Physio Ex Exercise 6 Activity 4 PDF

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PhysioEx Lab Report Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology Activity 4: Examining the Effects of Chemical Modifiers on Heart Rate Name: Arianna Olson Date: 7 July 2020 Session ID: session-28ff264b-5c6f-5f47-bb17-8eab88129079

Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1 The parasympathetic nervous system releases __________ to affect heart rate. You correctly answered: acetylcholine. 2 A cholinergic drug that worked the same as acetylcholine would You correctly answered: be an agonist and decrease heart rate. 3 Norepinephrine affects the heart rate by You correctly answered: increasing the rate of depolarization and increasing the frequency of action potentials. 4 The __________ receptor binds norepinephrine and epinephrine. You correctly answered: Beta 1ß-1 adrenergic.

Experiment Results Predict Questions 1 Predict Question 1: Pilocarpine is a cholinergic drug, an acetylcholine agonist. Predict the effect that pilocarpine will have on heart rate.

Your answer: Pilocarpine will decrease heart rate. 2 Predict Question 2: Atropine is another cholinergic drug, an acetylcholine antagonist. Predict the effect that atropine will have on heart rate. Your answer: Atropine will have no effect on heart rate. Stop & Think Questions 1 Which of the following is true of epinephrine? You correctly answered: It increases the heart rate and mimics the sympathetic nervous system. 2 The final chemical modifier we will look at is digitalis (also known as digoxin and digitoxin and derived from the foxglove plant). Individuals with weakened hearts need to allow maximum time for venous return and increased stroke volume and would therefore most likely benefit from You correctly answered: increased force of contraction and decreased heart rate. Experiment Data SolutionHeart Rate (beats per minute)Heart Rate (beats/min) ----61 Epinephrine80 Pilocarpine46 Atropine71 Digitalis42 ----

Epinephrine

Pilocarpine

Atropine

Digitalis

Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1 Pilocarpine decreased the heart rate. Typical of cholinergic agonists, it You correctly answered: decreased the frequency of action potentials. 2 The effect of atropine was to You correctly answered: mimic the sympathetic nervous system. 3

The modifiers tested that decrease the heart rate were You correctly answered: digitalis and pilocarpine. 4 To increase the heart rate, the best choices would be You correctly answered: epinephrine and atropine.

Review Sheet Results 1 Describe the effect that pilocarpine had on the heart and why it had this effect. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: It decreases the HR -it stimulates the parasympathetic nerves. 2 Atropine is an acetylcholine antagonist. Does atropine inhibit or enhance the effects of acetylcholine? Describe your results and how they correlate with how the drug works. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: -stimulates and increases the frequency of SA -inhibits vagus nerve (or blocks parasympathetic nerves). 3 Describe the benefits of administering digitalis. Your answer: increases the force of contractions -decrease HR-increase stroke volume -Slows the sodium pump, which lets more Na+ accumulate heart muscle cells. -Less Na+ concentration gradient across the membrane -Na+/Ca+2 antiporters slow down so more Ca+2 remains inside the cardiac cells. 4 Distinguish between cholinergic and adrenergic chemical modifiers. Include examples of each in your discussion. Your answer: -ACh, cholinergic, decreases HR -Epinephrine & Norepinephrine, adrenergic, increase HR....