PHYS 273 NOTES INCLUDING test bank PDF

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Lesson 1 – Quiz1. The metric unit of energy is A Joule B. The BTU C. The calorie D. The electron volt2. Energy is A. Power B. A force of nature C. Amount of momentum D ability to do work3. The “c” in E=mc2 refers to A. An electric charge B. The mass of light C. Photons D speed of light4. The energy ...

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Lesson 1 – Quiz

1. The metric unit of energy is A. The Joule B. The BTU C. The calorie D. The electron volt

2. Energy is A. Power B. A force of nature C. Amount of momentum D. The ability to do work

3. The “c” in E=mc2 refers to A. An electric charge B. The mass of light C. Photons D. The speed of light

4. The energy due to the motion of atoms in a material is A. Chemical energy B. Thermal energy C. Nuclear energy D. Electrical energy E. Electromagnetic energy

5. You pick an apple up off the ground and lift it up one metre to the top of the table. Which of the following is true? A. You have increased the apple’s gravitational potential energy B. You have decreased the apple’s gravitational potential energy C. The apple’s gravitational potential energy has not changed D. There is not enough information to make a statement about the change in the apple’s gravitational potential energy.

6. Dino and Jake are out for a walk together pushing their strollers. They each exert the same force on their strollers. Dino walks twice as far as Jake A. Dino does twice as much work as Jake B. They do the same amount of work C. Jake does twice as much work as Dino D. Neither of them does any work

7. All electromagnetic radiation is visible light A. True B. False

8. Work is A. The transfer of energy B. A force C. Momentum D. A Beyoncé song

9. Saying “the electromagnetic spectrum” is the same as saying “visible light”. A. True B. False 10. If the temperature of an object of an object increases, the thermal energy A. Always increases B. Might increase C. Remains constant if nothing else changes about the object D. Might decrease

11. The energy due to an object’s motion is called A. Chemical energy B. Nuclear energy C. Kinetic energy D. Electrical energy E. Electromagnetic energy

12. If you double the speed of an object how does its kinetic energy change? A. Stay is the same B. It doubles C. It triples D. It quadruples 13. The energy carried by light is called A. Chemical energy B. Thermal energy C. Nuclear energy D. Kinetic energy E. Electrical energy F. Electromagnetic energy

14. A joule is A. The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius B. Not a commonly used unit of energy in science C. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one-degree Fahrenheit D. The work done by a one newton force acting over one meter 15. Mass being converted to energy is an example of A. Chemical energy B. Thermal energy C. Nuclear energy D. Electrical energy E. Electromagnetic energy

16. You try to pick up your mom’s car, but it is too heavy, and it doesn’t move. After you are very tired. Which is true? A. You did not work on the car because you didn’t apply a force B. You did not work on the car because it did not move C. You did work on the car, that is why you are tired D. You did work on the car, but the work is now gone because you have stopped

17. A calorie is A. The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius B. A unit of energy that only applies to food C. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one-degree Fahrenheit D. The work done by a one newton force acting over one meter

18. The sun’s energy reaches Earth in the form of A. Chemical energy B. Thermal energy C. Nuclear energy D. Kinetic energy E. Electrical energy F. Electromagnetic energy

Lesson 2 – Quiz

1. Home appliances that produce heat tend to be low power A. True B. False 2. A chair is sliding across a rough horizontal floor. The chair starts with 100J of kinetic energy and slows down and comes to a stop. What happened to the kinetic energy of the chair? A. Kinetic energy ever only lasts for short amounts of time. B. The kinetic energy was transformed into heat due to the friction with the floor. C. The kinetic energy was transformed into gravitational potential energy. D. The chair’s kinetic energy did not change.

3. According to the Law of Conservation of Energy if solar panels use the sun’s energy in Arizona, then there will be less solar energy for us in Canada. A. True B. False

4. Plants need light in order to grow. They use the process of photosynthesis for this. What is the energy transfer involved? A. Electromagnetic → Chemical B. Nuclear → Thermal C. Electromagnetic → Thermal D. Chemical → Electromagnetic 5. For the Law of Conservation of Energy, we must turn off lights, heaters, etc., when we leave the house. A. True B. False

6. Which of the following is closest to being an isolated system? A. An ice cube sitting on a table outside in the summer. B. An electric heater. C. A very well insulated, opaque cooler.

