Review of Related Literature about Enrollment System PDF

Preview

Summary

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREEnrollmentAccording to the American Community Survey (ACS), about a quarter (26 percent) of the U. population over the age of 3 were enrolled in school in 2018 This report brings together the latest data from both the ACS and the Current Population Survey (CPS); two compl...

Description

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Enrollment According to the American Community Survey (ACS), about a quarter (26 percent) of the U.S. population over the age of 3 were enrolled in school in 2018.1 This report brings together the latest data from both the ACS and the Current Population Survey (CPS); two complementary U.S. Census Bureau surveys that provide data on school enrollment in the United States, in order to provide a comprehensive, holistic picture of the state of school enrollment. Specifically, this report outlines the current picture of education in America and discusses how the latest numbers compare with historical levels.2 The data in this report are the most recent available from the surveys reported here. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions in activities in the United States and around the world. Preliminary indications from other sources show that school enrollment was changed in form more than in numbers. According to data from the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse survey, nearly 93 percent of people in households with school-aged children reported their children engaged in some form of “distance learning” from home.3 Data collected by the National Student Clearinghouse show that changes in college enrollment (including shifts in the number of courses taken) in spring 2020 were no different from the average rate and pattern of the prior two years.4 The picture of school enrollment in this report can serve as a baseline for understanding these changes and those that emerge in coming months and years. Highlights from the sections of the report using ACS data are: • In 2018, school enrollment included 5.0 million nursery school students, 4.0 million kindergarteners, 32.8 million students in first through eighth grades, 17.1 million high schoolers, 17.8 million undergraduate students, and 4.3 million graduate students.5 • High school dropout rates—defined as the percentage of people who are not enrolled in school and do not have a high school degree—declined (13 percent of all 18- to 24year-olds in 2005 to 6 percent in 2018), and the racial and ethnic differences in high school dropout rates have narrowed. • In 2018, approximately 21 percent of graduate students and 12 percent of undergraduate students were foreign-born. According to Alex Pacheco – the enrollment process of an educational institution becomes very complex when the waiting time is prolonged and crowds of people are created. Technological tools are the most effective way to deal with this problem. Therefore, this research seeks to optimize the processes that make up the enrollment management of an educational institution through the implementation of a digital enrollment system. The development of the digital enrollment system was divided into four phases. Planning: Where the system requirements were described. Design: A simple model was chosen according to the established requirements. Coding: Programming languages were used that helped in the structure, customization and operation of the system. Test: The system was verified for errors. In this sense, the digital enrollment process was optimized, such as student enrollment, registration and reports, allowing the reduction of crowds, time and human effort. It allowed collaborative work at a distance between the institution and the students, being a technological and innovative aid that reduces the time of the enrollment processes, in an equitable and

transparent way, guaranteeing freedom of choice and equal access opportunities to remote education in times of pandemic. References: Bauman, K., & Cranney, S. (2020). School Enrollment in the United States: 2018. Population Characteristics. Current Population Reports. P20-584. Chamilco, M., Pacheco, A., Peñaranda, C., Felix, E., & Ruiz, M. (2021). Materials and methods on digital enrollment system for educational institutions. Materials Today: Proceedings....