Test of Authenticity & Credibility of Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General and The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan books PDF

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Readings in Philippine HistoryName: Diana Rose I. OrillaA. Test of AuthenticitySOURCEBrief Description of the Source The Competence of the AuthorOrigin of the Information NarratedDate of the Information and Milieu Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General The book was written by Santiago V...

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Readings in Philippine History Name: Diana Rose I. Orilla

A. Test of Authenticity

SOURCE Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General

Brief Description of the Source  The book was written by Santiago V. Alvarez, the son of Mariano M. Alvarez, originally written in Filipino language. 

It was published first by the Tagalog weekly Sampagita in 1920s then, later on, Ateneo de Manila University published it in 1992 together with the English translation of the book translated by Paulina Carolina Malay.

The Competence of the Author  Given that Santiago Alvarez, the author as an eyewitness of the event in Tejeros convention, the book itself is enough for the researchers, students, teachers and etc. in providing information about what happened during the convention in Tejeros. 

Also, the information that the author has written is very detailed, for an example, the dialogues are verbatim somehow, since he participated in the conversation, and the dialogues gave clarity to what the people present in the convention are saying, it is not just

Origin of the Information Narrated  The information was narrated and read first in a paper using a pencil for the writing tool. 

Santiago V. Alvarez, himself is the origin as he participated in the election and one of the members present in the event and all the details came from the memory he has in that particular day.

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He wrote it himself, in Filipino, providing a lot of details to the event in Tejeros.

Date of the Information and Milieu  The event happened in March 25, 1897 as per Santiago V. Alvarez's narration and its environment that time is the revolutionary one, or in the process of the fight for the independence of the Philippines in the hands of Spain, and it does conform with the convention since it tackled about the election for the new government of the Philippine Republic.

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Uncertainly, the date I guessed when the notes or information about the Tejeros convention was written, was in the same date when the event

interpreted in simple and lacking words.

The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan

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The author of the book is Teodoro Agoncillo, who is famous for writing Philippine history books and articles.

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In 1956, the book was published by the College of the Liberal Arts of the University of the Philippines first.

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The second edition was made in 2002 and the printing of it happened in 2005.

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The book is considered as primary source since it is written by the eyewitness and also a participant of the convention in Tejeros, that's why it is enough to supplement the history and the people who search for the truth in what happened in that event.

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Teodoro Agoncillo's book is considered as a secondary source since its details came from different primary sources in which he found, and it means that he interpreted it in his own way, definitely he has biases when he wrote the book.

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Mainly, he got Emilio Aguinaldo as one of the sources for writing this book which makes the book authentic since it came from a former member of the Katipunan and President of the Philippines.

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Aeta de Tejeros is one of its origin, which was signed by the forty-four revolutionists who protested against the election results which happened in Tejeros, base on the bibliography of the book.

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Also, the author stated in his dedications that Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo cooperated in providing information that is written in Agoncillo’s book, making him one of

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happened and the following day, March 2527, 1897. It’s because he said in the preface of the book that he wrote notes regarding the Katipunan’s movement before since 1896 to 1901, when he was still an active member of the organization. It's not stated in the preface when exactly did he write his memoirs. According to the book, it was indicated that the convention in Tejeros happened in the birthday of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, which was on March 22, 1897, and its milieu is the concurrent battle for the freedom of the Philippines to the Spanish colonizers. The year the book was passed as an entry in a contest of the country in the year 1947, so it is assumed that it was written in that year too. The milieu of it is the time when the Republic supervised the contest of different written entries

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He is also known for writing different books of Philippine History which makes him more of a sufficient author for providing information of the events in the past by compiling different primary sources and connecting it to explain the history of the Philippines.

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Former President Ferdinand Marcos named him as National Scientist of the Philippines in 1985 for his great contributions in writing the Philippine history, making him more valuable and reliable.

the primary sources of the information written in the book.

about the history of the Philippines.

