Passive sentences. Causative. Impersonal passive. PDF

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Summary

This is a board in which different uses of passive is explained so students can have a general view about this topic. It includes passive with one object, with two objects and also causative form and impersonal passive form....

Description

PASSIVE Passive I Active:

Subject + active verb+ object+ complement Susan broke the lamp with the stick yesterday.

Passive:

Object+ passive verb+ by agent + complement. The lamp was broken by Susan wth the stick yesterday.

Passive II Active: Passive 2 tipos

Subject + active verb + direct object + indirect object + complement. Susan will send a message to students tomorow after classes. Passive: 1. Indirect object+ passive verb+ direct object + by agent+ commplement. (more common) Students will be sent a message by Susan tomorrow after classes. Passive: 2. Direct object + passive verb+ indirect object + by agent + complement The message will be sent to students by Susan tomorow after classes.

Passive III IMPERSONAL Active: Passive: two types.

Subject + say/believe/consider/report/claim….+ (that) Subject + verb+ rest of the sentence. Impersonal constrution: It + passive verb+ resto of the sentence. Infinitive construction: Subordinate subject+ main ver in passive form+ to infinititive of the subordinate verb+ rest of the sentence.

Examples: Active People say that taxes are very high this year

Passive It is said that taxes are very high this year. / Taxes are said to be very high this hear.

They believe that taxes were very high that year It is believed that taxes were very high that year./ Taxes are believed to have been very high that year. People know that taxes will be high this year It is known that taxes will be high this year. / Taxes are known to be high this year. People consider that taxes are increasing this year. It is considered that taxes are increasing this year. / Taxes are considered to be increasing this year. People consider that taxes increased that year. It is considered that taxes increased that year./ Taxes are considered to have increased that year. Passive IV CAUSATIVE – HAVE/ GET SOMETHING DONE Se utiliza cuando alguien hace una acción por nosotros. Por ejemplo, si decimos “Pintaré mi casa la próxima semana” y lo que quiero decir es que alguien me la va a pintar, tendré que utilizar la estructura de causativo. Cómo se construye esta estructura: Verbo de la acción realizada Persona que se beneficia de Have / get en el tiempo correspondiente de la Objeto sobre el que recae la Resto de la la acción acción del verbo oración. acción. (“get” more informal use) en forma de past participle I have my hair cut every month (me corto el pelo todos los meses) es decir, alguien me lo corta todos los meses. I had my hair cut last week (me corté el pelo ayer), es decir, alguien me lo cortó. I will have my hair cut tomorrow (me cortaré el pelo mañana) , es decir, alguien me lo cortará. I have had my hair cut this week (me he cortado el pelo esta semana, es decir, alguien me lo ha cortado. I am having my hair cut now (me están cortando el pelo, es decir, alguien me lo está cortando)....