PEAT 5 - Review PDF

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Summary

A patient who sustained a right cerebrovascular accident presents with a flaccid left arm. During muscle testing, the patient is able to shrug the left shoulder. The MOST accurate explanation for shoulder movement is that the right cerebrovascular accident: has affected the right shoulder and not th...

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Practice Questions

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1)

A patient who sustained a right cerebrovascular accident presents with a flaccid left arm. During muscle testing, the patient is able to shrug the left shoulder. The MOST accurate explanation for shoulder movement is that the right cerebrovascular accident: 1. has affected the right shoulder and not the left shoulder. 2. did not affect the vagus nerve (X), which innervates the upper trapezius muscle. 3. did not affect spinal accessory nerve (XI), which innervates the upper trapezius muscle. 4. has affected the left biceps and triceps muscles but not the deltoid muscles.

2)

Manual muscle test grades are an example of which of the following levels of measurement? 1. Nominal 2. Ratio 3. Interval 4. Ordinal

3)

A physical therapist should anticipate that an abnormal lymph node will feel: 1. soft and nonmobile and have an increased skin temperature. 2. firm and nontender and have an increased skin temperature. 3. firm, mobile, and tender or nontender. 4. soft, mobile, and tender or nontender.

4)

A patient comes to physical therapy with the diagnosis of a medial meniscus tear of the right knee. Which of the following signs and symptoms is MOST indicative of this diagnosis? 1. Mechanical locking 2. Decreased pain with weight bearing 3. Posterior knee swelling 4. Atrophy of hamstrings

5)

A client who is participating in a weight-loss program has been walking 3 days/week for 15 minutes for the past 3 weeks. To progress the exercise program, which of the following modifications will MOST likely accomplish the weight-loss goal? 1. Maintain the current walking speed and increase the duration to 30 minutes. 2. Increase the walking speed and keep the duration at 15 minutes. 3. Walk 4 days/week and decrease the duration to 10 minutes. 4. Change from walking 3 days/week to jogging 1 day/week for 20 minutes.

6)

A 78-year-old patient who is being treated for osteoarthritis of the knees reports centralized lower thoracic pain and epigastric pain. The pain is relieved by eating. Which of the following steps would be MOST important in screening for the cause of the new symptoms? 1. Resist the iliopsoas muscle to screen for a psoas abscess. 2. Ask if the patient has been constipated or has had diarrhea. 3. Perform an abdominal examination to screen for an abdominal aortic aneurysm. 4. Ask if the patient is taking a high dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

7)

A patient who is re-learning the task of moving from sit to stand following traumatic brain injury is frustrated because of repeated failed attempts. To facilitate the patient’s success, a physical therapist should FIRST: 1. permit the patient to rest until the next physical therapy session and re-attempt the activity. 2. encourage the patient to visualize success with the task before resuming attempts. 3. provide incentive by holding a desired object for the patient to reach toward. 4. decrease the challenge of the task, so that the patient experiences success.

8)

A postural correction program for a patient with forward head, kyphosis, and increased lumbar lordosis should include all of the following EXCEPT: 1. strengthening the scapular protractors. 2. strengthening the thoracic erector spinae muscles. 3. lengthening the short suboccipital muscles. 4. lengthening the lumbar erector spinae muscles.

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Practice Questions

9)

A physical therapist is applying electrical stimulation to a patient with a neurapraxia. To minimize accommodation, the therapist should: 1. decrease the size of the stimulating electrode. 2. increase the pulse duration. 3. utilize a rapid rate of rise. 4. select a biphasic waveform.

10)

During examination of a patient, a physical therapist notes hypoventilation, muscular twitching, and increased deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following conditions is the MOST likely cause of the signs and symptoms? 1. Metabolic alkalosis 2. Metabolic acidosis 3. Respiratory alkalosis 4. Respiratory acidosis

11)

A patient is referred to physical therapy with a diagnosis of herniated nucleus pulposus. In addition to low back pain, examination findings include hypoesthesia, weakness, and diminished deep tendon reflexes in bilateral lower extremities. Which of the following types of incontinence is MOST likely to be associated with this presentation? 1. Urge 2. Overflow 3. Stress 4. Functional

12)

A physical therapist is working with a patient who had a total knee arthroplasty 2 days ago. The patient’s resting electrocardiogram is shown in strip A. While gait training, the patient’s electrocardiogram changes, as shown in strip B. Based on this finding, what is the BEST action for the therapist to take at this time? 1. Stop gait training and notify the nurse. 2. Continue gait training as the heart rate is less than 100 bpm. 3. Stop gait training and allow the patient to sit down and rest. 4. Continue gait training, but allow the patient standing rest breaks.

