Past Question paper for Internet and its applications PDF

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INTERNET AND IT’S APPLICATIONS (University Question Paper with Answers / B.Com., & BBA) 1. What is Internet? A global computer network - providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols. 2. Mention different parts of a computer. i. Input device (Keyboard, Mouse) ii. Output device (Monitor) iii. Central Processing Unit (CPU) a. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) b. Control Unit iv. Memory 3. What is web browser? A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for accessing information on the World Wide Web. When a user requests a particular website, the web browser retrieves the necessary content from a web server and then displays the resulting web page on the user's device. Example for web Browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox 4. Define – URL URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, and is used to specify addresses on the World Wide Web. A URL is the fundamental network identification for any resource connected to the web (Example: hypertext pages, images, and sound files).

5. What is email? Short for electronic mail, e-mail or email is information stored on a computer that is exchanged between two users over telecommunications. More plainly, e-mail is a message that may contain text, files, images, or other attachments sent through a network to a specified individual or group of individuals. The first e-mail was sent by Ray Tomlinson in 1971.

6. Define the term – Instance Messaging. Instant messaging (IM) technology is a type of online chat that offers real-time text transmission over the Internet. A LAN messenger operates in a similar way over a local area network. Short messages are typically transmitted between two parties, when each user chooses to complete a thought and select "send". Example: Whatsapp, Messenger, Viber etc.

7. Define – XHTML. XHTML stands for eXtensible HyperText Markup Language. It is a cross between HTML and XML language. XHTML is almost identical to HTML but it is stricter than HTML. XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application. It is supported by all major browsers. 8. What are forms in XHTML? Forms are a popular way to make a web page interactive. A web form is a page which contains various elements like text fields, check boxes, radio buttons etc. that has to be input by the user. 9. What is e-marketing? E-Marketing E-marketing is the process of marketing a product or service using the Internet. Emarkerting not only includes marketing on the Internet, but also includes marketing done via e-mail and wireless media. It uses a range of technologies to help connect businesses to their customers.

10. Define CRM Customer relationship management (CRM) is a technology for managing all your company's relationships and interactions with customers and potential customers. ... A CRM system helps companies stay connected to customers, streamline processes, and improve profitability. 11. (A) Discuss on different types of Programming Languages.

A programming language is a vocabulary and set of grammatical rules for instructing a computer or computing device to perform specific tasks. The term programming language usually refers to high-level languages, such as BASIC, C, C++, COBOL, Java, FORTRAN, Ada, and Pascal. Each programming language has a unique set of keywords (words that it understands) and a special syntax for organizing program instructions.

High-level programming languages, while simple compared to human languages, are more complex than the languages the computer actually understands, called machine languages. Each different type of CPU has its own unique machine language. Lying between machine languages and high-level languages are languages called assembly languages. Assembly languages are similar to machine languages, but they are much easier to program in because they allow a programmer to substitute names for numbers. Machine languages consist of numbers only. Lying above high-level languages are languages called fourthgeneration languages (usually abbreviated 4GL). 4GLs are far removed from machine languages and represent the class of computer languages closest to human languages. Regardless of what language you use, you eventually need to convert your program into machine language so that the computer can understand it. There are two ways to do this:

1) Compile the program. 2) Interpret the program.

(B) Describe the terms – JavaScript and .NET JavaScript: is the most widely used client-side programming language that lets you supercharge your HTML with interactivity, animation and dynamic visual effect for better User Interface and User Experience (UI/UX). It is: A small, lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform, specialpurpose scripting language meant to be run under a host environment (typically a web browser). A client-side scripting language to enrich web user-interfaces and create dynamic web pages (e.g., form input validation, and immediate response to user's actions). JavaScript works together with HTML/CSS. HTML provides the contents (or structure); CSS specifies the presentation; and JavaScript programs the behavior. Together, they enrich the User Interface of the web users. .NET (pronounced DOT NET)

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The .NET Framework supports building and running of next gen of applications and XML Web services. There are four main principles of .NET from the perspective of the user: It erases the boundaries between applications and the Internet. Instead of interacting with an application or a single Web site, .NET will connect the user to an array of computers and services that will exchange and combine objects and data. Software will be rented as a hosted service over the Internet instead of purchased on a store shelf. Essentially, the Internet will be housing all your applications and data. Users will have access to their information on the Internet from any device, anytime, anywhere. There will be new ways to interact with application data, such as speech and handwriting recognition. .NET depends on four Internet standards: HTTP

 XML  SOAP  UDDI 12.

