Pc Hardware - notes PDF

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Pc HardwareDumb Termnial- sits and gets information from a server Post- Power on self test, hardware is present to search the computer kind of like a diagnosis D.D.R- Double Data Rate, talks about the Bus on how memory is read. Cache- allows cpu to process information alot quicker 2 typesL2 L1Better to have higher cache because it doesn’t need a Bus to access ram N.A.S- Network Attached Storage In Windows 8, which tool enables you to set up hard drives, manage devices, test system performance, and much more - Admin Tools All KDE-based distros provide everything you need to work on the system from the _______________ menu. -Kickoff In macOS, what launch point provides access to the tools needed to perform services on a Mac beyond what's included in System Preferences, including Activity Monitor and Terminal?- Utillites FolderAn essential tool in Linux for technicians is the command line, called _______________. - Terminal In macOS, what launch point provides access to almost all the settings needed to administer a macOS system? - System Pref In Windows 8, which tool enables you to set up hard drives, manage devices, test system performance, and much more? - Admin Tools How many directory structures for program files are created by the 64-bit edition of Windows?- 2 How can you easily clear CMOS settings and change them back to factory defaults? Every time you press a key on your keyboard, a scanning chip in the keyboard notices which key you pressed. Then the scanner sends a coded pattern of ones and zeros—called the scan code Many CMOS setup menus allow changes to the CPU and RAM, which supports _______________. Overclocking One of the most common uses of TPMs is _______________ hard drive encryption The ____Post___________ program checks out the system every time the computer boots. Post- Power on Self Test

What happens when a POST error occurs before a video is available? Beeps Which chip stores information that describes specific device parameters? Where are device drivers stored?Hard Drive Which component handles the interconnection between most devices and the CPU? PCH What advanced BIOS feature offers support for multiple software-based machines? Virtualization support The process of inserting a removable disk of some sort (usually a USB thumb drive) containing an updated BIOS file is called Flashing the BIOS An Admin Password locks or unlocks access to the system setup utility While replacing the coin battery on the motherboard, how are CMOS settings retained? Leave Pc plugged into an ac outlet While replacing the coin battery on the motherboard, how are CMOS settings retained? System Rom What BIOS feature allows a PC to boot without any local storage by retrieving an OS from a server over a network? PXE After a computer is turned on and power supply circuitry tests are completed, which electrical component "wakes up" first? CPU The computer is beeping constantly after you have booted it. What is the likely cause of the problem? Ram Which features/restrictions does UEFI support? It allows booting to drives larger than 2.2 TB. The keyboard controller has its own Codebook

Several lines at the end of POST are used to find the operating system. What is this code called? Bootstrap Loader Most modern systems have only two beep codes to indicate something is wrong. What are they? One long beep followed by two or three short beeps and a continuous set of short beeps What are programs stored on ROM chips called? Firmware Where does a video card store its BIOS? Option ROM The _______________ extends the data bus to every device on the PC. chipset What is the term for firmware-based security features that can track the PC's location if it is stolen? LoJacked One billion cycles per second is equivalent to _______________. 1 GHZ What chip, in modern CPUs, optimizes the flow of information into and out of the CPU? IMC What cache was historically on the motherboard, but now often comes on the CPU? L2 In _______________, the cores in multicore CPUs to divide up work independently of the OS. multicore processing Which CPU is targeted at the mobile device platform? I3 Suppose the number of wires in a CPU's address bus is 20. What is the maximum amount of RAM the CPU can handle? 1,048,576 bytes What type of socket does not require any force when installing the processor with the socket? ZIF What is the biggest and slowest cache? L3

Newer CPUs process instructions and commands in what type of execution? Parallel Four bits make up a Nibble Which type of processor is sometimes integrated with the CPU to handle certain tasks more efficiently, such as video processing? GPU How many clock cycles does the CPU require to act on a command? At Least 2 Which cache on the CPU is used first? L1 What typically connects a CPU to RAM? MCC No CPU ever made has fewer than _______________ stages, but advancements in caching have increased the number of stages over the years. Four What performance-enhancing technique usually voids most manufacturers' warranties? OVERCLOCKING What results from a catastrophic error on a PC? Windows Stop Error A sudden CPU shutdown usually indicates what condition? Overheating Which type of socket package do Intel processors use? LGA Which component stores the data that the CPU actively uses? Rsm What are the usual dimensions of a microATX motherboard? 9.6 × 9.6 inches Which term refers to industry-standardized shapes and layouts that enable motherboards to work with cases and power supplies? Form factors Which port is considered to be a newer video port? HDMI The motherboard mounts to the case via small connectors called _______________.

