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PUERTO RICO Zepeda Javier Stanley ( ZA100214) Álvarez Miranda, Gisela Carolina (AM102517) Meléndez García, Adriana María (MG101317) Mixco Zetino, Fátima Azucena (MZ100417) Monge Sanchez, Lorena Estefany (MS100917) Ramírez Argueta, Andrea Gabriela (RA101016) UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO GAV I DI A

INTRODUCTION In the present work will be developed an investigation on Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, where they will be given to know the cultural, political, social, and folkloric features of the area as well as its gastronomy and tourism .

Content INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................. 0 GENERAL FEATURES:.......................................................................................................................... 1 "Americanization" of Puerto Rico.......................................................................................................1 ECONOMIC ASPECT............................................................................................................................ 1 Government system........................................................................................................................... 5 CULTURAL ASPECTS............................................................................................................................ 5 TYPICAL PLASTICS...............................................................................................................................6 MOFONGO PUERTORRIQUEÑO..........................................................................................................6 COQUITO............................................................................................................................................ 7 TOURIST PLACES.................................................................................................................................7 Record..............................................................................................................................................11 CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................0

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GENERAL FEATURES: Puerto Rico, officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, is an unincorporated US territory with self-governing status. It is located in America, northeast of the Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin Islands. Its west coast is located approximately 1536 kilometers (960 miles) southeast of the coast of Florida, the closest of the continental United States. The archipelago of Puerto Rico includes the main island of Puerto Rico, the smallest of the Greater Antilles, and a number of smaller cays and islands, of which the largest are Mona, Vieques and Culebra. It is an island with a tropical climate and, despite its size, has diverse ecosystems: dry and rainy forests, karstic zone, mountainous areas, coastal and marine

"Americanization" of Puerto Rico Ecosystems, lakes, etc. The first reaction of the United States was to "Americanize" the island and its inhabitants, paving the way for the possible transformation of Puerto Rico into an American state. In this way, the learning of the English language was imposed that would be mostly used in the public schools until 1948 year in which the Spanish became official language along with the first. By the 1940s, however, the United States became aware that the islanders would never conform to their own image and likeness. The resistance of Puerto Ricans to adjust to the "American way of life" along with the belief of a large part of the American public opinion that guaranteeing the status of state to the island was not an option, considering it too poor and too Hispanic, Made the process of "Americanization" finally abandoned and withdrawn from Washington's political agenda. Finally, in 1952 and after a popular referendum proclaimed the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. This new status guaranteed the island political and social autonomy which made dreaming of independence.

ECONOMIC ASPECT The economy of Puerto Rico, a non-member state of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), is high-income, according to the World Bank. Despite their small size and limited availability of natural resources that can be exploited economically, Puerto Rico's productivity is exceptionally high, with the highest nominal GDP per capita in Latin America, about US $ 26,588 in 2011. According to the most recent Report Of Global Competitiveness (2012-2013), Puerto Rico is the most competitive economy in the Ibero-American sphere. The Commonwealth has a modern infrastructure, a large public sector and an institutional framework guided by Regulations of the different [Escriba texto]

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federal agencies of the United States, many of which have an active and permanent presence in the archipelago. The financial sector is a major economic bloc, accounting for 5.75% of the Gross National Product (GNP) in 2010. It is fully integrated into the US financial system, being governed by its regulations, being a constituent part of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, responsible for implementing monetary policy sanctioned by members of the Federal Reserve Board in Washington, DC Throughout the United States. A. Resources Natural: stone and fish. Agricultural products: milk, coffee, legumes, fruits, eggs, sugar cane, cattle and pigs and poultry. Main industries: chemicals, pharmaceuticals, machinery, scientific equipment, clothing, cement and beverages. B. Main economic and production activities In the 1950s Puerto Rico began a phase of rapid economic growth favored by the US government's tax exemptions and the absence of customs barriers; However, today the productive structure has advanced sectors, but as a whole does not ensure a sustainable development. The Puerto Rican situation is full of contradictions, characterized as it is by aspects of an advanced society and by great delays. Traditional agriculture is based on the monoculture of sugar cane, has ceded the post to a more diversified agriculture (coffee and fruit) and rational that can promote almost by January the entire population. Industry is the most advanced sector and, in its area, manufacturing activities ensure the main sources of income. High technology industries account for almost two-thirds of Puerto Rico's commercial exports (electrical, electronics, and computer industry). Currently the industrial and labor base of the island is in a process of diversification and qualification, respectively. Tourism represents an important source of income, especially for Americans.

