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summer’’s day?)! Sonnet 18 (Shall I compare thee to a summer

By William Shakespeare ' Shall'I'compare'thee'to'a'summer's'day?'' Thou'art'more'lovely'and'more'temperate:' Rough'winds'do'shake'the'darling'buds'of'May,' And'summer's'lease'hath'all'too'short'a'date:'' Sometime'too'hot'the'eye'of'heaven'shines,' And'often'is'his'gold'complexion'dimm'd;'' And'every'fair'from'fair'sometime'declines,' By'chance,'or'nature's'changing'course,'untrimm'd;' But'thy'eternal'summer'shall'not'fade' Nor'lose'possession'of'that'fair'thou'ow'st;' Nor'shall'Death'brag'thou'wander'st'in'his'shade,' When'in'eternal'lines'to'time'thou'grow'st;'' So'long'as'men'can'breathe'or'eyes'can'see,' So'long'lives'this,'and'this'gives'life'to'thee.'

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Sonnet 1188 (Shall I compare tthee hee to a summer’s d day? ay?) By William Shakespeare Directions:'Work'to'paraphrase'the'poem'into'its'literal'meaning,'identify' the'examples'of'figurative'language'and/or'poetic'devices,'and'determine' the'tone'of'the'poem'and'the'poem’s'theme.' ' How'to'analyze'figurative'language:'' 1. Identify.and.state.the.type.of.figurative.language'is'being'used.'' (Simile,'metaphor,'personification,'hyperbole,'or'alliteration)' 2. Explain'why.it.is.an.example.of.that.device.'If'it'is'a' comparison,'include'both'the'tenor'and'the'vehicle.'The'tenor'is' the'subject'of'the'comparison,'the'vehicle'is'the'image'or'idea'that'represents'the'subject.'' 3. Explain'the.idea.the.writer.is.expressing.through.the.language.'Don’t'just'define'the'term,' explain'how'and'why'it'is'used.'

. Shall'I'compare'thee'to'a'summer’s'day?''

Lines.1-4.(Vocabulary):.....Define'the'following:. '

Thou'art'more'lovely'and'more'temperate:'

Temperate:'

Rough'winds'do'shake'the'darling'buds'of'May,'

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And'summer’s'lease'hath'all'too'short'a'date:''

' Label.the.rhyme.scheme:. . Line.1:.. Type'of'figurative'language:' ' ' Tenor:''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''Vehicle:' ' ' ' ' Line.4:.(Figurative.Language). Type'of'figurative'language:' ' ' ' ' Why'is'“summer’s'lease”'too'short?' ' ' ' ' .

Lease:' ' Art'(not'the'subject):' ' Line.1:.. Who'is'“thee”?'What'are'two'possible'options?'' ' '

. Whole.Stanza:.. Why'do'you'think'the'speaker'chose'summer'to' make'the'comparison?'' '

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Name:'__________________________________'Period:'____________'

Sometime'too'hot'the'eye'of'heaven'shines,'

Lines.5-8.(Vocabulary):.....Define'the'following:. Complexion:'

And'often'is'his'gold'complexion'dimm’d;''

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And'every'fair'from'fair'sometime'declines,'

Dimm’d'(or'dimmed):'

By'chance,'or'nature's'changing'course,''

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''''''''''untrimm’d;'

' Label.the.rhyme.scheme:.

Fair:' ' Untrimm’d'(or'untrimmed):' '

. Lines.5-6.(Figurative.Language):. ' Type'of'figurative'language:' ' ' ' Effect:'

' Lines.6-7.(Figurative.Language):. An'anaphora'is'repetition'of'a'word'or'phrase'at' the'beginning'of'successive'clauses.'Identify'the' anaphora'in'these'lines.' ' ' What'effect'does'it'create?' '

' Line.8:.(Connotations). '“Untrimm’d”'is'also'a'sailing'term.'Untrimmed' sails'on'a'ship'are'those'which'have'not'been' adjusted'to'properly'catch'the'wind.'How'does' this'give'“untrimm’d”'an'opposite'meaning'from' the'obvious'(made'ugly'by'natural'changes)?' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' . What.is.the.tone.of.the.poem.up.to.this.point?.