D. The sun. 7. You lift a cat from the ground up to a shelf 2 meters above the ground. Which is a description of the energy flow? A. Thermal energy → Electrical energy B. Thermal energy → Potential energy C. Kinetic energy → Electromagnetic energy D. Chemical energy → Gravitational potential energy

8. In an isolated system energy can be transformed from one form to another but the total energy in the system must stay constant. A. True B. False

9. Power is A. the amount of energy. B. the rate at which energy is produced or consumed. C. measured in joules. D. not well defined in physics.

10. The Law of Conservation of Energy A. is a fundamental law of physics with no known exceptions. B. is a possible means for extending fossil fuel use. C. does not apply to Earth systems. D. is obeyed in chemical reactions but not nuclear reactions. 11. If the total energy of a system increases, this does not necessarily mean that energy was added to the system. A. True B. False

12. Your little sister drops a bag of candy on your head from the roof of your house. Right before it hits your head it is moving quickly. Which describes the candy’s energy, from roof to head? A. The candy has lost kinetic energy and gained potential energy.

B. The candy has lost potential energy and gained kinetic energy. C. The candy has not lost or gained potential energy. D. The candy has not lost or gained kinetic energy. 13. You are camping, and you start a wood fire and use it to boil some water in a pot. What is the flow of energy? Chemical → Electromagnetic → Thermal

14. Which of the following could NOT be a unit of power? A. joules per seconds B. watts C. calories per hour D. joules

15. In a system which is NOT isolated, the total amount of energy must stay constant. A. True B. False

16. A ball is rolling down a hill and gaining speed. Which is true? A. The ball is gaining potential energy and gaining kinetic energy. B. The ball is gaining potential energy and losing kinetic energy. C. The ball is losing potential energy and gaining kinetic energy. D. The ball is losing potential energy and losing kinetic energy. 17. A laser is powered by a battery and is used to heat up a spot on a piece of paper. The energy flow is: Chemical → Electrical → __________ → Thermal A. Kinetic B. Potential C. Electromagnetic D. Chemical

18. A clothes dryer consumes 2500 watts of energy. In 2 seconds how much energy does the dryer use? A. 2500 watts. B. 2500 joules.

C. 5000 watts. D. 5000 joules.

Lesson 3 - quiz

1. The measure of randomness, or disorder, of a system is called A. Energy B. Entropy C. Entanglement D. Entomology

2. Which of the following is NOT a main product in the combustion of hydrocarbons? A. Carbon dioxide B. Oxygen gas C. Water D. Heat energy

3. Generators convert A. Mechanical energy to electrical energy B. Thermal energy to mechanical energy C. Thermal energy to electrical energy D. Electrical energy to thermal energy

4. Only a small percentage of the electricity we use is produced by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy A. True B. False 5. In an isolated system the entropy of the system increases over time A. True B. False

6. The amount of energy released per 100 grams of fuel burned in a reaction is called A. The heat of combustion B. The latent heat C. The heat of transformation D. The reaction’s efficiency

7. Using heat source and heat sink temperature for a hint engine, you calculate that the best efficiency (according to the formula derived by Carnot) is 60%. This means A. All heat engines operating at these temperatures will be 60% efficient B. The worst efficiency a heat engine operating at these temperatures can have is 60% C. The best efficiency a heat engine operating at these temperatures can have is 60% D. The average efficiency of a heat engine operating at these temperatures is 60%

8. Heat engines convert A. Mechanical energy to electrical energy B. Thermal energy to mechanical energy C. Thermal energy to electrical energy D. Electrical energy to thermal energy

9. Which has a lower entropy A. A deck of cards that you just bought and are still in order B. A deck of cards that has been cut once C. A deck of cards that has been shuffled multiple times

10. A battery contains 1000 joules of energy. The maximum amount of work it can do is 1000 joules. This is an example of A. The Law of Conservation of Energy B. The First Law of Thermodynamics C. Neither the First Law of Thermodynamics nor the Law of Conservation of Energy D. Both the First Law of Thermodynamics and the Law of Conservation of Energy 11. Entropy never spontaneously increases A. True B. False

