Study Guide Ch 6 Sedimentary rocks PDF

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Study Guide Chapter 6 Sedimentary Rocks 1) Which rock type can contain fossils? -Sedimentary Rocks 2) Which rock type or combination of rock types makes up 90-95% of the outer 16 km of the crust? -Igneous and Metamorphic rocks 3) __Sediments__ are fragments of pre-existing materials that have been broken down through the processes of weathering. 5) What is an organic sedimentary rock made of? -Remains of once living organisms 6) _Lithification_ is the process where sediments are converted into a sedimentary rock. 7) Which minerals are the main constituents in most sedimentary rocks? -Quartz 9) Which environment would be likely to produce a black shale or coal? 10) Which of the methods of transportation will result in the best degree of sorting? 11) Which of the methods of transportation will result in the coarsest sorting (poorest sorting)? 12) ___Sorting___ describes the range in particle sizes in a detrital sedimentary rock. 13) What best describes the appearance and composition of a conglomerate? -Bretchet 14) Which rock is the most abundant chemical sedimentary rock? -Limestone 15) ________ processes such as evaporation and chemical activity can precipitate chemical sediments. 16) ___Limestone___ is a biochemical sedimentary rock that often forms in carbonate reefs. 20) Which environment would most likely produce interbedded gypsum and halite? -Evaporite 21) Which trace materias produce bright-red colors in some cherts? -Iron 25) The primary basis for classifying clastic rocks is _______ whereas the primary basis for classifying chemical rocks is __Composition__.

27) What is the single most common and characteristic feature of sedimentary rocks? -Layers or Bedding 28) A __Contact___ marks the end of one episode of sedimentation and the beginning of another.

True/False Questions 1) There are no sediments on the deep sea floor. -False 3) Sediments and sedimentary rocks are secondary reservoirs of groundwater after fractured igneous rock. -False 4) Particle shape is the primary basis for distinguishing among various detrital sedimentary rocks. -False 5) Due to its size, stream gravels need a swift current to be transported whereas sands need a current with less energy. -True 8) Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified according to particle size whereas chemical sedimentary rocks are classified based on their dominant minerals. -True 9) Marine organisms can form chemical sediments. -True 10) Chalk is a soft, porous rock composed of the hard parts of microscopic marine organisms. -True 11) The raw material for coal is dead marine organisms. 14) Burning of fossil fuels will release CO2 to the atmosphere. -True

Matching Questions Match the rock with the appropriate category of sedimentary rock. (The choices may be used more than once.) A) Chemical B) Classic C) Organic Classic Chemical or Organic Classic Organic Chemical Organic

1) Conglomerate 2) Chert 3) Shale 4) Bituminous Coal 5) Rock Salt 6) Coquina

Match the sediment size with the appropriate rock. (Answers may be used more than once.)

7) Breccia 8) shale 9) Sandstone 10) conglomerate

Gravel Clay Sand Gravel

A) Clay B) Gravel C) Silt D) Sand

Match the environment of deposition with the appropriate category. Answers will be used more than once. 19) Alluvial Fan 20) Deep Marine 21) Mudflat 22) Swamp 23) Rivers 24) Beach 25) Lakes 26) Reef

A) Marine Environment B) Transitional Environment C) Continental Environment Continental Environment Continental Environment Transitional Environment Continental Environment Marine Environment Marine Environment...