13)

A physical therapist is performing sit-to-stand transfer training with a patient in a hospital room. The patient is currently admitted for acute renal failure and has electrocardiogram monitoring in place. During the transfer training, the therapist notes new onset of one unsustained, unifocal premature ventricular contraction. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate for the therapist to take at this time? 1. Discontinue transfer training and call the nurse immediately. 2. Discontinue transfer training and switch to passive range-of-motion exercises. 3. Allow the patient to rest and continue with transfer training, while monitoring the electrocardiogram. 4. Allow the patient to rest and measure the patient’s blood pressure.

14)

When held in supported standing, a 14-month-old child with spastic diplegia is up on tiptoes with the toes curled. This position is characteristic of a: 1. proprioceptive placing reaction. 2. Moro reflex. 3. plantar grasp reflex. 4. traction response.

15)

A patient with multiple sclerosis is referred for physical therapy at home. The patient requires training in bathing, dressing, and eating, and use of adaptive devices may be needed to accomplish the training. The physical therapist should recommend that the patient be seen by a/an: 1. social worker. 2. orthotist. 3. occupational therapist. 4. home health nurse.

16)

As a patient progresses with physical therapy, which of the following changes in a home exercise program is MOST likely to increase the patient’s adherence to the program? 1. Add additional exercises to the home program. 2. Increase the intensity of the home exercises. 3. Increase the frequency of home exercise program execution. 4. Choose exercises that can be incorporated into daily activities. ae3772cf94599dddb0b56fcf9da8f333.doc

Practice Questions

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17)

A home health patient who recently had a three-vessel coronary artery bypass graft describes experiencing bilateral lower extremity swelling, leg pain, and shortness of breath, especially when lying down. The patient MOST likely has which of the following diagnoses? 1. Deep vein thrombosis 2. Myocardial infarction 3. Pulmonary embolism 4. Congestive heart failure

18)

Which of the following techniques is MOST appropriate for a patient with low postural tone? 1. Slow regular rocking while sitting on a treatment bolster 2. Continuous pressure to the skin overlying the back muscles 3. Low-frequency vibration to the back muscles 4. Joint approximation applied through the shoulders to the trunk

19)

Which of the following descriptions BEST represents the physical examination technique used to assess tissue hydration in the hand? 1. Pinch and lift the skin and determine the time for the skin to return to normal. 2. Push into the skin and determine the time for the skin to return to normal. 3. Measure the surface temperature over the volar aspect of the wrist. 4. Obtain volumetric measurements on each arm and compare displacement measures.

20)

A physical therapist is issuing a home exercise program to a patient. Which of the following strategies MOST ensures the patient’s proper adherence with the program? 1. Provide written instructions for the program. 2. Involve a family member in supervising the exercises. 3. Demonstrate the program to the patient while providing verbal instructions. 4. Have the patient perform the exercises under the guidance of the therapist.

21)

When training a patient to increase muscle activity with the use of electromyographic biofeedback, the physical therapist should adjust the unit so that sensitivity: 1. starts low and increases as the patient shows an increase in muscle activity. 2. starts high and decreases as the patient shows an increase in muscle activity. 3. remains at approximately mid-range during the entire treatment period. 4. is not set, since this adjustment is not necessary for this form of biofeedback.