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. Line.8.(Figurative.Language):. Identify'an'example'of'alliteration'in'this'line.' ' ' ' ' What'effect'does'it'create?'

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Name:'__________________________________'Period:'____________'

But'thy'eternal'summer'shall'not'fade' Nor'lose'possession'of'that'fair'thou'ow'st;' Nor'shall'Death'brag'thou'wander'st'in'his'shade,' When'in'eternal'lines'to'time'thou'grow'st;''

Lines.9-12:.. Where'does'the'Volta'occur?'How'do'you'know?' ' ' ' How'does'the'speaker’s'mood'change?' '

' Label.the.rhyme.scheme:. . Line.10.(Connotations):.. Does'the'word'“ow’st”'mean'owns'or'owes?' Explain'your'opinion'and'the'meaning'of'each'in' context.' '

' Line.11:.(Figurative.Language). What'is'the'figurative'language'used?' ' ' What'is'the'effect'of'the'device?' ' '

' Lines.9-12:.. Notice'that'the'word'eternal*appears'twice'in'this' quatrain.'Circle.them.above.' ' What'tone'does'the'repetition'of'this'word'create?' ' ' '

So'long'as'men'can'breathe'or'eyes'can'see,' So'long'lives'this,'and'this'gives'life'to'thee.'

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. Line.12.(Figurative.Language):.. Identify'the'metaphor'in'this'line.'' Tenor:'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''Vehicle:' ' ' Meaning:' ' ' ' Lines.13-14.(Figurative.Language):. Identify'the'anaphora.' ' ' What'effect'does'it'create?'

Label.the.rhyme.scheme:. . Line.14.(Figurative.Language):.. Identify'the'alliteration'in'this'line.' ' ' What'effect'does'it'create?' ' .

' Line.14.(Figurative.Language):. Identify'the'personification.' ' ' '

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Name:'__________________________________'Period:'____________'

The poem overall Who'or'what'is'the'subject'of'this'poem?' ' ' Who'is'the'speaker'of'the'poem?'Remember,'the'speaker'of'the'poem'is'not'always'the'poet.' ' ' ' Who'is'the'speaker'speaking'to'(the.audience)'in'the'poem?'How'do'you'know?' ' ' ' Pick'two'tone.adjectives'to'describe'the'speaker’s'attitude.towards.the.subject.' ' ' ' Identify'the'poem’s'central.theme.'What'is'the'purpose'of'the'poem'overall?'What'is'Shakespeare' suggesting'about'life'or'love?'' ' ' Line'11'contains'a'Biblical.allusion'to'Psalm'23:4:'“Even'though'I'walk'through'the'valley'of'the'shadow' of'death,'I'fear'no'evil,'for'You'are'with'me;'Your'rod'and'Your'staff,'they'comfort'me.”'How'does'this' information'help'shape'the'speaker’s'purpose?' ' ' ' Do'you'think'the'speaker'is'right'when'he'implies'the'poem'keeps'living'as'long'as'humans'keep' breathing?'Explain.'' ' ' ' One'a'scale'of'1-10,'with'10'being'the'highest,'how'strong'of'a'love'poem'is'this?'Explain.'' ' '