12. As the entropy of a system increases, the total amount of useful energy decreases A. True B. false

13. Without a temperature difference between a heat source and heat sink, it is impossible to run a heat engine A. True B. False 14. If the engine in your car produces 30 joules of useful work for every 100 joules of gasoline used, what is its efficiency? A. 10% B. 30% C. 50% D. 70% E. 90%

15. Heat (or energy) transfer occurs spontaneously from higher to lower temperature bodies, but never in reverse. This is A. The First Law of Thermodynamics B. The Second Law of Thermodynamics C. Contrary to the Law of Conservation of Energy D. Only true in space

16. The amount of energy released per 100 grams of fuel burned in a reaction is called A. The heat of combustion B. The latent heat C. The heat of transformation D. The reaction’s efficiency 17. For heat engines, the larger the temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink, the higher the best possible efficiency. A. True B. False

18. Currently the best electrical power plants have efficiencies around A. 20% B. 40%

C. 60% D. 80% E. 100% 19. The changes in internal energy of a system equals the net heat transfer into the system minus the net work done by the system. This is A. The First Law of Thermodynamics B. The Second Law of Thermodynamics C. Contrary to the Law of Conservation of Energy D. Only true in space

20. A process that occurs spontaneously in one direction only is called A. Reversible B. Irreversible C. Undeniable D. Insatiable

21. Faraday discovered that A. All magnetic fields produce electric current B. Changing magnetic fields produce electric current C. You cannot produce electric current with a magnetic field D. Magnetic field are always constant

Lesson 4 – Quiz

1. In Canada from 2014-2040 which sector is expected to see the largest decrease in growth rate? A. Residential B. Commercial C. Transportation D. Industrial

2. The graph shows total energy use split into OECD and non-OECD countries. When did non-OECD countries start having a higher total energy consumption?

A. 1990 B. 2000 C. 2012 D. It hasn’t happened yet, but it will.

3. In North America, since around 2005, coal consumption has A. Increased B. Plateaued

C. Decreased

4. In the last 30 years South Asia has not seen a large increase in % of energy coming from fossil fuels.

A. True B. False 5. Which countries have the highest percent use of renewable energy? A. Low income countries B. Middle income countries C. High income countries

6. Canada uses less energy per person than the U.S. A. True B. False

7. Coal consumption in North America has increased every year for the last 80 years. A. True

B. False 8. In North America, since around 2005, oil consumption has A. Increased B. Plateaued C. Decreased

9. Using the Sankey diagram: Most energy produced by coal is used for

A. Electricity B. Transport C. The energy industry 10. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource? A. Tidal B. Hydro-power

C. Wind D. Uranium 11. In North America, since around 2005, natural gas consumption has A. Increased B. Plateaued C. Decreased

12. Which of the following is a renewable resource? A. Tidal B. Hydro-power C. Wind D. Uranium

13. Using the Sankey diagram: Which is not a major source of electricity generation?

A. Crude oil B. Coal C. Uranium

D. Hydropower 14. The graph shows total energy use split into OECD and non-OECD countries. Which countries are expected to have a more rapid increase in energy consumption?

A. OECD B. Non-OECD 15. In the U.S. about 50% of the total energy used is used in the transportation sector. A. True B. False 16. Which region has the largest growth in coal consumption recently? A. Asia B. North America C. Europe D. Africa

17. What percentage of Canada’s energy consumption is in the form of alternative/nuclear energy? A. Almost zero B. About 25% C. About 50% D. About 75% E. Almost all

18. The map shows total energy consumption by country. Which of the following countries uses the most energy?

A. Canada B. China C. Russia D. Australia

19. The graph shows fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total). The percent of energy coming from fossil fuels in North America is increasing.

A. True B. False 20. How is the majority of electricity produced in Canada? A. Hydro B. Coal C. Uranium D. Solar

21. Using the Sankey diagram: Which of the following is not a main use of energy produced by natural gas?

A. Residential B. Commercial C. Industrial D. Transport

22. Which is NOT true about renewable resources that come from the sun’s energy? A. They are limited only by the lifetime of the sun. B. The lifetime of the source does not depend on the rate of use. C. We are using them up faster than they are being produced.

