PEX-04-02 - Physio Ex 9.1 PDF

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Physio Ex 9.1...

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Name: Steffany A. Rivera Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 2: Plasma Glucose, Insulin, and Diabetes Mellitus Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 5 out of 5 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following statements is false? You correctly answered: d. Insulin is a hormone secreted into the stomach to aid with starch digestion. 2. Which of the following statements is true? You correctly answered: d. All of these statements are true. 3. A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus implies that You correctly answered: b. the pancreas is not producing sufficient insulin. 4. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus implies that You correctly answered: c. the cells of the body are unresponsive to circulating insulin. 5. Glucagon is a hormone You correctly answered: b. that opposes the action of insulin.

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Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question: To measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample Your answer : a. the glucose concentration of the sample will be measured and the optical density will be extrapolated from the glucose standard curve. Stop & Think Questions: Why does the color in the tubes vary? You correctly answered: c. The tubes contain different amounts of glucose. Experiment Data:

Part 1

Part 2

Tube 1 2

Optical Density 0.30 0.50

Glucose (mg/deciliter) 30 60

3 4 5 1 2 3

0.60 0.80 1.00 0.73 0.79 0.89

90 120 150 104 115 133

4 5

0.83 0.96

122 144

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Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 66% by answering 4 out of 6 questions correctly. 1. A male patient has had successive fasting plasma glucose readings of 115, 110, and 122 mg/dl. The healthcare provider will inform him that Your answer: d. he needs more fasting plasma glucose tests because the range of these three values is too large to reach a conclusion. Correct answer: c. he appears to have impairment or borderline impairment of insulin-mediated glucose uptake by his cells. 2. To obtain an accurate spectrophotometric measurement of the glucose concentration in the sample Your answer: c. an enzymatic color reagent is added that digests and, thus, removes blood clots. Correct answer: d. heparin is added to prevent blood clots. 3. In the spectrophotometric assay used in this experiment, the __________ as the glucose concentration in the sample increases. You correctly answered: b. optical density increases 4. A female patient has had successive fasting plasma glucose readings of 130, 140, and 128 mg/dl. The healthcare provider will inform her that You correctly answered: a. she has developed diabetes. 5. To maintain plasma glucose homeostasis You correctly answered: d. insulin-mediated transport of glucose into cells acts as negative feedback when plasma glucose levels rise. 6. A laboratory technician withdraws a blood sample from a vein in your upper arm knowing that You correctly answered: b. the plasma glucose concentration will be the same in both the arm vein and the index finger.

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Review Sheet Results 1. What is a glucose standard curve, and why did you need to obtain one for this experiment? Did you correctly predict how you would measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample using the glucose standard curve? Your answer: The standart curve is a statistical tool that helps average the insulin conentration of various blood samples. It was needed for the experiment in order to have a base line for insulin levels. Yes, I correctly predicted it. 2. Which patient(s) had glucose reading(s) in the diabetic range? Can you say with certainty whether each of these patients has type 1 or type 2 diabetes? Why or why not? Your answer: Patients 3, 4 and 5. No you cannot, because both type 1 and type 2 diabetes have different mechanism that affect the metabolic pathway of insulin. 3. Describe the diagnosis for patient 3, who was also pregnant at the time of this assay. Your answer: The patient may have gestational diabietes. 4. Which patient(s) had normal glucose reading(s)? Your answer: Only patient 1 has normal glucose readings. 5. What are some lifestyle choices these patients with normal plasma glucose readings might recommend to the borderline impaired patients? Your answer: To reduce the consumption of food with high carbohydrates and to check their glucose levels more often, also to excercise.

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