Standoffs Which ATX form factor is essentially no longer in use? FlexATX A 200-MHz motherboard has its chipset chips all timed by a _______________ crystal. 200 MHZ The acronym RAID stands for _______________. redundant array of independent disks What is the most common PCIe slot size used for video cards? The 16-lane (×16) version _______________, which are included on the motherboard, are lights that have positive and negative sides. LEDS Which term refers to the millions of incorrectly formulated bulging capacitors that made it into computers in the mid-2000s and then failed at high rates? Distended capacitors Each pair of wires between a PCIe controller and a device is called a(n) _______________. Lane Flashing the BIOS entails running a small command-line program to write a new BIOS in the flash _______________ chip. ROM Flashing the BIOS entails running a small command-line program to write a new BIOS in the flash _______________ chip. 32 Bits Riser cards on some proprietary systems plug into a unique socket or slot on the motherboard. These are also called _______________. Daughter Boards Smallest motherboard in ATX Standard ? FlexATX

What is the latest, fastest, and most popular expansion bus in use today?PCIe A(n) _______________ symptom is the most difficult symptom to diagnose. ethereal

Many motherboards have a port for connecting to audio jacks on the front of the case, which is an example of a(n) _______________. Front Panel Connector How many wires does a PCIe connection use for sending and receiving data? 1 for sending one for receiving The AT form factor is now obsolete Which command-line tool displays all the files and folders in a specific directory? Dir Windows 10 provides a very powerful command-line interface, called _______________, which offers a much deeper set of command-line utilities as well as support for power scripting. Powershell How many directory structures for program files are created by the 64-bit edition of Windows? Two What does the final version of Windows 8.1 use for the default interface? Desktop In the macOS operating system, what is the background of the main screen called? The desktop What are the three major components in a modern computer?Hardware, operating system, and applications In Windows 8/8.1, the _______________ is the go-to source for tech tools. Control Panel The first release of Windows 8 had no visible _______________ button on the Desktop (except in the Charms bar). Start Which tool enables you to copy any Unicode character into the Clipboard and paste into your document? Character Map You can click the Windows 10 Task View button to create and manage _______________for grouping your open applications. Multi Desktop All KDE-based distros provide everything you need to work on the system from the

_______________ menu. Kickoff Which term describes an operating system's software parts with which you can interact? UI USER INTERFACE Which device is a general-purpose computing device? Smartphone In Windows 8/8.1, what is displayed when a user drops the cursor to the bottom left corner when in the Start screen? Start button Windows 7 default browser ? IE Which term describes computers (e.g., Windows PC, macOS) with applications that allow a person to perform diverse tasks, from writing a book on CompTIA A+ certification to talking with someone, with full audio and video, on the other side of the world? Multipurpose Computers In Windows 8, which tool enables you to set up hard drives, manage devices, test system performance, and much more? Admin Tools In Windows 7, what is another name for the notification area that shows programs running in the background? System Tray In a Windows system, what would be the preferred download folder for applications for a user named Mike? C:\Users\Mike\Downloads An essential tool in Linux for technicians is the command line, called _______________. Terminal What type of voltage does a PC use? DC Modern power supplies have multiple _______________. Connectors Which unit is used to measure current? Ampere How should an electronic device be protected during an electrical storm? Unplug Device

Which unit is used to express the number of amps and volts needed by a particular device to function? WATT A coworker is taking a computer overseas and asks you what concerns he should have. What do you tell him? Make sure he switches the power supply to 230AC. Which tool uses the soft power feature? ATX How is DC voltage represented on multimeters? V with a solid line above a dashed line 33 The notches that guide installation in the Molex connector are called _______________. Chamfer Which Power Supply never turns off ? ATX What occurs when power cuts out completely? Black Out The standard modern power supply provides _______________ volts of power. 3.3, 5.0, and 12.0 Mini connectors (Berg connectors) are used for _______________ power. Peripheral Expansion bays must be covered by the ____ to maintain proper airflow inside the case Slot Cover What class of fire extinguisher should be used on an electrical fire? Class C Which is the latest ATX power supply standard? ATX12V 2.0 A surge suppressor should have a rating of at least 330v The pressure of the electrons in a wire is measured in units called _______________. Volts Which connector is the most common type of connector used for devices that require 5 V or 12 V of power? MOLEX

Which statement is true of computer cases? Power supplies come with a standard _______________ for the motherboard and interior devices. Connector What type of power connector is L-shaped? SATA Which type of wire carries no voltage? Neutral Most case fans have standard _______________ connectors that are easy to plug in but can be forced to be connected the wrong way. Molex How many watts of power does an Intel i7-4790K require at peak performance? 151 What should be the outputs of the hot, neutral, and ground wires, respectively, when tested with a multimeter? 115 V, 0 V, 0 V The _______________ power supply has a 24-pin main motherboard that resembles a 20pin ATX connector.EPS12V Pc doesnt work what should you check first ? If AC PLUGGED IN The largely extinct 3.5-inch floppy disk drive uses the _______________ connector. Mini If a power supply is smoking or heating up, what is the best action to take? Stop using it and replace ASAP In an IEC-320 plug, which wire carries electrical voltage? Hot Which industry group came up with a non-ATX standard motherboard and power supply called EPS12V? SSI Server System Infrastructure Which unit is used to measure resistance? OHM Large sags in electricity are also known as _______________. Brown Outs

Modern motherboards use a 20- or 24-pin _______________. F1 What UL rating is preferred for a surge suppressor? UL1449 A(n) _______________ power supply smooths out power coming from the wall before passing it to the main power supply circuits, which eliminates harmonics. Active PFC In the past, how much power was supplied by power supplies with 12-V rails? 18 amps Power supplies are rated for efficiency based on _______________ drawn to supply sufficient power to the PC. WATTS How many watts of power does a typical hard drive in a PC require? 15...