PSY-452-Matched Subjects Design ( Final) PDF

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Matched Subject Design assignment using GCU library peer-reviewed articles...

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PSY-452-Experimental Psychology Matched-Subjects Design Random Assignment- Advantages to this technique are that each participant has an equal chance of being placed into the control group of an experiment. By doing so it ensures that all groups are comparable and that any differences between them are due to random factors. Disadvantages are it is difficult to compare groups when using random assignment. For example, if you are comparing men and women, with and without health conditions. Participants would not be randomly assigned to different groups, but instead assigned based on their characteristics. Range Matching- Advantages are that it is easier to match pairs within a range of variables because it may become impossible to match exact criteria. Also, range matching may show how comparable and similar subjects are when it is utilized with a smaller range. Also, it can be used to ensure there is enough data to run the experiment without effecting the independent variable. If the matching variable in range matching is strongly related to the DV, matching can make treatment effects easier to detect statistically. (Myers & Hansen, 2012). A disadvantage to range order matching it that subjects who are or are not matched to a certain range may have some significant differences which will affect the dependent variable or if subject does not match within a range the researchers will have to eliminate that subject. Rank Order Matching- This technique is simple, and subjects are ranked on a specific variable such as weight, height, or age. An advantage is that it is not as time consuming. However, it can be lacking because it does not account for large differences in the matched pairs and that may directly affect the DV. As far as the criteria used to determine when to use random assignment versus matching techniques, it depends on what the researcher is studying. For example, if the study consists of comparing two types of exercise of cardiovascular health, then they may use two groups of matched pairs using age or weight as a determining factor. When forming matched pairs, the subjects are measured on a variable of the researchers choosing. Researchers need to be able to make a good match so that they can eliminate the possibility of differences between individuals affecting the results. Unfortunately, if there is no match for an individual in the sample, they must be eliminated. (Myers & Hansen,2012). For random assignment, it is best used to compare an effect on a large

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group of subjects. For example, testing whether caffeine consumption improves test performance can use random assignment. Each subject has an equal chance of being assigned to each treatment condition and ensures that the population being selected is accurately represented in the sample. Random assignment is critical to internal validity. If subjects are not assigned at random, confounding can occur. (Myers & Hansen, 2012). 1) Match 1: Random Assignment GROUP A (20) (ODD) 10 (M) 10 (F)

GROUP B (20) (Even) 10 (M) 10 (F)

1. Anna BoFanna (F) 3. Chuck Wagon (M) 5. Seymour Clearly (M) 7. Rhoda Dendron (F) 9. Howie Dooit (M) 11. Betty Won’t (F) 13. Carol Ofthebells (F) 15. Andy Walkswithme (M) 17.Stu Potts (M) 19. Clara Asabell (F) 21.April Showers (F) 23. Hugh Gottabekiddinme(M) 25. June Blossoms (F) 27.Sam Iam (M) 29.Maye Beeso (F) 31.Rick O’Chet (M) 33. L.C. Freeze (M) 35.Raye Dium (F) 37. Summer Rayne (F)

2. Sandy Beach (F) 4. Ken Garoo (M) 6. Phil O’Dendron (M) 8.Pete Moss (M) 10. Willy Makeit (M) 12. Al Gebra (M) 14. Harold Bethyname (M) 16. Rod Andreel (M) 18. Sharon Sometimetogether (F) 20. Allyson Wonderland (F) 22.Ben Dover (M) 24. May Flowers (F) 26.Helen Highwater (F) 28. Mike Robiology (M) 30.Polly Warner-cracker (F) 32. Bill Board (M) 34. Goldie Lox (F) 36.Helena Baskit (F) 38. Deniece Denephew (F)

39. Barry Um (M)

40. Cindy Rella (F)

2) Match 2: Range Matching 1 Group A: Females

WT.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

(95) (100) (105) (109) (110) (114) (118) (122)

Carol Offthebells Betty Wont Goldie Lox Polly Warner-cracker April Showers Helena Baskit Allyson Wonderland Deniece Denephew