23. Fossil fuels are not a renewable resource because A. They are bad for the environment.

B. They take 100s millions of years to produce. C. They are hard to extract from the Earth. D. They cause too many emissions. 24. In Canada what form of renewable energy is used for the most energy production? A. Wind B. Hydro C. Solar D. Biomass

25. Most countries depend on fossil fuels for more than 50% of their energy needs. A. True B. False

26. What percentage of Canada’s energy consumption is in the form of fossil fuels? A. Almost zero B. About 25% C. About 50% D. About 75% E. Almost all 27. Energy use per person is much higher A. In highly developed countries B. In less developed countries 28. Per capita energy use is growing most rapidly in A. Canada B. U.S. C. China D. Europe

29. Which region has the largest growth in coal consumption recently? A. Asia B. North America

C. Europe D. Africa 30. Canada uses less energy per person than most other countries A. True B. False

Lesson 5 – Quiz

1. What fraction of the coal produced in Canada is used to produce electricity domestically? A. None B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%

2. Which of the following is NOT a factor that will decrease the amount of time that the world’s oil supply might last? A. Most oil reserves are in decline

B. World energy demand is increasing C. We will not discover new oil reserves in the future D. Demand is increasing faster than the growth of alternative energy 3. In a structural trap oil is trapped between A. Two layers of porous rock B. Two layers of non-porous rock C. A lower layer of porous rock and an upper layer of non-porous rock. D. An upper layer porous rock and a lower layer of non-porous rock.

4. Compared with other countries, where does Canada place in terms of proved oil reserves? A. Seventh B. Third C. First D. Fifth

5. At the current rate of use the currently known coal reserves could last? A. Thousands of years B. Just a few years C. Millions of years D. Hundreds of years

6. In Canada which sector uses the most natural gas? A. Residential B. Generation of Electricity C. Industrial D. Energy Industry E. Commercial and Institutional

7. What percentage of crude oil production is offshore? A. 70% B. 10% C. 50%

D. 30% 8. How has the demand for natural gas changed recently? A. It has not changed B. It has decreased C. It has increased

9. When surface mining, the soil and rock above the coal is called A. Supra-soil B. The superstructure C. Deterrent D. overburden

10. The main concern for hydraulic fracturing activities is the effects on A. Air quality B. Worker safety C. Carbon dioxide levels D. Water and water systems

11. Compared to other fossil fuels, natural gas releases more harmful combustion products A. True B. False 12. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of oil over coal? A. Oil is more versatile B. Oil is the most abundant fossil fuel C. Oil is easier to transport D. Oil is cleaner burning

13. Approximately how many mining facilities were there in the United States in the 20th century? A. 100 B. 1000 C. 100 000 D. 10 000

14. What percentage of the oil produced in Canada is exported? A. 10% B. 30% C. 50% D. 70%

15. Per BTU of energy, how does the cost of natural gas compare to the cost of electricity? A. Electricity is about 2.5 times more expensive than natural gas B. Electricity is about 5 times more expensive than natural gas C. Electricity is about 5 times less expensive than natural gas D. Electricity is about 2.5 times less expensive than natural gas

16. Tight resources are oil and natural gas deposits that are A. Not extractable by conventional drilling method B. Much deeper than conventional oil resources C. Not accessible until will develop better technology for extraction D. Difficult to access due to surface conditions

17. Per BTU of energy, how does the cost of natural gas compare to the cost of gasoline? A. Gasoline is about 2 times less expensive than natural gas B. Gasoline is about 4 times less expensive than natural gas C. Gasoline is about 2 times more expensive than natural gas D. Gasoline is about 4 times more expensive than natural gas 18. Which of the following is an advantage of subsurface mining? A. It is faster B. There is less of a surface impact C. It is safer D. It is less expensive

19. Which of the following is NOT a factor that will prolong the amount of time that the world’s oil supply might last? A. New oil reserves are being discovered

B. The world’s demand for oil is decreasing C. Technology for oil detection is improving D. Technology for oil extraction is improving 20. Which two countries contain about half of the world’s known natural gas reserves? A. Russia and Canada B. China and USA C. Russia and USA D. Russia and Iran

21. When petroleum products are refined, they get separated according to A. Their viscosities B. Their boiling points C. Their colors D. Their densities

22. Hydraulic fracturing (or fracking) uses acids dissolved in water to breakdown the rock and release the hydrocarbons for extraction A. True B. Fal...