B. Test of Credibility

SOURCE Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General

Objectives of the Event  First objective of the event is to discuss the strengthening of the defenses of the areas that are still under the Magdiwang. It was

Persons involved in the Event  The Magdiwang members present in the Tejeros convention are Andres Bonifacio, Jacinto Lumbreras, Mariano M. Alvarez, Pascual Alvarez, Ariston

Biases of the Author  Santiago V. Alvarez is one of the eyewitnesses of the Tejeros convention in March 25, 1897; also he is an active member of Katipunan

Similarities and Difference with Other Independent Testimonies  Its similarity to the Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan is that, both of the specific chapters in the two books are tackling about what

the main discussion before Severino de las Alas have suggested a new topic to tackle about or to deal with.

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Election of the new officers for the government of the Philippine Republic became the second objective as it was argued by the members; two of them insisted that it should be the main goal of the convention to resolve the minor issues the organization has.

Villanueva, Mariano C. Trias, Diego Mojica, Emiliano R. de Dios, Santiago V. Alvarez, Artemio Ricarte, Santos Nocon, Luciano San Miguel, Pablo Mojica, Severino de las Alas, and Santiago Rillo.  

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 

Third objective was to execute the election and the appointment of officers fairly by establishing a rule that no one should question about the educational attainment and state of living of the appointed officer in a certain position.

and part of the Magdiwang faction. With regards to that information, it clearly gives an impression that he is biased on his own party which is the Magdiwang.

While in the Magdalo, the only members present in the narration are Baldomero Aguinaldo, Daniel Tirona, and Cayetano Topacio.

Mr. Antonio Montenegro Jose del Rosario

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Trining

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Josephine

Persons mentioned after the event 

Magdiwang Troops

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Fr. Cenon Villafranca

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In his book, particularly in the part of Tejeros convention narration, he narrated that most of the members in the long table was the Magdiwang, only three were from the Magdalo. Also, he stated that Daniel Tirona from Magdalo was persuading and getting allies in to convincing the other members to side with him, and him being the one who distributed the ballots then followed by a warning from Diego Mojica, a Magdiwang member, that the some of the ballots were filled up already.

happened in the Tejeros Convention particularly the election, providing the same objectives of the event and ending of the narration. 

However, Santiago V. Alvarez’s testimony in his book was more detailed since he is an eyewitness and an active participant of the Katipunan and in the event, making his book as one of the primary sources.

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Its differences can be seen through the date of the convention, the mentioned members present in the event and their biases.

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In Alvarez’s book, it was indicated that the Tejeros convention happened on March 25, 1897. Also, Antonio Montenegro’s council in the two factions is not mentioned.

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The last difference of Santiago V. Alvarez’s book is that it only focused on that day of the

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The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan

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And lastly, Bonifacio addressing that the election is nulled and void due to the circumstance that Daniel Tirona questioned him as the appointed Secretary of the Interior. It is one of the objectives because most of his allies have agreed and left immediately with him. One of the objectives of the event was to discuss first what they are planning for the defense of their capital area which is Cavite.

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Nicolas PortillaMagdiwang

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Fr. Manuel Trias

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The Magdiwang members present in the Tejeros convention are Andres Bonifacio, Jacinto Lumbreras, Mariano M. Alvarez, Pascual Alvarez, Ariston

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Base on that scenarios, he is obviously biased to his party, and supporting the idea that the Magdalo faction is against them or sabotaging their plans as a whole because of the incidents involving Daniel Tirona which he narrated in his memoirs. Also, he narrated that the Magdalo and other elected officers in the Tejeros convention have set a meeting secretly and have not acknowledged what Bonifacio said before he left the said event and took their positions, only basing on the eyewitnesses and rumors Alvarez knew. Teodoro Agoncillo being the researcher of this particular event, his biases are limited since he is not one of the primary sources of the past event. He just found

convention in Tejeros and the two following days. 

Its similarity to Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General is that, both of the specific chapters in the two books are tackling about what happened in the Tejeros Convention

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But Severino de las Alas, one of the Magdiwang council, countered Jacinto Lumbreras’ announcement of the main topic, by saying they should first agree what kind of government to establish in order to take control of the whole country, making it the second objective of the event as members have considered doing an election of the new officers for the government of the Republic of the Philippines.

