-influenced-millions-of-people-across-the-globe...