The Electron Transport Chain PDF

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The Electron Transport Chain ● ● ● ● ●

Cycle three of aerobic respiration The jackpot - many ATP The electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane The proteins are imbedded in the inner membrane ○ This membrane is impermeable to ions (charged) All the NADH and FADH from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle will give the stored electrons to the chain to make ATP

Step 1: NADH from CAC give electrons to I Step 2: UQ gives the electrons to III Step 3: III gives electrons to complex IV Step 4: Complex IV gives electrons to Oxygen ● Pass electrons down chain for making water 2nd Job of ETC: Make ATP by Chemiosmosis ● Pump hydrogen ions out, creating proton motive force so that when they go back in, it makes ATP ● NADH - makes 3 ATP What happens to FADH ● Skips I ● Only makes 2 ATP (skips 1) Summary ● ETC - 2 roles ● Pass electrons down the chain to form water (redox reactions) ● Jumping electrons release energy to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane to create a proton gradient to make ATP by chemiosmosis ● Each NADH makes 3 ATP ● Each FADH makes 2 ATP If the membrane was damaged ● Temperature, pH, organic solvents ● Pump hydrogens out, but will be brought back in - does not create proton motive force and no ATP is made ○ Water will still be made What happens to the NADH from glycolysis? ● 2 ATP, lose energy allow the journey

SUMMARY OF ATP ● Glycolysis makes: = 2 ATP ○ 2 NADH - goes to ETC to make 2 ATP each = 4 ATP ●

Citric Acid Cycle ○ 8 NADH - goes to ETC to make 3 ATP each = 24 ATP ○ 2 FADH - goes to ETC to make 2 ATP each = 4 ATP = 2 ATP

Total net # ATP (glucose) 36 ATP...