(A) List any three features of Internet Explorer.  Changing the Home Page: If you find that you make a beeline to the same Web page every time you get online, you might want to make it your home page. The home page is the page that appears as soon as you open your browser.  Using Favorites: When you find a Web page that you want to return to frequently, you may want an easy way to get back to it. Internet Explorer provides you a place to save those Web pages  Using RSS Feeds: Many Web sites, such as blogs or news sites, frequently update content for their readers. While you could add the Web site as a favorite in Internet Explorer’s Favorite Center, you may find it easier to subscribe to the site’s RSS feed. RSS stands for Really Simple Syndication. It provides a simple way for Web publishers to automatically distribute the content on their Web site. That content may include: Articles Pictures Video, or Audio, such as podcasts. When you subscribe to an RSS feed, Internet Explorer downloads new content as it is posted. So, if you subscribe to several feeds, you can check them all and view only the content that you want to view.  Using Browsing History: Let’s say you found a great Web site yesterday on custom-built ice sculptures. It would make a wonderful anniversary gift, but you can’t remember the Web address. Internet Explorer saves the history of your Web browsing for just such an occasion.

(B)

Write a short note on FTP FTP (file transfer protocol) programs enable you to copy files from one computer to another. The computer on which

you run FTP is referred to as the local computer, and the computer from which you receive or to which you send a file is referred to as the remote computer. In order for files to be received and sent, FTP programs must be available on both the local and remote computers. The local FTP is often referred to as the client program, and the FTP running on the remote computer is often referred to as the server program. The operating systems on the local and remote computers need not be the same. How to use FTP? Graphical FTP clients Graphical FTP clients simplify file transfers by allowing you to drag and drop file icons between windows. When you open the program, enter the name of the FTP host (for example, ftp.microsoft.com) and your username and password. If you are logging into an anonymous FTP server, you may not have to enter anything. Web browser You can use a web browser to connect to FTP addresses exactly as you would to connect to HTTP addresses. Using a web browser for FTP transfers makes it easy for you to browse large directories and read and retrieve files. Your web browser will also take care of some of the details of connecting to a site and transferring files. While this method is convenient, web browsers are often slower and less reliable and have fewer features than dedicated FTP clients. To use your web browser to connect to an FTP site such as ftp.empire.gov, where you normally enter a URL, enter: ftp://[email protected]/

13.

(A) Explain the method of creating an email ID.

Let us assume that the email id is created in Google’s Gmail service. Following steps need to be followed for creating an email ID: 1. Go to www.gmail.com.

2.Click Create account.

3. The signup form will appear. Follow the directions and enter the required information.

4. Review Google's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy, click the check box, then click Next step.

5. Here, you'll have an opportunity to set up recovery options. Recovery options are helpful if you forget your password or if someone tries to access your account. If you don't want to set up recovery options at this time, click Done.

6. Your account will be created, and the Google welcome page will appear.

(B) Discuss on the way of attaching files in email. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

On your computer, go to Gmail.. Click Compose. At the bottom, click Attach . Choose the files you want to upload. Click Open.

Tip: Add an image by dragging it directly into the compose window. Remove an attachment: To the right of the attachment name, click Close . 14. (A) Describe the method of creating Hyperlinks in XHTML. Hyperlinks, commonly referred to as links, are references to resources on a file system. Links have three components:  Destination  label and  target.

The destination specifies the type of resource represented by the link. Destinations can include images, sound files, movies, or other Web pages. The label is the part the user sees and clicks on to reach the destination. The target, which is often omitted or implicit, is where the destination will be displayed. For example, the target could be a named window or a new window. Creating links Syntax: To create a link, use the anchor element (a). For more information, search for it on Google. In the example above, the href (hypertext reference) attribute specifies the destination – http://www.google.com. The label is the text between the begin- and end-anchor elements – Google. Relative versus absolute paths Relative URLs refer to resources relative to the current Web page that are within the Web page's domain. Absolute URLs refer to Web content outside of your Web page's domain. An absolute address must include an Internet protocol (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS, FTP). For example, the following link may not work properly because the destination, www.google.com, is outside the host domain, http://www.programmingisfun.net. This is possibly a bad way to link to Google. To compare relative and absolute addresses, suppose you are creating a markup file named index.html. The file is stored in the languages directory within the

www.programmingisfun.net domain. To link to another Web page within the languages directory, there are two alternatives:

FORTRAN The first method is preferred because of the shorter path length. Additionally, if the name of the directory changes from languages to langs, the relative link will continue to function; however, the absolute link will be broken. To access URLs in other directories, the .. (dot-dot) operator is useful for going up one level in the file system hierarchy. Suppose there is an examples directory on the same level as languages, and you want to link to something in that directory from languages/index.html. FORTRAN arrays Tips for using links: Link labels should be short. In other words, don't use an entire sentence as a link label. The label Click here should be avoided in favor of more descriptive text. (B) Explain the way of creating Lists in XHTML. Lists are common elements of most Web pages – lists of links, lists of items, or lists as a table of contents for an entire Web site. Three types of lists: unordered, ordered, and definition lists. Unordered and ordered lists Unordered lists An unordered list is a collection of items where the order of appearance is not important (e.g., a bulleted list). Two XHTML

elements are used to construct an unordered list: ul and li (list item). The ul element denotes the beginning of an unordered list. The list itself is composed of li elements. Fun Programming Languages Java C Perl .NET? This is how the text may appear in the browser.

