Psych Vocabulary - Note PDF

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Summary

. Selective attrition: the tendency for certain kinds of people to drop out of a study
2. Cohort : a group of people born at a particular time
3. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: alcohol decrease neuron’s arousal and make them
self-distruct
4. Schema: an org way of interacting with ob...

Description

WK2 1. Corpus callosum: a set of axons that connect the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex 2. Prefrontal cortex: important for the memory of what has just happened and what you are planning to do next 3. Mirror neurons: active when you make a movement and when you watch someone else make a similar movement 4. Endocrine system: glands that produce hormones and release them to blood (controlled by the autonomic system) 5. Hormone: chemicals released by glands and conveyed by blood to alter activity in organs 6. Chromosome: strands of hereditary material 7. Gene: section along each chromosome that control chemical reactions that direct development 8. Epigenetics: a field that observe changes in gene expression without modification of DNA sequence 9. Multiplier Effect: a small initial adv in some behavior (genetic) alters the environment and magnifies that advantage 10. Evolution: a gradual change in frequency of various genes from one generation to next WK 3 1. 2. 3. 4.

Stimuli: energies in env that affect what we do Receptor: specialized cell that convert env energies into signals for nervous system Fovea: central area of human retina Brightness Contrast: increase / decrease in object’s apparent brightness by comparison to objects around it 5. Blind spot: retinal area where the optic nerve exists 6. Sound wave: vibration in the air / other medium 7. Cochlea: fluid-filled canals of snail-shaped organ that contains receptors for hearing 8. Conduction deafness: results when bones connected to eardrum fail to transmit sound waves properly to the cochlea 9. Nerve deafness: resulting from damage to cochlea, hair cells, or auditory nerve a. Disease, heredity, loud nouse exposure = cause 10. Subliminal perception: a stimulus can influence behavior even when the observer has no conscious perception of it

WK 4 1. Selective attrition: the tendency for certain kinds of people to drop out of a study 2. Cohort : a group of people born at a particular time 3. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: alcohol decrease neuron’s arousal and make them self-distruct 4. Schema: an org way of interacting with objects 5. Assimilation: applying an old schema to new objects / problems 6. Accommodation: modifying an old schema to fit a new object / problem 7. Equilibrium: establishment of balance between the assimilation and accommodation 8. Theory of mind: an understanding that other people have a mind, and each person knows some things that other people do not know

9. Attachment: a feeling of closeness toward another person 10. Temperament: tendency to be active, inactive, and respond vigorously or quietly to new stimuli 11. Identity crisis: concern with decisions about the future and quest for self-understanding 12. Midlife transition: a period of reassessing goals, setting new ones, and preparing for rest of life (middle adulthood) 13. Terror-management theory: cope with fear of death by avoiding thoughts about death and by affirming reassuring beliefs 14. Biculturalism: partial identification with 2 cultures WK 5 1. Memory: retention of information 2. Information-processing model: info that enters the system is processed, coded, and stored 3. Semantic memory: memory of principles and facts 4. Source amnesia: forgetting when, where, or how your learned something 5. Consolidation: converting a short-term memory into a long-term memory 6. Mnemonic device: any memory aid based on encoding items in a special way 7. Repression: the process of moving an unacceptable memory to the unconscious mind a. Remembering Traumatic experience depends on: age at the time of event, severity, and reaction of family members i. Old age at the event time + severe (remember better) > young + supportive family 8. Dissociation: memory that one has stored but cannot retrieve...