Rehabilitation of offenders PDF

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Rehabilitation of offenders Lecture 10 30/10/2018 RNR Model Main proponents: - Don Andrews - James bonta main therapeutic principles to guide treatment - Risk - need - responsivity The Good Lives model Main proponents: - tony ward (nz psychologist) o psychologist so based on the individual offender o positive psychology Critique of RNR - too negative o views offenders in negative ways o fails to adopt a constructive way to rehabilitate offenders - too narrow/focused on risk - underplays offender’s personal agency and life goals - ignores the offender as a person – looks at the offender as a bunch of risks and criminogenic needs - one size fits all approach - Need to broaden the scope of offenders What is the good life model - Strength based model - Places a strong emphasis on human agency - Assumption of ‘primary human goods’ which are universal o Notion that we all share something in common offender or not: o Life, knowledge, excellence in play and work, excellence in agency, inner peace, relatedness, spirituality, happiness, creativity.  When any of these things are absent a person is likely to experience psychological problems.  When these are present its associated with well-being. - A plan to effectively secure these human good without harming other people. - Takes into account the offender’s strength and personal support - Should balance the human goods and risks o Too much on personal goals = dangerous person o Too much on risk = defiant person as they see no good To equip the offender to persue primary human good in a different way without harming others.

Based on Merton’s strain theory Two routes to offending: - Direct: o See something they want, commit a crime to get it - Indirect: o The pursuit of a particular good leads indivertibly to offend

The desistance paradigm Fergus McNeill – criminologist - He claims it ignores research on why people stop offending alone without any help. - Too focused on psychological processes (human capital) o Human capital is the value of a person’s skills knowledge and experience - Too much emphasis on interventions - Little attention to social capital o Social capital is the value of a person’s relationships and networks Desistance process: - Ontogenic: ‘growing out of crime’ (Glueck & Glueck 1940) - Sociogenic: ‘a steady job and the love of a good woman’ (Maruna 2001) social bonds provide a stake in conformity (Sampson & Laub 1993) What McNeill sees the RNR model as:

McNeill claims the intervention process needs to be decentralised, he doesn’t reject that programmes can be useful, but he believes that the change process isn’t as straight forward and the RNR model is too reductionist. He believes RNR has downplayed offender’s motivation Both models place too much emphasis on the individual, more attention needs to payed to developing opportunities and social capital for offenders.

Desistance focused rehabilitation: Must be individualised for the individual Sensitive to offender’s social capital needs Should think about forms of practical and psychological help Pay greater attention to the offenders motivation to change And to quality of relationship – not only friends and family but to rehabilitation professionals....