Fun Programming Languages  Java  C  Perl  .NET? The default marker type for unordered list items is a solid, round bullet; however, the marker type can be altered with cascading style sheets. Ordered lists An ordered list is a collection of items that are numbered. The ol element is used to define an ordered list, and again, the li element defines the list members. Steps for using a fun programming language to solve a problem:

Think about the problem Describe the algorithm in pseudocode Implement the algorithm Test and refactor as needed Deploy application Collect paycheck

This is how the text may appear in the browser. 1. Steps for using a fun programming language to solve a problem: 2. Think about the problem 3. Describe the algorithm in pseudocode 4. Implement the algorithm 5. Test and refactor as needed 6. Deploy appplication 7. Collect paycheck The default marker type for ordered lists is Arabic numbers (e.g., 1., 2., 3.); however, style sheets can control the marker type. To start the list numbering at a specific value, use the start attribute of the ol element. Additionally, the value attribute of li can be used to modify the numbering within the list. Any subsequent list items are affected by the value change. For example, if the value attribute specifies that the list element is 4, the next element will be 5.

The first item is 'four' This item is 'five' Now things are really confusing! This item is now two

Here is how the text may appear in the browser. 4. The first item is four 5. This item is five 1. Now things are really confusing! 2. This item is now two

15. (A) Discuss on Credit Card Payment System. A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts plus the other agreed charges. The card issuer (usually a bank) creates a revolving account and grants a line of credit to the cardholder, from which the cardholder can borrow money for payment to a merchant or as a cash advance. A credit card is different from a charge card, which requires the balance to be repaid in full each month. In contrast, credit cards allow the consumers to build a continuing balance of debt, subject to interest being charged. A credit card also differs from a cash card, which can be used like currency by the owner of the card. A credit card differs from a charge card also in that a credit card typically involves a third-party entity that pays the seller and is reimbursed by the buyer, whereas a charge card simply defers payment by the buyer until a later date. (B) Write Short Note on Electronic Advertising. Electronic Advertising and marketing is the use of digital technologies to produce your marketing messages and to permit your clients to interact with your small business.

Ordinarily marketing has been about pushing your messages to your customer. With technologies, now you can enter into a dialogue with your clients and produce what they in fact want and not want you feel they want. Usually there is quite a gap and digital marketing is what lets you to converse a single to a single with your clients and on a mass scale. 16.

Explain briefly the history of Internet.

Following is the brief timeline of history of internet:

1960s The internet as we know it doesn’t exist until much later, but internet history starts in the 1960s. In 1962, MIT computer scientist J.C.R. Licklider comes up with the idea for a global computer network. He later shares his idea with colleagues at the U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Work by Leonard Kleinrock, Thomas Merrill and Lawrence G. Roberts on packet-switching theory pioneers the way to the world’s first wide-area computer network. Roberts later goes on to publish a plan for the ARPANET, an ARPA-funded computer network that becomes a reality in 1969. Over the following years, the ARPANET grows. 1970s n 1973, Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf collaborate to develop a protocol for linking multiple networks together. This later becomes the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), a

technology that links multiple networks together such that, if one network is brought down, the others do not collapse. While working at Xerox, Robert Metcalfe develops a system using cables that allows for transfer of more data over a network. He names this system Alto Aloha, but it later becomes known as Ethernet. Over the next few years, Ted Nelson proposes using hypertext to organize network information, and Unix becomes popular for TCP/IP networks. Tom Truscott and Steve Bellovin develop a Unix-based system for transferring data over phone lines via a dial-up connection. This system becomes USENET. 1980s Dave Farber of the University of Delaware reveals a project to build an inexpensive network using dial-up phone lines. In 1982, the PhoneNet system is established and is connected to ARPANET and the first commercial network, Telenet. This broadens access to the internet and allows for email communication between multiple nations of the world. In 1981, Metcalfe’s company 3Com announces Ethernet products for both computer workstations and personal computers; this allows for the establishment of local area networks (LANs). Paul Mockapetris, Jon Postel and Craig Partridge create the Domain Name system, which uses domain names to manage the increasing number of users on the internet. In 1985, the first domain is registered: symbolics.com, a domain belonging to a computer manufacturer. 1990s In 1990, ARPANET is decommissioned. Tim Berners-Lee and his colleagues at CERN develop hypertext markup language (HTML) and the uniform resource locator (URL), giving birth to the first incarnation of the World Wide Web. A watershed year for the internet comes in 1995: Microsoft launches Windows 95; Amazon, Yahoo and eBay all launch; Internet Explorer launches; and Java is created, allowing for animation on websites and creating a new flurry of internet activity. In 1996, Congress passes the Communications Decency Act in an effort to combat the growing amount of objectionable material on the internet. John Perry Barlow responds with an essay, A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace. Google is founded in 1998. In 1999, the music and video piracy controversy intensifies with the launch of Napster. The first internet virus capable of copying and sending itself to a user’s address book is discovered in 1999. 2000s

2000 sees the rise and burst of the dotcom bubble. While myriad interne...