Skeletal Worksheet PDF

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Skeletal lab worksheet...

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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM Complete all worksheet questions as you make observations on the model of the skeleton. Then save this file as ‘Lastname_SkeletalWorksheet’ and submit for grading within your course module. Each table item is worth 1 point for a total of up to 20 points possible.

Experiment 1: Physical Skeleton – The Axial Skeleton Data Tables Table 15: Cervical Vertebrae Observations Vertebral Feature Size of cervical vertebrae in comparison to those of the thoracic and lumbar region

Shape of the vertebral foramen

Spinous process of the C3 – C6 vertebrae

Spinous process of the C7 vertebra

Observations Thoracic vertebrae are larger than those in the cervical region. The lumbar vertebrae are larger than those of the thoracic. Cervical vertebrae have a triangular foramen. Thoracic vertebrae have a circular foramen. Lumbar vertebrae have a triangular foramen. C3-C6 vertebrae are short; these can be found by running your finger down the midline of the neck.

C7 vertebrae is much longer than C3-C6. It is located at the base of the neck.

Table 16: Thoracic Vertebrae Observations Vertebral Feature

Observations

Size and weight of the thoracic vertebrae in comparison to those of the cervical and lumbar region

The cervical vertebrae are the smallest, the thoracic is the second largest, while the lumbar is the largest.

Shape of the vertebral body

Appearance and projection direction of the spinous process

Long, pointed spinous process, which slopes downward. Long and thick; transverse processes project posteriorly at sharp angles. Each thoracic vertebra has a long, pointed spinous process, which slopes downward.

©eScience Labs, 2016

Table 17: Lumbar Vertebrae Observations Vertebral Feature

Observations

Size of the lumbar vertebrae in comparison to those of the cervical and thoracic region

The lumbar vertebrae are the largest in comparison to those of the cervical and thoracic region.

Shape of the vertebral body

Larger and wider than the thoracic vertebrae

Appearance and projection direction of the spinous process

Project laterally, whereas their short, thick spinous processes are nearly horizontal where they project posteriorly.

Table 18: Rib Feature Observations Rib Feature

Observations

Length of ribs 1 – 7 (do they increase or decrease in length?)

Increase in length as you move down. The first seven rib pairs, called the true ribs, join the sternum directly by their costal cartilages.

Length of ribs 8 – 12 (do they increase or decrease in length?)

Decrease in length. Eight through ten attaches indirectly to the sternum. The lower two pairs are called floating ribs.

Articulation of the ribs and thoracic vertebrae (notice the specific rib and vertebra that articulate)

Ribs are anchored posteriorly to the thoracic vertebrae.

©eScience Labs, 2016

1. Indicate whether the following bones are cranial or facial bones, and give their location. Bone

Facial or Cranial Location

Temporal Bones

Cranial- Lateral wall inferior to the parietal bone on both sides of skull; extend inferiorly behind ears.

Mandible

Facial- Lower jaw; articulates with temporal bone; only bone in the skull that is mobile

Vomer

Facial- Midline of the nasal cavity; divides the cavity into the right and left halves (nostrils).

Zygomatic Bones

Facial- Bones form the observable cheek; extend superiorly toward the frontal bone, medically toward the maxilla, posteriorly toward the temporal bone.

Parietal Bones

Cranial- Superior lateral wall on both sides of skull; come together at the midline of the skull.

Ethmoid Bone

Cranial- Floor of the anterior portion of the skull, roof of the nose; connects cranial and facial bones.

Sphenoid Bone

Cranial- Base of the skull; forms the superior and lateral walls of the eye, posterior to ethmoid; can palpate only greater wing located anterior to the ear.

©eScience Labs, 2016...