Quiz 3 - Quiz 3 questions and answers PDF

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Quiz 3 questions and answers...

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Since energy is another prerequisite of life on earth we must conclude that the energy flow through life on earth starts with: ● ● ● ● ●

A. decomposition, like bacteria and fungi B. humans as the only significant consumer C. herbivores, like cattle and sheep D. sunlight and producers, like plants E. carnivores, like lions and tigers, and bears

Answer Key:D

Question 2 of 21 4.5 Points

PCR is a fundamental technique in molecular biology but also in forensic analyses. Basic Forensic principles include: ● ● ● ● ●

A. Each of us is genetically unique B. all of the answers are correct. C. DNA is found in nearly all cells (blood, semen, hair, etc.). D. If enough genetic variation is tested, each of us can be uniquely identified. E. DNA from an evidentiary sample can be matched with DNA from a suspect to implicate or exonerate

Answer Key:B

Question 3 of 21 4.5 Points

Water is more unusual than most people think. Most biologists and astrobiologists think that water is essential to the origin of life on earth, or perhaps anywhere. This is why one of the missions of the Mars rover was to search for water or the signs of water. Water is important to life on earth because ● ● ● ● ●

A. it is always a liquid so it can form compartments, using lipid membranes B. it is everywhere, like air, so it is in every environment on earth C. ) it forms strong bonds with itself, has low surface tension and is nonpolar D. most biological molecules and compounds important to life dissolve in liquid water E. it only occurs on planet Earth

Answer Key:D

Question 4 of 21 4.5 Points

Proteins are molecules that carry out the gate-keeping functions of the plasma membrane. Some of these functions include acting as a receptor, transporter, recognition protein, or as an enzymatic protein. Which of the following descriptions below best matches the protein function of a "receptor?" ● ● ● ● ●

A. Bind to external chemicals that regulate processes within the cell B. Helps maintain the flexibility of the plasma membrane C. Provide a passageway for molecules through the cell D. Provides a fingerprint for identification by other cells E. Accelerate intracellular and extracellular reactions on the plasma membrane

Answer Key:A

Question 5 of 21 4.5 Points

The biotechnology industry is explosive, especially in agriculture, pharmacy and medicine. The development of Biotechnology is ● ● ● ● ●

A. driven by application B. has dis-proven the Theory of Evolution C. finally leveling off D. has been banned in Europe by governments in the EU E. destroying medicine as we know it

Answer Key:A Question 6 of 21 4.5 Points

The ability to separate the constitutes of organismal life is essential to modern biology and biotechnology. Gel Electrophoresis is used for: ● ● ● ● ●

A. the separation of molecules, DNA, RNA and proteins by charge and size B. as a home pregnancy test C. viewing cells at a high magnification D. fusing cells during the process for cloning animals E. separation of various cell types in blood samples

Answer Key:A

Question 7 of 21 4.5 Points

Some of the aspects of life on Earth seem contradictory. ‘Life’ is said to be opportunistic and is present in nearly every environment on the planet because ● ● ● ●

A. ) the ends justify the means and organisms and biological organisms given half a chance will always decide to cheat in order to survive B. living organisms all exhibit a strong will to live no matter what happens to them C. there is strong evidence for the purpose and planning of organisms from a Higher order D. organisms are genetically selected for survival and reproductive success out of populations with variation and differences in the population

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E. survival of the fittest as it pertains to each individual where each individual organism chooses where to live

Answer Key:D

Question 8 of 21 4.5 Points

Robert Hooke was the first to observe cells under a microscope. If you were to look into a light microscope and view an unknown cell, what might you see that would tell you whether the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic? ● ● ● ● ●

A. a plasma membrane B. a rigid cell wall C. DNA D. a nucleus E. ribosomes

Answer Key:D

Question 9 of 21 4.5 Points

Emergent patterns and self assembly are wide spread phenomena in biology. Through the application of a few very simple rules ● ● ● ● ●

A. synthetic life possibilities will fail B. the development of complex structures can occur C. phylogeny acquires teleology, therefore there is a purpose to all structures D. a purpose is created for each and every organism E. since it is all chemistry, the theory of evolution is easily disproven

Answer Key:B

Question 10 of 21 4.5 Points

In a basic description, all life has an information processing system. All life on this planet has the ability to replicate information with variation. The flow of information in biological life is generally from: ● ● ● ● ●