Villanueva, Mariano C. Trias, Diego Mojica, Emiliano R. de Dios, Santiago V. Alvarez, Artemio Ricarte, Santos Nocon, Luciano San Miguel, Pablo Mojica, Severino de las Alas, Teodoro Gonzales and Santiago Rillo.

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While in the Magdalo, the only members present are Baldomero Aguinaldo, Daniel Tirona, Cayetano Topacio and Antonio Montenegro.

primary and secondary sources in order to explain what happened in the past. But him, interviewing and basing on Emilio Aguinaldo's narration, somehow, showed that he is biased to what Emilio Aguinaldo have narrated to the interview.



Jose del Rosario

Third objective was to disregard what are the elected officers’ job are and their educational background.

Lastly, the election that happened in Tejeros have been announced by Bonifacio, as ineffective and

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The part wherein Agoncillo just focused on what Bonifacio felt that time in the last part of the chapter gave him away of his prejudice to Bonifacio's actions as maybe influenced by Emilio Aguinaldo’s narration. He stated in the chapter of the book, Seed of Discontent, the feelings and superiority of Bonifacio towards his co-members in Katipunan. Also, he did not discuss the event in Tejeros in details as it was like just a

particularly the election, providing the same objectives of the event and ending of the narration. 

Teodoro Agoncillo’s book differs to Santiago V. Alvarez’s book because it is more of a summarization only since he got the information from different primary and secondary sources.

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The credibility of The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan is not that established since it is considered as a secondary source only.

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It has a lot of differences with Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General particularly with the mentioned date of the Tejeros convention, Agoncillo implied in his book that the event happened in March 22, 1897, the birthday of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. Also, he got to determine what faction Antonio

Montenegro belongs to which is the Magdalo.

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annulled because of the violation of the rule said in the third objective of this event.

In your examination of the sources, what did you find out?

summarization of the convention, yet he focused about Bonifacio’s reactions and sentiments even in the end of the chapter.

In addition to its differences with the other book, he indicated that Jacinto Lumbreras who was the presiding officer of chairman of the convention, was the acting president of the Magdiwang council.

C. Finding/Conclusion Through disseminating and examining the different details in the two books, I conclude that the Santiago V. Alvarez’s book is an authentic and primary source and Teodoro Agoncillo’s book is a secondary source however, in terms of credibility; we cannot rely on them completely because they indicated the date of the Tejeros convention differently. But, when it comes to the sequence of the narration of the event, they are the same. Furthermore, the other details weren’t matching since the other book lacks with that particular detail from the opposite book. They both explained what happened in the Tejeros convention comprehensively but with biases since they have different sources as Santiago V. Alvarez, the author of the first book is an eyewitness, a member of the Magdiwang faction and the son of Mariano Alvarez, while the author of the second book is a researcher who compiled different primary and secondary sources to gather the information he needed in order to write his book. In reading those excerpt from the two books, I didn’t notice or see any signs of fabrication because they both tell the same story and result of what happened in the Tejeros convention especially in the election part, its objectives matches with each other and that’s what important in determining if both are reliable for getting an information regarding the event.

References: Pascual, M. D., De Amboy, S., Agustin, M. R., Gambito, J. C. & Pelleja, M. (2020). Readings in Philippine History. Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Manila: Polytechnic University of the Philippines. Agoncillo, T. A. (2005). Revolt of the masses: The story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. Alvarez, S. V. (1996). Katipunan and the revolution: Memoirs of a general (P.C. Malay, Translation). Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.

Read the Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General by Santiago Alvarez and The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan by Teodoro Agoncillo and examine their respective claims about the Tejeros Convention. Your answers should be written comprehensively in the matrix below. You can use the readings from the Lesson 3 Module. The Revolt of the Masses -https://www.dropbox.com/s/wigbxqb9488yq6f/The%20Revolt%20of%20the%20Masses.pdf?dl=0 Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General by Santiago Plagiarism will warrant an automatic 5.0. You can answer in Filipino or English. Calibri 10 and convert to pdf before with Subject (Last Name, First Name MI – Course and Section)...