Puerto Rico Exports Puerto Rico Exporta is a program that seeks to encourage and promote the export of products and services of Puerto Rican companies, with the purpose of becoming a continuous and permanent activity that contributes to the economic development of Puerto Rico. The program aims to provide the basic knowledge and tools to obtain training in international trade. Through this Program, support is provided to identify potential markets for your product or service. Puerto Rico Exporta consists of four stages of training that will

help the entrepreneur initiate and develop the export activity. Diagnostic stage determines the level of export capacity of the company.Export Plan Development Stage This plan is an essential tool for achieving economic growth through the export of products and services. In addition, it should be part of the business plan of the company. Stage of Execution of Export Plan - CCE offers several tools to realize the plan of export and begin to export. Among these we can mention: commercial missions (individual, sectorial and multisectoral), missions of buyers, reverted missions, trade fairs by sector, international. The fairs and trade missions coordinated by Promoexport, concentrate a series of opportunities of great importance: They allow to present the products in the chosen market before a large number of potential buyers. It enables potential market research and competition. A large number of contacts is made in a short time. The main export products are sugar cane, coffee and tobacco. Puerto Rico exports medical equipment companies, car parts, empty bottles, drug packaging tops, wines and Italian bathing equipment. Although Puerto Rico is an island, fishing has not developed and ironically almost all the fish that is consumed is imported. Its seas are rich in caritis, sierras, shad, mullet, machetes, grouper and snappers. Commercial fishing is also of secondary importance in Puerto Rico's economy. Among the species of tuna caught are the bluefin tuna, skipjack and bluefin tuna.

Education system Structure of the educational system Obligatory education The educational system of Puerto Rico is similar to that of the United States and, like this one, consists of twelve compulsory education courses before reaching the university. These levels are free and distributed as follows: Elementary or elementary school. Six courses for children from 5 to 11 years. Secondary education. It includes a total of six years divided into middle school (three courses) and high school (three other courses). When the students finish, they are 18 years old. Public schools are run by the Puerto Rico Department of Education and classes are taught in Spanish, but English is compulsory at all levels. You can also attend private schools, which are usually Catholic, although students may choose to attend religious activities. Higher education When young people complete secondary education they can continue with higher education, which is voluntary. This is taught in technical institutes, junior colleges or universities. College degrees are like the Americans: Associate Degree. It is a two-year course also known as a technical degree or short course. It is given in technical disciplines like nursing or administration.

Baccalaureate or bachelor's degree. They are four or five years of full-time study of a given subject. Master. They are two or three years of specialization in a subject that usually ends with an investigation. It is necessary to have a degree to be able to take it. Doctorate. It is the highest degree awarded by universities and consists of an investigation that lasts for about five or seven years. Why study in Puerto Rico? Our relationship with the United States The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is a jurisdiction of the United States of America. Puerto Ricans are US citizens, share the same legal system and use the US dollar as the official currency. If you are a citizen or legal resident of the United States you do not need a visa to come to Puerto Rico. If you are a foreign student you must process a visa that, once granted, will allow you to travel to any place within the United States. The airport network and Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport offers flights to and from the most important cities in the United States, Latin America and Europe. Puerto Rico as an academic destination High-quality education: All higher education institutions are governed by the same standards as US universities. At least 20% of Hispanics who have completed a doctorate in science and engineering in the United States have completed their baccalaureate (4-5 years university) in Puerto Rico. A solid educational system: You can choose from more than 3,000 academic programs that include approximately 105 doctorates, 770 master's degrees, 1,242 baccalaureates (4-5 college years), 746 associate degrees (2 university years), 11 professional titles Professional, example Juris Doctor), 2,330 technical certificates and 146 professional certificates. In addition, Puerto Rico has more than 50 institutions and more than 140 academic units licensed by the Puerto Rico Education Council and mostly accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE). Programs and universities are accredited by prestigious entities such as the Association of Advocates Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), which accredit 5% of the world's most prestigious business schools. Affordable, high-level strategic training: The average cost of academic credit in Puerto Rico is almost one fourth of the cost in the United States and meets the same quality standards. In addition, because of its Latin American idiosyncrasy and its political relationship with the United States, Puerto Rico offers a unique platform to learn the principles of civil, Anglo-Saxon and international law.

A bilingual experience: Puerto Rico has two official languages, Spanish and English, being the ideal destination for Spanish speakers. Allowing them to study at an accredited US institution, while learning English without having to postpone an academic degree. Universities prepare their students in English as a second language, so that they can enter the professional world, offering them a wide variety of courses and degrees. In addition, most technical terminology of the professions is learned in English.

A paradisiacal, fun and relaxing environment: A privileged climate that fluctuates throughout the year around the middle 80 ° F (27 ° C), suitable for all kinds of sports and outdoor activities. Also, the island has a cultural richness influenced by European, African and indigenous traditions, linked to all of Latin America. It offers unique gastronomic experiences and diverse cultural expressions.

Government system The Government of Puerto Rico is a republican form of government subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and its sovereignty.2 It is defined in the Constitution of Puerto Rico in accordance with Public Law 82-447 of 1952 and ultimately its powers are Delegated by the Congress of the United States and lacking full protection under the United States Constitution.