22)

In a research study, the independent t-test was used as the statistical tool. How would statistically significant results be presented if alpha was set at .05? 1. p < .05 2. p > .05 3. r2 > .05 4. r2 < .05

23)

To manually assess a patient’s lower extremity circulation, a physical therapist should palpate the patient’s peripheral pulse at which of the following locations? 1. Dorsal foot, near the base of the first metatarsal 2. Lateral lower leg, just posterior to the fibular head 3. Lateral ankle, just inferior to the lateral malleolus 4. Plantar foot, just medial to the medial calcaneal tuberosity

24)

In which of the following conditions is a nerve conduction velocity test MOST appropriate? 1. Carpal tunnel syndrome 2. Cerebrovascular accident 3. Myotonia 4. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

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Practice Questions

25)

A positive finding in which of the following examinations is MOST consistent with a diagnosis of a herniated nucleus pulposus at L4– L5? 1. Straight leg raise at 25° 2. Straight leg raise at 75° 3. Straight leg raise at 45° 4. Prone knee flexion at 90°

26)

A patient with lower extremity claudication is exercising to the point of symptom production. Observation of the distal aspect of the patient’s skin is MOST likely to result in which of the following findings? 1. Edema 2. Hyperhydrosis 3. Hyperemia 4. Pallor

27)

Which of the following exercises should increase a patient’s shoulder lateral (external) rotation range of motion by contraction of the tight muscle? 1. Isotonic contraction of medial (internal) rotation followed by passive motion into medial (internal) rotation 2. Isometric hold resisting medial (internal) rotation followed by passive motion into medial (internal) rotation 3. Isometric hold resisting lateral (external) rotation followed by passive motion into medial (internal) rotation 4. Isometric hold resisting medial (internal) rotation followed by passive motion into lateral (external) rotation

28)

Which of the following community-based sport activities would LEAST likely be CONTRAINDICATED for a patient with osteoporosis? 1. Tai-chi 2. Golfing 3. Bicycling 4. Swimming

29)

Which of the following joints is indicated by the arrow in the radiograph?

1. 2. 3. 4. 30)

Tibiofibular Subtalar Talocrural Midtarsal

A physical therapist wants to use ultrasound for pain reduction. Ultrasound is CONTRAINDICATED for which of the following conditions? 1. Dermal ulcer 2. Herpes zoster 3. Thrombophlebitis 4. Surgical incision

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Practice Questions

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31)

During gait evaluation, a physical therapist notes that a patient demonstrates a shorter left step length and excessive left knee flexion during the left midstance phase. Which of the following problems is the MOST likely the cause of the gait dysfunction? 1. Left hamstrings contracture 2. Right iliopsoas weakness 3. Left hip flexion contracture 4. Right quadriceps weakness

32)

A physical therapist is performing a bladder retraining program with a patient who initially needed to urinate hourly. The patient has been progressed to voiding every 2 hours and now reports accomplishment of this goal with only a slight amount of incontinence between voiding. Which of the following recommendations is MOST appropriate? 1. Increase the voiding interval by 30 minutes. 2. Increase the voiding interval by 1 hour. 3. Maintain the voiding interval at 2 hours. 4. Decrease the voiding interval to 1.5 hours.

33)

A physical therapist notes that a patient has patches of dry, erythematous skin over the extensor surfaces of the elbows and knees, as well as bony enlargement of the distal interphalangeal joints. These findings are MOST associated with which of the following diagnoses? 1. Reiter syndrome 2. Psoriatic arthritis 3. Rheumatoid arthritis 4. Systemic lupus erythematosus

34)

For adequate documentation of physical therapy services for neurological patients, changes in which of the following factors are MOST important to record? 1. Muscle tone 2. Functional abilities 3. Cognitive status 4. Quality of movement

35)

A physical therapist, who is newly graduated, is initiating inpatient rehabilitation with a patient who is comatose. A relative of the patient asks the physical therapist to find a more experienced therapist to work with the patient. Which of the following responses is MOST appropriate for the physical therapist to provide to the patient’s relative? 1. Do you believe that I am not competent to help with the rehabilitation? 2. Are you concerned that I won’t be able to help your loved one recover? 3. I passed my licensure examination, which indicates that I can be effective. 4. Please allow me to work with this patient, and if you are still concerned, we can discuss changes.

