Simple Distillation PDF

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Simple DistillationObjectives: (3 points)I. Observations: 1. Ignition or Flame Test: Fraction Vdoislutimellat eo f Temperature, oC ( 1 pt) ProIndtuecnesdity Uopf oFnla meIgn ition ( 2 pts) ----- drop first 78 - ---- 1st 1 mL 79 +++ 2nd 3 mL 82 ++ 3rd 5 mL 92 ++ 4th 7 mL 93 ++ 5th 9 mL 95 + 6th 11 mL...

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Simple Distillation

Organic Chem Laboratory Manual

Simple Distillation Objectives: (3 points)

I.

Observatio Observations: ns: Ignition or Flame Test:

1.

Fraction

Volume of distillate

Temper emperature, ature, oC (1 pt)

Intensity of Flame Produced Upon Igni Ignition tion pts)

first -----

2.

drop

---78

+++

1st

1 mL

79

2nd

3 mL

82

3rd

5 mL

92

4th

7 mL

93

5th

9 mL

95

6th

11 mL

97

7th

13 mL

98

8th

15 mL

100

a) color of distillate (0 pt) b) odor of distillate (0 pt)

++ ++ ++ + + +

colorless rubbing alcohol

-

(2

Simple Distillation

Organic Chem Laboratory Manual

Draw the distillation set-up and label the parts. Your drawing must reflect details like, the

3.

thermometer bulb level, water outlet and inlet, vent, receiver, distilling flask, condenser, adapter and T-tube (5 pts).

II.

Questions:

1.

Based on the results of your ignition test, which fraction has the: (2 pts each) a)

highest ethanol content?

b)

lowest ethanol content?

1st Fraction 8th Fraction or the last Fraction

2.

What is the observed boiling point of ethanol: 79 o C (2 pts)

3.

Give the literature boiling point of ethanol: 78.5 o C (2 pts)

4.

What is/are the component/s of the distillate collected at 79 o - 98o range? (4 pts)

•

Ethanol

Simple Distillation

Organic Chem Laboratory Manual

From your results, is simple distillation effective in separating ethanol from its aqueous

5.

mixture? (yes or no) Yes (1 pts) Why? (2pts) The ethanol got separated from its aqueous mixture using the Simple Distillation because of the huge number of differences in their temperature. Due to water and ethanol b.p the said distillate still has ethanol. In comparison with Fractional Distillation, it is more preferable in liquid separation.

If the water inlet and water outlet are interconverted in the distillation set-up, will the

6.

distillation be still effective? (1 pt) Why? (2 pts) There’s no way it can be effective. If not permanently inhabit in the condenser (the water) because it will go down. If so, the condenser temperature will go up, and the outcome is inaccurate because it is out of condensation. Why is it dangerous to distill:

7. a)

an organic compound in an assembly that is tightly closed at every point and has no vent or opening to the atmosphere? (3 pts)

If it is tightly closed at every point, it may build pressure because it is out of vents and the glass will probably break out and ooze. That’s why it’s dangerous to the person because it breaks and explodes the glass, and it may hit the person making it a risk. b)

low-boiling liquid e.g. tuba using a Bunsen burner? (3 pts each)

The Bunsen burner can immediately heat the liquid in the flasks, it’s dangerous when the liquid has a low boiling point. If so it might combust and can open flame, that’s the reason why the higher boiling point is more preferable.

8.

Why should the distilling flask be filled to not more than 2/3 full? (3 pts)

Because of an immediate expansion of liquid when boiling when it’s 2/3 full. But if the flask is full in the process of distillation, it will b e slower than we expected. 9.

Graph the temperature of the mixture (y-axis) versus the volume of distillate (x-axis). Use the attached graphing paper (5 pts).

Simple Distillation

Organic Chem Laboratory Manual

Simple Distillation

Organic Chem Laboratory Manual...