Print Micro Bio Chp 7 Exam 3 flashcards Easy Notecards PDF

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5/27/2019

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All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT

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ionic bonds

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Which of the following is found at the 5" end of a DNA strand?

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a phosphate group

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The bacterial chromosome is

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both circular and found in a nucleoid

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Which of the following types of plasmids allows a bacterial cell to kill its competitors?

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bacterioncin factors

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Which of the following is NOT involved in the packaging of eukaryotic chromosomes?

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Okazaki fragments

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Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?

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they are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously

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The process indicated by the arrow in Fig 7.1 represents?

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lagging strand synthesis

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Which of the the following statements concerning transcription in bacteria is FALSE?

The same RNA polymerase transcribes primer RNA, mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.

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Which of the following is involved in translation?

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mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved

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Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerase?

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direction of polymerization

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Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ______ DNA molecules.

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multiple linear

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A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides. Therefore, there are _____ possible combinations of the nucleotides A, C, G, and T.

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64

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The AUG codon functions in coding for the amino acid methionine and as a

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start signal

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Which of the following regulatory RNAs alter translation in response to environmental conditions?

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riboswitches

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During elongation a charged tRNA first enters the ribosomal ______ site and then moves into the _____ site.

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A wild-type organism and a genetic variant both have a gene encoding a receptor producing a chemotactic response to metabolite A. The genetic variant has a mutation in a regulatory gene for expression of the receptor. Which of the following statements with respect to the receptor is CORRECT?

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A, P

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The organisms have the same receptor genotype but different phenotypes.

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Semiconservative DNA replication means that

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each daughter DNA molecule is composed of one original strand and one new strand

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments?

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They are longer in eukaryotic cells

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DNA replication and RNA transcription have many features in common. Which of the following does NOT occur in both processes?

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a requirement for a primer

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Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetic?

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transcription and translation

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Inducible operons

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usually require an activator to be transcribed

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Which of the following are considered to be frameshift mutations?

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both deletions and insertions

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If the codon AAA is changed to AAG, it still codes for the amino acid lysine; this is an example of a

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silent mutation

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Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers?

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ultraviolet light

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DNA damage caused by ethidium bromide results in _______ mutations.

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both insertion and deletion

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Which of the following is a DNA repair enzyme activated by visible light?

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DNA photolyase

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The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is

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mutagenic in Salmonella

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The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

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involves a virus

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transformation

Frederick Griffith discovered

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In conjugation, F+ cells

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contain an F plasmid

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Another term for the palindromic sequence found at the ends of transposons is a

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inverted repeat

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Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic genomes but NOT eukaryotic genomes?

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circular chromosomes

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The procedure known as "replica plating" is used in

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negative selection only

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The DNA sequence of a portion of gene in a wild-type organisms is TTACCATATTCACCC, and the corresponding peptide sequence is Leu-Pro-Tyr-Ser-Pro. The corresponding gene fragment in phenotypic variant of the organism is TTACCATATTCACCC and the peptide sequence is Leu-Pro-Cys-Ser-Pro. This is an example of a ______ mutation type resulting in a ______ mutation effect.

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base substitution; missense

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Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of the lac operon?

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an iRNA

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Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of

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transcription

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Codons are recognized during

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translation

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The events of ______ are initiated at sequences called origins.

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DNA replication

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The process of ________ requires the activity of DNA ligase.

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DNA replication

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RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for

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transcription

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The process of ______ requires participation of tRNA molecules.

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translation

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The process known as _____ is initiated with the incorporation of fMet.

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translation

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Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as

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generalized transduction

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The process of _______ is described as semiconservative.

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DNA replication

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During _____, a new peptide bond is formed with the amino acid located in the A site.

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translation

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A (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule.

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gene

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Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a eukaryotic chromosome is called (euchromatin/ heterochromatin/ nucleosomes).

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euchromatin

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Transfer of DNA between bacterial cells by viruses is called (transformation/ transduction/ conjugation).

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transduction

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The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/ traits/ chromosomes).

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traits

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The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/ primase/ helicase).

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helicase

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The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it an (analog/ nucleotide/ precursor) of thymine.

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analog

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A protein has altered function as a result of a single amino acid substitution in the polypeptide. this change resulted from a (missense/ nonsense/ silent) mutation.

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missense

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Except during intitiation of translation, transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids initially bind to the ribosome at the (P/ A/ E) site.

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A

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The (codon/ antidcodon/ loop) of a transfer RNA molecule is complementary to a codon in a messenger RNA molecule.

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antidcodon

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Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing (frameshift/ missense/ nonsense) mutations in gene sequences.

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frameshiftf

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A (genome/ codon/ operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated and transcribed as a unit.

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operon

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The (leading/ lagging/ replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

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leading

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The (phenotype/ genome/ genotype) is the set of genes in the genome of an organism.

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genotype

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RNA polymerase initiates transcription by recognizing specific DNA sequences called (promoter/ origins/ operons).

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promoter

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While studying a bacterial strain a scientist notes a short DNA sequences between inverted repeats in present in both the chromosome and a plasmid within the cell. This sequence is most likely a (phage/ transposon/ F plasmid).

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transposon

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