36)

A physical therapist is reviewing peer-reviewed articles to find evidence to support a physical therapy intervention. Which of the following collections of studies would provide the BEST evidence? 1. Two randomized controlled trials 2. Three single-case controlled trials 3. One group-controlled trial and three case studies 4. One randomized controlled trial and three case studies

37)

A physical therapist evaluates a patient with back pain and determines that the patient’s pes planus is contributing to this pain. Which of the following orthotic interventions is MOST appropriate for the patient? 1. Metatarsal pad 2. Solid ankle-foot orthosis 3. Hinged ankle-foot orthosis 4. Longitudinal arch support

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Practice Questions

During the gait evaluation of a patient who has a transfemoral prosthesis, a physical therapist notices that the patient laterally bends excessively toward the prosthetic side during midstance phase. Which of the following factors is MOST likely to cause this gait deviation? 1. A prosthesis that is too short 2. A prosthetic socket that is too small 3. Inadequate prosthesis suspension 4. A locked knee unit A physical therapist examines a patient with multiple sclerosis who is in a period of exacerbation. The patient is independent with bed mobility, can sit unassisted at the edge of the bed, and requires physical assistance to stand with a walker. Which of the following interventions would have the HIGHEST priority? 1. Wheelchair propulsion up a 10-ft (3-m) ramp 2. Wheelchair transfers 3. Walking with an assistive device 4. Tub transfers

40)

A patient with a hiatal hernia is receiving physical therapy. Which of the following exercises would MOST likely worsen the symptoms related to the hernia? 1. Wall sits 2. Overhead press 3. Bilateral leg lifts 4. Hamstring stretch

41)

A physical therapist is designing a rehabilitation program for a patient with a recent diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. The therapist should anticipate that as the disease progresses, the patient is MOST likely to require: 1. special precautions for osteoporosis. 2. a wheelchair for community mobility. 3. assisted ventilation. 4. bilateral ankle-foot orthoses.

42)

A physical therapist is working with a patient who has multiple medical issues and has just finished chemotherapy. Which of the following tests is MOST appropriate to measure changes in this patient’s endurance over time? 1. 10-meter walk for time 2. 6-minute walk 3. Timed Up and Go 4. Maximum VO2 assessment

43)

A patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis completed a 6-minute walk test and demonstrates the following results: total walking distance of 1200 ft (366 m) in 6 minutes, heart rate of 82 to 110 bpm (pretest to posttest), blood pressure of 125/80 to 145/85 mm Hg (pretest to posttest), respiratory rate of 18 to 40 breaths/minute (pretest to posttest), and oxygen saturation of 98% to 92% (pretest to posttest); an electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm throughout the test. Based on these results, the physical therapist should determine that the patient has impaired: 1. aerobic capacity and endurance associated with cardiovascular pump dysfunction. 2. ventilation, respiration, and aerobic capacity associated with airway clearance dysfunction. 3. ventilation, respiration, aerobic capacity, and gas exchange associated with ventilatory pump dysfunction. 4. aerobic capacity and endurance associated with cardiovascular pump failure.

44)

During gait evaluation, a physical therapist notes that a patient demonstrates a shorter step length with the right lower extremity. Which of the following problems is the MOST likely the cause of the gait dysfunction? 1. Right iliopsoas contracture 2. Painful left knee 3. Decreased ankle pronation on the right 4. Left gluteus medius weakness

45)

Tibial rotation during knee motion is possible when the knee is positioned in 90° or more of flexion because in this position the: 1. condyles of the femur glide posteriorly on the condyles of the tibia. 2. hamstrings act as a rotating force. 3. patella deviates inferiorly. 4. tension on the ligaments is decreased. ae3772cf94599dddb0b56fcf9da8f333.doc

Practice Questions

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46)

While a patient is walking in the parallel bars, the physical therapist observes that the pelvis drops down on the side opposite the stance extremity. This gait deviation is an indication of weakness of the hip: 1. abductors of the swing extremity. 2. adductors of the swing extremity. 3. abductors of the stance extremity. 4. adductors of the stance extremity.

47)

A physical therapist is educating a patient on the use of a moist hot pack for home treatment. For the patient to prevent burns and still receive the benefits of superficial heat, which of the following heat application time frames is MOST appropriate? 1. 5 to 10 minutes 2. 20 to 30 minutes 3. 45 to 60 minutes 4. 61 to 90 minutes

48)

A physical therapist observes a patient from behind during bilateral shoulder abduction and notes that the patient’s right scapula is more abducted than the left scapula at the end range of movement. Which of the following conditions is the MOST likely cause of the altered scapula position on the right? 1. Tightness of the rhomboid major and minor 2. Weakness of the serratus anterior 3. Restricted motion of the glenohumeral...