9. May Flowers 10. Helen Highwater Group B: Females 1. Summer Rayne 2. June Blossoms 3. Sharon Sometimetogether 4. .Aanna BoFanna 5. Raye Dium 6. Clara Asabell 7. Rhode Dendron 8. Cindy Rella 9. Maye Beeso 10. Sandy Beach Group A: Males 1. Rick O'Chet 2. Howie Dooitt 3. Willy Makeit 4. Seymore Clearly 5. Al Gebra 6. I.C. Freeze 7. Barry Um 8. Hugh Gottabekiddinme 9. Phil O'Dendron 10. Harold Bethyname

Group B: Males 1. Pete Moss 2. Ken Garoo 3. Bill Board 4. Stu Potts 5. Ben Dover 6. Sam Iam 7. Chuck Wagon 8. Mike Robiology 9. Rod Andreel 10. Andy Walkswithme 3) Match 3: Range Matching 2

(130) (135) WT (96) (100) (108) (110) (112) (115) (120) (124) (134) (140) WT (140) (160) (180) (190) (190) (190) (200) (200) (210) (240)

WT. (150) (180) (180) (190) (190) (195) (200) (215) (220) (250)

4) Match 4: Range Matching 3 Group A: 150lbs or less. Gender WT F1 110 F2 140 F3 120 M1 150 F4 100 F5 95 F6 108 F7 115 F8 118 F9 110 F10 130 F 11 100 F12 135 F13 134 F14 109 F 2 140 F15 112 F16 114 F17 96 F18 122 F19 105 F20 124

HT 60 70 65 68 63 55 65 68 68 63 70 60 68 67 54 64 67 66 65 69 63 68

Group B: Greater Than 150lbs Gender M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11

WT

HT 200 180 190 210 160 180 190 240 250 220 190

72 70 71 74 70 70 72 76 75 72 69

M12 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17

190 200 195 215 180 190

69 72 69 72 70 71

M18

200

72

5) Match 5: Rank Order Matching

Group A: 90-110, 111-130, 131-150) According to the weight and height GROUP A: In Group 2, there are no females. Range 1: F4: 100/63, F5: 95/55, F6: 108/65, F9: 110/63, F11: 100/60, F14: 109/54, F17: 96/65 F19: 105/63 Range 2: F3: 120/65, F7: 115/68, F8: 118/68, F10: 130/70, F15: 112/67, F16: 114/66, F18: 122/69, F20: 124/68 Range 3: F2: 140/70, M1: 150/68, F12: 135/68, F13: 134/67, M2: 140/64 Range Matching Group B: 151-180, 181-210, 211-250 According to weight and height Group B, in Group B there are no Females. Range 1: M2:180/70, M5: 160/70, M6: 180/70, M16: 180/70 Range 2: M1: 200/72, M3: 190/71, M4: 210/74, M7: 190/72, M11: 190/69, M12: 190/69, M14: 195/69, M17: 190/71, M18: 200/72, M13: 200/72 Range 3: M8:240/76, M9: 250/75, M10: 220/72, M15: 215/72 Rank Order Matching: 90-110, 111-130, 131-150, 151-180, 181-210, 211-250 Rank 1: F4:100/63, F5:95/55, F6: 108/65, F9: 110/63, F11: 100/60, F14: 109/54, F17: 96/65, F19: 105/63 Rank 2: F3: 120/65, F7: 115/68, F8: 118/68, F10: 130/70, F15: 112/67, F16: 114/66, F18: 122/69, F20: 124/68 Rank 3: F2: 140/70, M1: 150/68, F12: 135/68, F13: 134/67, M2: 140/64, Rank 4: M2: 180/70, M5: 160/70, M6: 180/70, M16: 180/70 Rank 5: M1: 200/72, M3: 190/71, M4: 210/74, M7: 190/72, M11: 190/69, M12: 190/69, M14: 195/69, M17: 190/71, M18: 200/72, M13: 200/72 Rank 6: M8: 240/76, M9: 250/75, M10: 220/72, M15: 215/72

References: Myers, A., & Hansen, C. H. (2012). Experimental psychology (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth. ISBN-13: 9780495602316...