P 5 - These are all notes from Psychology component 3 for either Mental Health, Criminal PDF

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These are all notes from Psychology component 3 for either Mental Health, Criminal or Environment. These class notes will cover the whole content. ...

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05.06.2017

Phobias

Anxiety disorders are disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety related to behavioural disturbances. According to the DSM 5 it is “the emotional response to a real or perceived imminent threat” however anxiety can be defined as “anticipation of a future threat”. Whilst the two are often experienced together there is a lot of overlap in the experience of these two emotions.

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Separation Anxiety Disorder Selective Mutism Specific Phobias Social Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder Panic Attack Specifier Agoraphobia Generalised Anxiety Disorder Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder Anxiety Disorder due to Another Medical Condition

A phobia is an extreme fear of something such as snakes.

Ornithophobia Birds Peladophobia Baldness Coulrophobia Clowns Alektorophobia Chickens Xanthophobia Colour Yellow Nyctophobia The Dark Latrophobia Doctors Pteronophobia Feathers Trypanophobia Injections Athazagoraphobia Forgetting/Forgotten Eisoptrophobia Mirrors Epistaxiophobia Nosebleeds Thalassophobia Sea or Sea Travel Germaphobia Germs and Bacteria Nomophobia No Mobile Phone Coverage Trypophobia Holes ICD 10 and DSM V Criteria for Specific Phobia:

DSM V      

Fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation The phobia object or situation is actively avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the specific object or situation to the sociocultural context The fear, anxiety or avoidance is persistent, typically lasting for 6 months or more The fear, anxiety or avoidance caused clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning The disturbance is not better explained by symptoms of another mental disorder

05.06.2017

ICD 10  

Persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid Either: o Marked fear of a specific object or situation not included in agoraphobia or social phobia o Marked avoidance of such objects or situations

1. Describe the clinical characteristics of an anxiety disorder [5] Anxiety disorders are disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety related to behavioural disturbances. An example of an anxiety disorder is specific phobias, which is the fear and anxiety of a specific object or situation and is the actively avoided context where it will affect everyday life. One example of a phobia is germaphobia, which is the fear of germs and the obsession of being clean. This means that the individual is constantly washing their hands and will remove themselves from a situation where numerous germs are present e.g. a hospital. Another phobia is peladophobia, which is the fear of going bald and the fear of someone being bald. This means that the individual will take extra precautions with their hair and may avoid people that are bald. Thalassophobia is a fear of the sea or sea travel and an individual with this condition will stay away from the sea and not travel by boat.

2. Compare the criteria for an anxiety disorder in both the DSM 5 and ICD 10 [8] The ICD criteria states that the fear is irrational whereas DSM doesn’t. Also, the DSM describes it as a fear of an object or situation but the ICD criteria describes it as a fear of specific objects, activities or situations. Both say about how the individuals will avoid the situation. The DSM gives a time frame as to how long the phobia has occurred whereas the ICD does not. Also, the ICD states that agoraphobia isn’t included but the DSM doesn’t. The DSM also states that it will affect everyday life and the way an individual lives but the ICD doesn’t. The DSM is much more specific and detailed but the ICD criteria is very vague and small which could mean that it would be harder to identify a phobia with the ICD 10 criteria as it is vague so may not give you a clear diagnosis....