SET 1 - Rob Smith PDF

Preview

Summary

Rob Smith...

Description

SET 1 Science is a body of knowledge; a collection of unified insights about nature, the evidence for which is an array of facts.

Theory is a general set of principles, supported by evidence, that explains some aspect of nature.

Scientific Method an observation leads to the formulation of a question about the natural world; observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion

Hypothesis a tentative, testable explanation for an observed phenomenon.; a hypothesis must be testable through experimentation, observation, or mathematical demonstration

Biology is the study of life.

Characteristics of Living Things 1. assimilate energy 2. Respond to their environment 3.Maintain a relatively constant internal environment. 4. Reproduce. 5. Possess an inherited information base, encoded in DNA, that allows them to function. 6. Are composed of one or more cells. 7. Are evolved from other living things 8. Are highly organized compared to inanimate objects

Life is Hierarchical ranging in increasing complexity from atoms to molecules to organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and the biosphere.

Evolution the gradual modification of populations of living things over time, with this modification sometimes resulting in the development of new species

Science an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world

Observation a process of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way

Hypothesis a possible explanation for a set of observations or a possible answer to a scientific question

The goals of science to give explanations for natural events, to understand patterns and to make predictions.

Scientific methodology involves the steps of the scientific method which are observing and asking questions inferring and forming a hypothesis designing a controlled experiment collecting and analyzing data drawing conclusions

Controlled experiment an experiment in which only one variable is changed

Control group the group in an experiment that is exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group except for one independent variable

Data evidence and information gathered from observations

Qualitative date describes things that cannot be counted

Quantitative data numbers found by counting of measuring

Four scientific attitudes curiosity, skepticism, open-mindedness, and creativity

When scientists have their work reviewed they review and share their ideas with other scientists

Peer review scientists have their work reviewed by anonymous scientists

Why is peer review important because publishing peer reviewed papers in scientific journals lets scientists share ideas and review each other's work

Theory

a well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations and hypotheses, and enables scientists to make accurate predictions about new situations

Bias a particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather than scientific

Scientific theory a well-tested explanation that accounts for a lot of observations and hypotheses and that lets scientists make good predictions

Science and society using science involves understanding its limitations and how it fits into society

Biology the study of life

Living things must have what characteristics in order to be considered a living organism? Living things are based on a universal genetic code (DNA) Living things grow and develop (grow is to increase in size & develop is to change or mature) Living things respond to their environment (a stimulus causes a response) Living things reproduce (asexual = 1 parent, sexual = 2 parents) Living things maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis) Living things get and use material and energy (food, nutrients and water) Living things are made up of cells Living things evolve (change over time)

metabolism building up or breaking down of materials

Biosphere the part of Earth in which all life exists, including land, ware and air

Biology is made up of many overlapping fields that use different tools to study what? life from the level of molecules to the whole planet

What measuring system do scientists use when collecting data and performing experiments? The metric system

The metric system is based on how many units? 10

What are some common metric units? Length measure in meters Mass measured in grams Volume measured in liters Temperature measured in degrees Celsius...