Phil Exercises (Arguments, Explanations and Passages) PDF

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What to do when faced with an argument, explanations or passages...

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What to do when you see a passage: ● Count the number of statements (needs two to be an argument) ● Identify the point of the passage/state of affairs ● Look for clues, whether it’s an argument or an explanation ● Decide whether it’s argument or explanation If it’s an argument: ● Underline the state of affairs and put the premises in brackets If it’s an explanation: ● Put the reasoning in brackets A) The company lost a lot of money last year, so we are not getting a wage increase this year. ❖ The word “so” often indicates conclusions. ❖ It’s making a predict about the future, something that hasn’t happened yet is more controversial. C) The debt crisis in Greece is no mystery. Various studies, including one by the Federation of Greek Industries, have estimated that (the (Greece) government loses as much as $30 billion a year to tax evasion.) Two Statements ● Clarifying not justifying ● Trusting the studies information that Greece is infact in debt or not trusting the study and making that statement more controversial. D) Four Statements, a question cannot be a statement unless it’s rhetorical, it’s an argument. ● Questioning your own government, arguing about the internal issues and why it’s not being addressed. ● Use of strong language, e.g. “for years, ministers in charge, exc” K) Five Statements, advertisements are usually trying to convince/persuade you of something as an argument. E) Four statements,...