Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) PDF

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Summary

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Description

Respiratory syncytial virus: Bronchiolitis What am I ? Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a very common virus that leads to mild, cold-like symptoms in adults and older healthy children. It can be more serious in young babies, especially those in certain high-risk groups

Patho The inflammatory process leads to airway edema and accumulation of mucus and cellular debris. Obstruction of the airway leads to overinflation of the alveoli or atelectasis in some instances.

Risk factors ❖ ❖ ❖

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Prematurity Crowded places with people who may be infected Exposure to other children (e.g., in daycare) or to older siblings attending school Infants younger than 6 months of age Smoke Congenital disorders Young children, especially those under 1 year of age, who were born prematurely or who have an underlying condition, such as congenital heart or lung disease Children with weakened immune systems Adults with asthma, congestive heart failure, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) People with immunodeficiency, including those with certain transplanted organs, leukemia, or HIV/AIDS

Diagnostics

Assessment ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖

Sneezing Rhinorrhea Low grade fever Coughing Wheezing Retractions Nasal flaring Dyspnea Prolonged expiratory phase Intermittent cyanosis

R: Rhinorrhea, retractions U: Unable to expire N: Nasal flaring N: Not a high fever Y: Yes they may be blue N: Not able to breathe O: Overloaded, crackles S: Some wheezing Expiratory phase is prolonged

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Secretions from the nose and throat are cultured. ELISA test IFA test

Treatments ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖

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Suction Possible mechanical ventilation Iv fluids High humidity and fluids Rest Mist therapy with oxygen via hood or tent to alleviate dyspnea and hypoxia Ribavirin for severely ill: aerosol mist Palivizumab Albuterol Antipyretics

Interventions ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖

Continuous respiratory assessments Hand washing Place the client on isolation: Droplet Do not care for other high risks clients. Do not care for this client if pregnant....