Musc-030 Midterm 1 Study Guide PDF

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Gregorian chant: Kyrie-Medieval -Plainchant: single-line melody (monophonic) in texture, lacking harmony/counterpoint -Liturgy - order of church services and structure of each service -Avoids wide leaps, melody is neumatic than melismatic -Nonmetric with free flowing rhythm -Sung/a cappella Pérotin (Notre Dame School): Gaude Maria virgo - Medieval -Polyphony (multivoiced music) originally improvised and eventually notated, is an essential feature of the Western musical tradition - grew out of improvisatory custom of adding a second voice to a Gregorian melody at the interval of a fifth or fourth -Center of organum - earliest type of polyphony: 2,3, or 4 voice parts sung in fixed rhythmic patterns (rhythmic modes) -Rhythmic modes: fixed pattern of long and short notes that is repeated or varied -Melismatic: many notes sung to each syllable -Preexisting chants formed the basis for early polyphony, including organum Josquin: “Kyrie” from Pange lingua Mass - Renaissance -Imitation: musical ideas are exchanged between vocal lines -Cantus firmus: fixed melody with ornamentation in other voices, greater interest duple meter -Latin motet - sacred music Monteverdi: “Si ch’io vorrei morire” - Renaissance -Music should follow words rather than strict rules of harmony -Changing textures, repetitions, dissonance -Madrigal, references to death in poetry, expressive -Flexible meter with modal harmony and alternating between homophony and polyphony Strozzi: “Amor dormiglione”- Baroque -Themes of love in her arias -Rising melody with lilting triple meter -Homophony and a soprano with harpsichord or base lute accompaniment Vivaldi: “Spring” concerto from The Four Seasons -Baroque -Work for solo instruments -Ritornello - piece of music keeps coming back, played by the whole ensemble and soloist plays the solo -Some text-painting (bird calls)

-First time terrist dynamics Handel: Messiah, excerpts - Baroque -Instrumental ritornello, lyrical lines -Oratorio: sacred vocal forms Bach: Cantata no. 140, excerpts - Baroque -5-8 movements with, chorale tune, hymlike. Interspersed with ensembles and duets or recitatives (free melody bass continuos) -Renaissance dont stick to 1 musical texture compared to medieval, religious beliefs still strong but with more realism than Medieval (symbolism) -Homophony - same rhythm, same time, different pitches independent from each other -Renaissance sacred music performed a cappella with fuller more consonant sounders of 3rds and 6ths Baroque -More accompaniment (instruments) -has sections -Melody dominates and then an accompaniment associated supports -More sense of harmony in an order-chord progression...