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Sonnet.18.Answer.Key . Quatrain.1:.. . ABAB. Lines.1-4.Vocabulary:.Temperate'='calm,'even;'Lease'='a'contract'by'which'one'party'conveys'land,' property,'services,'etc.,'to'another'for'a'specified'time,'usually'in'return'for'a'periodic'payment;'Art'='are' Line.1:.Metaphor.'Tenor'='“thee”'Vehicle'='summer’s'day' Line.1:.The'beloved'or'the'audience'reading'the'poem' Line.4:'Personification,'giving'summer'the'human'characteristic'having'a'lease'on'something.'The'lease' is'too'short'because'it'doesn’t'last'forever,'although'it'does'come'back'year-after-year.'' Line.4:'Summer'has'a'connotation'of'bliss'and'happiness.'It'is'when'things'are'alive'and'at'their'peak.' ' Quatrain.2:. .CDCD. . Lines.5-8.Vocab:'Complexion='color'and'appearance'of'skin,'fair='beautiful'or'favorable;'Untrimm’d'=' not'having'been'trimmed'or'without'decoration'(like'trim'the'Christmas'tree)'Dimm’d='to'become'less' bright' Lines.5-6:'The'sun'is'personified'by'having'a'gold'complexion.'It'is'also'referred'to'as'the'“eye'of' heaven,”'keeping'watch'for'heaven.' Lines.6-7:'Anaphora'='“And”'The'use'of'the'word'continues'the'idea'of'why'summer'isn’t'a'good' comparison'for'“thee.”' Line.8:'Nature'could'be'untrimmed'because'it'is'unruly,'but'this'is'also'reference'a'nautical'term:' untrimmed'sails'on'a'ship'are'those'which'have'not'been'adjusted'to'catch'the'wind'properly.'The'course' or'progress'of'nature'is'erratic,'uncontrolled.' Line.8:'The'Cs'in'“changing”'and'“course”'are'alliterated.'The'repetition'of'the'sound'emphasizes'how' nature'changes.' ' Quatrain.3:.. . EFEF. Lines.9-12:'The'volta'occurs'with'the'word'But,'which'signifies'a'transition.'Instead'of'complaining' about'summer,'there'is'focus'now'on'“thee.”' Line.10:'Answers'may'vary,'but'both'work'as'either'the'beloved'won’t'lose'the'beauty'he/she'possesses' “owns”,'or'won’t'have'to'return'the'beauty'borrowed'from'nature'and'now'owes'back.' Line.11:'Death'is'personified'as'bragging,'suggesting'that'even'death'can’t'take'away'the'beloved’s' beauty.' Lines.9-12:'The'repetition'of'the'word'eternal'could'suggest'the'idea'of'the'beloved’s'beauty'being' everlasting.'It'also'emphasizes'the'idea'of'the'poem'lasting'for'all'eternity.' Line.12:'Tenor='“time,”'Vehicle'='“lines”'of'the'poem.'The'poem'is'like'time'because'it'also'has'a'meter.' ' ' Couplet:.. . GG. Line.13:'The'anaphora'of'“So'long”'emphasizes'how'long'the'poem'(and'“thee’s”'beauty)'will'last.' Line.14:'The'repetition'of'the'L'sound'in'the'words'“long,”'“live,”'and'“last”'again'emphasize'the'eternal' nature'of'the'poem'and'thee’s'beauty.'' Line.14:'The'poem'is'personified'as'living'long.''' ' ' Subject:'Love,'beauty' ' Speaker:'We'don’t'know'any'personal'details'about'the'speaker,'but'it'at'first'appears'to'be'someone' who'is'professing'love'for'his/her'beloved.'Later'in'the'poem'we'realize'the'poem'appears'to'be'more' concerned'with'him/herself'and'the'poem.'

' Name:'__________________________________'Period:'____________' ' Tone:'Egotistical,'hopeful'' ' Theme:'Poetry'and'literature'have'the'power'to'serve'as'vehicles'of'self-expression,'beauty'and'the' natural'world'cannot'escape'the'ravages'of'time,'Ideas'of'love,'beauty,'and'death'are'timeless,'Self-love' trumps'love'for'others' ' Allusion:'The'allusion'here'again'emphasizes'the'idea'that'even'death'can’t'take'away'the'beloved’s' beauty'and'the'power'of'the'poem.'It'also'bright'to'light'the'idea'of'true'identity'or'reason'being'hidden.' ' Answers'may'vary,'but'some'possibilities'are:'The'speaker'is'being'spiteful'since'“heaven”'was'“deaf,”'he' doesn’t'want'to'take'the'Lord’s'name'in'vain,'He'questions'his'beliefs'and'not'mentioning'God’s'name' shows'this.' ' Some'may'think'the'poem'ranks'as'a'10,'but'on'a'closer'reading'the'poem'isn’t'really'about'the'speaker’s' love'for'the'beloved.'Instead,'it'seems'to'be'more'of'an'ego-trip'for'the'speaker,'as'he/she'appears'to'care' more'about'the'poem'written'than'the'beloved.''...