A. the transfer of information from DNA to RNA to proteins B. water and sunlight, inorganic materials and spontaneous reactions C. the transfer of DNA through a gel matrix by electrophoresis D. the transfer of gases through the cell membrane E. the transfer of information from viruses to Mars

Answer Key:A

Question 11 of 21 4.5 Points

Rachel Carson is famous as the author of ‘Silent Spring’ (1962) which discussed the broad effects of the insecticide DDT on the ‘web of life’. The ecology of a coral reef is another good example that: ● ● ● ● ●

A. the diversity of life makes it resistant toxic pollutants and effect of global climate change B. life on earth quickly corrects for environmental pollutants C. life is interconnected and interdependent D. every organism can exist on its own E. extinction doesn’t matter because something will always take its place

Answer Key:C

Question 12 of 21 4.5 Points

A method used to copy small amounts of DNA many times over was invented by Dr. Kary Mullis in the 1980s and is called PCR. PCR stands for: ● ● ● ● ●

A. Peptide Catalytic Reactors B. Protein Chromosomal Replication C. Pipetman California Reaction D. Polysaccharide Catalyst Repair E. Polymerase Chain Reaction

Answer Key:E

Question 13 of 21 4.5 Points

What is/are the major benefit(s) of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? ● ● ● ● ●

A. Enhances genetic variation in a population B. Enhances variants that may survive new environmental challenges C. All of the answers are correct D. Ensures and increases genetic variation E. Ensures transmission of important genetic information

Answer Key:C

Question 14 of 21

4.5 Points

Forensic DNA analyses allows science to discern several possible outcomes. Given DNA samples from three suspects, the victims DNA and DNA evidence from a crime scene the possible conclusions are: ● ● ● ● ●

A. Multiple suspects were at the scene B. any of the answers are correct. C. Suspect 1's DNA was at the scene; or Suspect 2's DNA was at the scene; or Suspect 3' DNA was at the scene D. None were at the scene E. Data is inconclusive

Answer Key:B

Question 15 of 21 4.5 Points

Cell membranes are made up of: ● ● ● ● ●

Answer Key:B

A. Sugars B. Phospholipids C. Protons D. Neutrons E. Nucleic acids

Question 16 of 21 4.5 Points

We can describe generalities about biological life, such as the occurrence of feedback loops, or the interconnectedness we can observe in nature; but one commonality that is an underlying principle throughout all life on earth is ● ● ● ● ●

A. that all species on earth originated at the same time and have remained unchanged ever since B. that it is easily defined because there is relatively little diversity over the whole planet and therefore biological life is essentially the same everywhere. C. that all life on earth is unique and not related to each other, D. that life is an information processing system, such as DNA, capable of replication with variations that can be inherited E. individual organisms change during their lifetime in response to the environment in ways that are inherited by their offspring

Answer Key:D

Question 17 of 21 4.5 Points

Innovation in biotechnology is happening at an exponential rate now. These developments are in the news nearly daily (if you pay attention). The development of Biotechnology is also directly linked with Industry. Basic results become applied very quickly. Which of the following is not true? ● ● ● ● ●

A. The application of the biological sciences has largely moved from academia to the private sector. B. The distinction between Basic and Applied Science is often blurred. C. Basic Science is nearly immediately applied in today’s biotech fields. D. The application of biotechnology is driven by profits and the promise of profits E. Basic Science has not yet been applied in any of today’s biotech fields.

Answer Key:E

Question 18 of 21 4.5 Points

Critics of evolution state that that evolution is not possible since it disobeys the second law of thermodynamics. The tendency of energy to dissipate as described by the second law of thermodynamics is called: ● ● ● ● ●

A. metabolism: referring to the breakdown of sugars B. endothermic: where reactions require heat C. entropy: where order tends to become disordered D. nuclear: where reactions in life occur only in atomic chain reactions E. equilibrium: where everything must remain in an equal balance

Answer Key:C

Question 19 of 21 4.5 Points

The environment is a selection pressure for optimized function in the biological world. Biological life tends to: ●

A. defy entropy and disobey the second law of thermodynamics

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B. be static and never change from one generation to the next C. simplify in all environments and then decrease in complexity D. make materials only useful to one organism and use materials that it cannot recycle in the ecology E. be selected for by the environment, where populations of organisms will be selected to optimize functions rather than maximize individual traits.

Answer Key:E

Question 20 of 21 4.5 Points

The universal solvent is known as ● ● ● ● ●

Answer Key:E

A. Ethanol B. Chloroform C. Acetone D. Milk E. Water...