Molecular Dipole Moment Calculations with Gaussian with Sample Results S1-20u PDF

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Summary

Questions to consider when preparing the laboratory report:
1. Compare the estimated equivalence points to their theoretical values
2. Compare the estimated pKa...

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SCC 202 Gaussian Lab Experiment - Dipole Moments with Sample Results Integrative Learning and Digital Communication Ability ___________________________________________________ Learning objectives1. Use Gaussian modeling software to determine the dipole moment of molecules 2. Relate molecular polarity to the intermolecular forces of the molecule. 3. Which types of compounds have the strongest intermolecular forces? 4. Relate intermolecular forces of the molecule to physical properties such as boiling point and melting point. ___________________________________________________ Introduction Different particles in a substance shows interactions (attractions and/or repulsions) with each other and leads to liquid or gas) of the matter. The attractive forces hold the different interacting particles (atoms or molecules) tog forces break them apart. The attractive forces that hold the interacting particles together are called Interm Intermolecular forces (IMF) are different than the intramolecular forces in a sense that the later exists within a m bonds (or covalent forces) or the electrostatic attraction that holds the oppositely charged ions together to form IMF forces are further categorize into London dispersion forces (LDF), dipole-dipole forces (these two are also van der Waals forces), Ion-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding (H-bonding). The intermolecular forces are than the intramolecular (covalent bonds) forces or the electrostatic forces. IMFs play a significant role in explaining the physical state of a matter. Molecules have strong attractive force phases and weak to no attractive forces in the gaseous phase of the substance. In general, the attractive force when a solid becomes liquid (liquification), liquid changes to a gas (vaporization) or a solid changes directly to all these changes, the changes in physical states of a matter are due to the changes in the magnitude of intermo the intramolecular forces remains the same and the molecule or atom remain intact. Another aspect that helps t substance will exist as a solid or a liquid or a gas is the comparison of IMF with the thermal energy. Therm possessed by the particles due to temperature that results into the movement of the particles and hence tries to k the magnitude of IMF> thermal energy while gases have IMF...