Sample/practice exam 16 June 2019, questions and answers PDF

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Download Sample/practice exam 16 June 2019, questions and answers PDF

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Plant Diversity and Ecology ENS221 Revision for Lecture 3 Lecturer; Dr Alison Shapcott References; Groves RH 1994 Australian Vegetation (2nd edition) Attiwil &Wilson 2003 Ecology part4 Knox et al 2001 Biology chs 41 and 43 Adam P. 1992 Australian Rainforests Augee M, and Fox M 2000 Biology of Australia and New Zealand. ch2 Read I.G. 1994 The Bush; a guide to the vegetated landscapes of Australia Flora of Australia Vol 1 (hardback reference version ) Specht classification table ( on blackboard)

Key terms you should know and understand *Biome *Life form *convergent evolution  Specht major Australian vegetation types  Fire regime  Bradysporous fruits Questions you should be able to answer; 1. What is a biome? A biome is large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna that occupy a major habitat and have common characteristics suited to there environment. 2. What determines the global distribution of Biomes? Climate - temperature and water are major determinants of biomes and vegetation types 3. How does temperature affect nutrient availability? Temperature can affect nutrient availability by affecting the abundance of microorganisms with in the soil which decompose matter. Higher temperatures and corresponding humidity results in an increased rate of decomposition and increased abundance of microorganisms. 4. How does water availability affect nutrient availability? Water availability affect the amount of nutrient available to plants and the rate at which nutrients becomes available. 5. Within a Biome what other environmental factors affect variation in the vegetation? Environmental factors such as climate, temperature, water availability, nutrients availability. The nutrient availability can vary depending on parent rock which affects the type of soil present and therefore the distribution and composition of

vegetation. Other factors which affect vegetation type include, soil moisture, aspect, relief and disturbance. 6. What are the major vegetation types (according to Specht) in Australia? 1. Heathlands 2. Woodlands 3. Chenopod shrublands 4. Scrubs and shrublands 5. Open forests 6. Tall open forest 7. Rainforest 7. Briefly describe each of the major vegetation types in Australia (as per Specht)? Tall open forests – >30m tall, 70% crown cover, occur in high rainfall areas, contain tallest angiosperms Open forests – 10-30m high, dominated by Eucalypts, 30-70% foliage foliage cover, dependent on fire regimes Woodlands- adapted to fire and water stress, >2m tall, crowns don’t touch, dominated by woody perennials Scrubs and shrubs- semi arid to arid regions, regenerate from lignotubers after fire Chenopod shrublands -...