System Disorder- GI bleed PDF

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ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:

System Disorder

Peters ST UDENT NAME Kayla _____________________________________ GI bleed DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS __________________________________________________________

Alterations in Health (Diagnosis) a symptom of a disorder in your digestive tract. The blood often appears in stool or vomit but isn't always visible, though it may cause the stool to look black or tarry. The level of bleeding can range from mild to severe and can be life-threatening.

Pathophysiology Related to Client Problem Acute upper GI bleeding may originate in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Upper GI bleeding can be categorized based upon anatomic and pathophysiologic factors: ulcerative, vascular, traumatic, iatrogenic, tumors, portal hypertension.Acute lower GI bleeding may originate in the small bowel, colon or rectum[21]. The causes of acute lower GI bleeding may also be grouped into categories based on the pathophysiology: vascular, inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic and iatrogenic.

REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention limit use of NSAIDs and alcohol, smoking cessation, if patient has GERD, follow doctor's instructions

ASSESSMENT

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

Risk Factors

Expected Findings

Upper: Peptic Ulcer, tears in the lining of the esophagus, esophageal varices, and esophagitis Lower: Diverticular disease, IBD, Tumors, Colon polyps, Hemorrhoids, anal fissures and Proctitis

Vomiting blood, which might be red or might be dark brown and resemble coffee grounds in texture, Black, tarry stool Rectal bleeding, usually in or with stool, Lightheadedness, Difficulty breathing, Fainting, Chest pain, and Abdominal pain

Laboratory Tests CBC and Stool test

Diagnostic Procedures Nasogastric lavage, endoscopy, colonscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, angiography and CT scan

PATIENT-CENTERED CARE

Nursing Care monitor intake and output, assess VS, administer fluids as prescribed, administer medications to alleviate pain as prescribed, teach patient deep-breathing, prepare patient for endoscopy

Therapeutic Procedures GI diagnositc procedure, Medications, IV Fluids and Blood transfusion.

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES

-eat foods high in iron to replace by blood loss -avoid taking NSAIDs -Avoid drinking alcohol -get out of bed or up from the chair slowly -remove clutter -instruct the patient to call for nurse when planning on getting up and moving

Complications Medications -PPI -Octreotide -Antibiotic

Client Education Seek care immediately if symptoms return, rest as directed, educate on preventing future GI bleeds, and follow up with the healthcare provider

-Shock -Anemia -Death

Interprofessional Care -Primary Provider -Gastroenterologist

THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE

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