Naval architecture terms PDF

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Lecture notes on Naval Architecture Terms...

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TYPES OF SHIPS 1. CONTAINER SHIPA vessel that is built and designed for a purpose to carry huge quantities of cargos placed in containers. TYPES OF CONTAINER SHIP ACCORDING TO THE SHIP SIZE  Panamax- a type of container ship that is build and design to travel the Panama Canal.  Suezmax- a type of container ship that is build and design to travel the Suez Canal. 2. BULK CARRIER SHIP A vessel that carry and transports dry cargos in bulk. These dry cargos are coal, ore, cement and etc. TYPES OF BULK CARRIER SHIP ACCORDING TO THE SHIP SIZE  Capesize ship- a type of bulk carrier ship that is too large and can only travel through Cape of Good Hope and Cape Horn. 3. TANKER SHIP A vessel that carry and transport liquid cargos in bulk. These liquid cargos are crude oil, gas and etc. TYPES OF TANKER SHIP  Oil Tankers- a vessel that is designed and build to carry and transport petroleum products in bulk like crude oils to refined products.  Liquefied Gas Carrier (LNG)- a vessel that is designed and build to carry and transport Liquefied Petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas or liquefied chemical gas  Chemical and Product Carriers – a vessel that is designed and build to carry and transport liquid product and chemicals in bulk. 4. ROLL-ON AND ROLL-OF SHIP A vessel that carry and transport wheeled cargos like vehicles. TYPES OF ROLL-ON AND ROLL-OF SHIPS  Pure Car Carrier (PCC) and Pure Car and Truck Carrier (PCTC) RoRo Ships – a type of roll-on and roll-off ship that carry and transport new cars. While for PCTC, it transports new cars, new trucks and other four-wheeled vehicles. 5. MULTI-PURPOSE VESSEL / GENERAL CARGO SHIP

A vessel that is designed to carry and transport wide range of cargos or many types of products like wood, steel, building materials and bulk products etc. 6. REEFER VESSEL A vessel that is designed to carry and transport perishable goods like meat, fish, fruits, dairy products and etc. The vessel is designed to have a refrigeration system to preserve the cargos. 7. LIVESTOCK CARRIER A vessel that is designed to carry and transport alive animals. Feeding zones and air ventilations are added on the ship for the purpose of keeping the animals alive. 8. PASSENGER SHIP A vessel that is designed and build to carry and transport passenger on the sea. TYPES OF PASSENGER SHIP  FERRYA type of a passenger ship that transport passenger and vehicles in short-sea trips. Usually are boats or small size ships.  OCEAN LINER – A type of passenger ship that carry and transport 1,500 to 2,000 passengers, transporting them from point of origin to point of destination or a one trip ride. The ship has installed swimming pools, saloons, gym and other leisure areas.  Cruise ships – A type of passenger ship that is similar to the ocean liner, the only difference is that, the cruise ship offers an adventure where it travels from port to the other port and back to the point of origin or a round trip ride. It has also installed swimming pools, casino, discos and other leisure areas.

DEFINITION OF TERMS 

Length Overall [LOA] -

It is the total length of the ship from forward to back. Where length overall is important in docking the ship, to make sure that the ship will fit the dock. Also, LOA is longer than the LBP

• Length between Perpendiculars [LBP] -it is the distance between the forward perpendicular and after perpendicular. • Forward perpendicular (FP) - Is a line where it is perpendicular to the water line, the line is located at the bow of the ship. • The after perpendicular (AP) - Is a line where it is perpendicular to the water line, the line is located usually at the sternum of the ship or at the rudder location, or at the propeller location. • Length on Load Waterline [LWL] -it is the total length of the waterline on the ship, or the length of the submerged part of the ship. • BREADTH -or also known as beam it is the total width of the ship from the starboard side to the port side • BASELINE -a horizontal plane which is located at the lowest part of the hull and is perpendicular to the centerline. A centreline is a vertical plane that is located at the middle of the beam. • WIDTH -a word to describe how wide an object is, or it is the measurement from side to side. • DEPTH - is the total height of the ship from the lowest point of the ship to the main deck.

• DRAFT -It is the height of the hull that is submerged in water. • BEAM - also known as breadth it is the total width of the ship from the starboard side to the port side • DISPLACEMENT (W) -is the weight of the ship, where the weight of the displaced water volume is equal to the weight of the ship. • DEADWEIGHT -It is the total weight of the ship including its contents like cargo, crew and etc. • GROSS TONNAGE -it is the total volume of enclosed spaces in the ship. From the cargo spaces, bridge, holds and any close areas. The gross tonnage is larger than net tonnage. • NET TONNAGE -is on the total volume of the cargo spaces • Buoyancy -is a force that is directed upwards which keep the ships up float. If the weight of the displaced fluid is equal to the weight of the ship. • Centre of Gravity (G) -Is lies at the centerline. It is a point where the total weight of the ship act. The force of the gravity is always directed downward. • Centre of Buoyancy (B) - Is lies at the centerline. It is a point where the centroid of the object immersed in water is located. It is where the total buoyancy acts. The force of the buoyancy is always direct up. • Metacentre (M) -it lies at the centreline. It is a point the moves within the centreline depending on the positioning on the ship. If the metacentre is above the

center of gravity it means the ship is stable, but if the metacentre is below the center of gravity it means that it is unstable and the ship will overturn....