Nematodes Characteristics PDF

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Summary

Warning: TT: undefined function: 32 Warning: TT: undefined function: 321Gio Treb V. RiveraA. In tabular form, classify the following nematodes as to:Ascaris lumbricoides TrichuristrichiuraEnterobiusvermicularisStrongyloidesstercoralisCommon NameGiant Intestinal roundworm/ eelwormwhipworm Pinworm/sea...

Description

1 Gio Treb V. Rivera A. In tabular form, classify the following nematodes as to:

Ascaris lumbricoides

Trichuris trichiura

Enterobius vermicularis

Strongyloides stercoralis

Common Name

Giant Intestinal roundworm/ eelworm

whipworm

Disease

Intestinal Ascariasis & Ascaris Pneumonitis.

Enterobiasis/ Oxyuriasis/ Pinworm infection “PRURITIS ANI” insomnia & restlessness. In some cases, GIT signs like pain, nausea & vomiting

Cochin-China Diarrhea/Vietnam Diarrhea /Strongyloidiasis diarrhea and occasionally pneumonitis

Habitat

Small intestine

Trichuriasis/ Whipworm infection / Trichocephaliasis inflammation with abdominal discomfort and diarrhea “RECTAL PROLAPSE” Large intestine

Large intestine

Small Intestine

Human

Human

Human, dogs, cats

None

None

None

Larval Stage (adult)

Eggs in perianal folds

Embryonated egg

Embryonated egg

Rhabditiform Larva can be found in feces and occasionally in sputum Filariform Larva

Ingestion of fully embryonated egg

Ingestion of fully embryonated egg

Human Definitive Host Intermediate None Host Diagnostic Larval Stage (adult) Stage Infective Stage

Embryonated egg

Ingestion of fully Mode of Transmission embryonated egg

Pinworm/seatworm

Threadworm

Larval Skin Penetration

2

Ancylostoma duodenale

Necator americanus

Ancylostoma braziliense (NON-HUMAN)

Ancylostoma caninum (NON-HUMAN)

Old World Hookworm

New World Hookworm

Cat Hookworm

Dog Hookworm

Hookworm Infection a) Skin at the site of entry. There is general allergic reaction known as GROUND ITCH, DEW ITCH or COOLIE ITCH b) Lungs. During larval migration, localized pneumonitis & eosinophilia may develop c) Small intestine which is the habitat of adult worms. Parasites starts to ingeste blood. There can be occult bleeding from intestinal mucosa. MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA

Hookworm Infection a) Skin at the site of entry. There is general allergic reaction known as GROUND ITCH, DEW ITCH or COOLIE ITCH b) Lungs. During larval migration, localized pneumonitis & eosinophilia may develop c) Small intestine which is the habitat of adult worms. Parasites starts to ingeste blood. There can be occult bleeding from intestinal mucosa. MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA

CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANS or CREEPING ERUPTION

CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANS or CREEPING ERUPTION

Habitat

Small Intestine

Small Intestine

Small Intestine

Small Intestine

Definitive Host Intermediate Host Diagnostic Stage Infective Stage Mode of Transmission

Humans

Humans

Cat

dogs

None

Pigs

None

none

Eggs in feces

Eggs in feces

Eggs in feces

Eggs in feces

Filariform Larva

Filariform Larva

Filariform Larva

Filariform Larva

Larval Skin Penetration

Larval Skin Penetration

Penetration of filariform larva into human skin

Penetration of filariform larva into human skin

Common Name Disease

3

Trichinella spiralis Common Name Disease

Habitat

Definitive Host Intermediate Host Diagnostic Stage Infective Stage

Capillaria hepatica

“Pork Muscle Roundworm” or “Trichina Worm” “Trichinosis” or “Trichinelliasis” a) Intestinal involvement b) Larval migration c) Muscle encystment

Calodium hepaticum

chronic diarrhea and a Gurgling stomach

Adult worm lives in the small intestine while larva encyst on striated muscle Human

liver

small intestine

Human

Human

Human, carnivorous and omnivorous animals Encysted larva in striated muscle Encysted larva

None

fresh water fish

Larval Stage (adult)

Larval Stage (adult)

Embryonated egg

Embryonated egg

ingestion of encysted larva Ingestion of fully from inadequately cooked embryonated egg pork B. Differentiating points of A. duodenale, A. caninum, N. americanus, S. stercoralis

Ancylostoma duodenale

Classification of Adult Female according to Life stages Oral Structures

“Pudoc Worm”

acute or subacute hepatitis with peripheral leukocytosis and eosinophilia, hepatomegaly, and persistent fever

Mode of Transmission

Life Cycle

Capillaria philippinensis

Necator americanus

Ancylostoma caninum

Egg embryonate and hatch on soil, larva undergoes lung migration

Oviparous

Morphology of Rhabditiform Larva

gums, but recently 3 pairs of teeth found out that it has 1 pair of teeth; 2 cutting plates Length is 250um - Resembles those of Strongyloides - With long buccal cavity and has a small genital primodium

Morphology of Filariform Larva

Length is 700um - With short esophagus and with poited tail Sheathed

2 pairs of teeth

Capillariasis or Mystery Disease

Ingestion of fully embryonated egg

Strongyloides stercoralis Undergoes 3 different cycles: 1. Direct 2. Indirect 3. Autoinfection Ovoviparous

Has a short buccal cavity with 4 indistinct lips. - S. stercoralis has a short buccal cavity ahd has a large genital primordium Longer esophagus and with distinct left at the tip of the tail - “Notched tail end” - Unsheathed...