OHMS LAW - lab report on ohms law PDF

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lab report on ohms law...

Description

V=IR-

Introduction Ohms law states that for any circuit, the electric current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance offered by the circuit. It allows us to mathematically calculate, the resistor needed to produce a specific current. It is the fundamental law of electrical engineering and has a diverse range of practical applications. For instance, this law guides us in the way we design electronic devices, the selection of fuses, sizing of resistors in consumer electronics, and so on.

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Materials Required 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Set of resistors PASCO data collection software Voltage sensor Current sensor Set of wires

Setup

1. Connect the voltage leads across a battery. The sensor measures the voltage between the positive and the negative leads. 2. To measure the current, use the patch cords to insert the sensor into the circuit. The sensor measures the current flowing through the circuit.

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Capstone Setup

1. Open the capstone software. 2. Select a graph from the top right corner and drag it to the center of the page. 3. Label the y-axis as the voltage and the x-axis as the current. 4. Click the ‘preview’ button to start collecting data. 5. Click the ‘keep’ button to save your data. 6. Click the ‘Signal Generator’ button and select the Output you are using. 7. Change the Wave form to ‘DC’.

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General Overview of the Procedure After completing the device setup and capstone setup, 1. Note down the theoretical value of each resistors. 2. Set the voltage to 0 V. 3. Click the ‘keep’ button. 4. Repeat step 1 and 2 till you gather the data till 10 V. 5. Repeat step 1, 2, and 3 for both the series connection and parallel connection. 6. From the graph, note down the slope for both the series and parallel connection. The slope of the Voltage vs. Current graph gives the experimental value of the resistors. 7. Compare the theoretical value with the experimental value of the resistors.

Challenge

Connect the three resistors in a way that the computed experimental value of resistance is somewhere between the value computed using the series and parallel connection.  Record the data.  Provide evidences of your success such as graphs and pictures of your setup.

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Data and Analysis

First Resistor Color Code Orange-Grey-Brown-Silver

Theoretical Value 390 Ω ± 10 %

Second Resistor Color Code Red-Purple-Brown-Silver

Theoretical Value 270 Ω ± 10 %

Third Resistor Color Code Green-Blue-Brown-Silver

Theoretical Value 560 Ω ± 10 %

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Series Connection

Theoretical Value of Resistance

1220 Ω

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Experimental Value of Resistance

Slope of the graph was 1250 Ω which is equal to the experimental value of resistance in series connection of the given resistors.

Assess: Since the value we got was more than that of parallel connection, it was reasonable.

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Parallel Connection

Theoretical Value of Resistance

124.17 Ω

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Experimental Value of Resistance

Slope of the graph was 124 Ω. Thus, we got the experimental value as 124 Ω which is very close to our theoretical value.

Assess: The total value of resistance in a parallel connection is always less than series connection. The value we got therefore seems reasonable.

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Challenge

In order to produce a resistance between the two setups, we connected two resistors in parallel with a third resistor in series. We ended up with a net resistance of 567 Ω.

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Conclusion Ohms law has governed the world of electrical engineering since its introduction centuries ago. V=IR is considered to be as important to the electrical engineers as 𝐸 = 𝑀𝐶 2 is to Physicists. The total value of resistance offered by a parallel connection is always less than that of a series connection. However, parallel connection has its own merits from a series connection.

Personal Learning Experience This lab was a productive one considering the many things I learned. For instance, I learned how to use PASCO software and how to complete a setup in order to find the resistance of given resistors. It was a productive practical lesson since I got a better comprehension of my theoretical knowledge.

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