CULTURAL ASPECTS The culture of Puerto Rico is a mixture of Taíno, African and Spanish influences. This fusion extends to almost every aspect of Puerto Rican life: our rich cuisine, colorful arts, vibrant music and traditional festivals. Several studies highlight the essence of Puerto Rican culture framed in its "folklore". Folc- means people and Lorraine, and responds to be "the set of traditions, beliefs and customs of the popular classes." As part of this is highlighted the popular music and typical instruments, meaning bonuses, trulla, bomba, plena and drums, tambourines and "marimbolas", of African heritage.

Ancient fours In addition, the dance is distinctive of the Puerto Rican culture and the masks dance is recognized as great importance of the tradition in Puerto Rico. The study concluded that the pictorial character of Puerto Rican carnivals has gone from celebration to symbol in crafts, paintings, key rings, etc. Do not forget that "folklore" is a broad subject that covers many subjects, from the everyday, to the social and religious. Also in Puerto Rican folklore are customs, superstitions and legends such as that of La piedra del perro

Pava, straw hat jibaro The ancestor, is an important element, because it shows the first civilizations and their daily framework. Studies, recreate the jíbaro stage to refresh what was forgotten.

TYPICAL PLASTICS MOFONGO PUERTORRIQUEÑO 5 Ingredients

4 green bananas (male plantain) 1 lb of pork rind (crispy pork skin) 3 cloves garlic, crushed 4 teaspoons olive oil 2 cups frying oil Cut the bananas into 1 1/2 inch thick slices, soak them in salt water for 15 minutes, drain them and dry them before pouring them into the hot pan with oil.

Step 2 Frost them for about 12 minutes at medium-low temperature or until they become a light golden color. Be sure to turn them over in the middle of the time, do not over pain them to make it easy to crush them. You can check that they are well cooked by pricking them with a fork. Step 3 Remove them and batch them in batches and add a little of the crushed garlic and chicharrón bits. Step 4 When you have crushed all the bananas, using your hands or a bowl, see the halfspheres forming. Serve hot with chicken broth or your favorite meat.

COQUITO 7 Ingredients 1 can (14 oz) of sweetened condensed milk 1 can (12 oz) evaporated milk 1 can (13.66 oz) coconut milk (not coconut cream) 3 egg yolks, pasteurized eggs, milkshakes 3/4 cup white rum or white rum 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon Cinnamon sprigs, if desired Step 1 In the blender, mix all ingredients except cinnamon and cinnamon sticks. Process at high speed for 1 to 2 minutes, or until foam appears, scraping the sides with a spatula, as needed.

Step 2 Place the glass carafe in the refrigerator for 2 hours or until cool, even at night. Pour into glasses and sprinkle cinnamon on each. Garnish with cinnamon sticks.

TOURIST PLACES North Area In the northern area of the island stands the Old San Juan. Here you can admire the best preserved historical site of the island during times of Spanish domination. Old San Juan is an island where you can see Spanish colonial architecture, cobbled streets, beautiful squares, ancient churches, museums and the spectacular forts of San Felipe del Morro Castle and San Cristobal Castle, the oldest and largest of the Antilles.

Old San Juan was declared in 1983 by the United Nations as a treasure trove of humanity. The island was fortified by the Spanish in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to protect both it and the other Spanish possessions of the Caribbean from attacks by privateers and pirates. A great wall protected the city and was entered to it by four enormous doors of which one of them is conserved. Some Hollywood films like Pirates of the Caribbean 4 and Amistad were filmed in the Spanish Forts. South Area (Caribbean Port) In the southern area of the city stands the Ponce Art Museum, located in the city of the same name. To get to Ponce, take highway # 52 from San Juan. Ponce, known as the City of Master, has one of the world's most recognized art museums as a center of European art in America. The museum, founded in 1959 by art collector, businessman and politician, Hon. Luis A. Ferré, preserves an art collection of 4,500 pieces of which 820 pieces are exhibited.

The galleries of the museum cover a period of 30 centuries of works from Europe, America and Africa, the three cultures present in the history of Puerto Rico. In 2010 the Museum reopened its doors with an enlarged building and a new museography that presents the collection in a thematic way and not geographically or chronologically as previously exhibited. The Museum has one of the best collections of Spanish painting in Latin America, which includes works by painters such as El Greco, Zurbarán, Murillo and Goya.

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3) Área Oeste (Porta del Sol)

The western area of the island is famous for its beaches. One of the paradisiacal destinations in this area is a mangrove cay known Gillingan Island, on the coast of the town of Guánica. This small island of mangrove swamps and crystalline beaches is ideal for children because it has areas of plain water and also has several gazebos. To get to the island you have to take a boat in a journey of five minutes or you can arrive in your Own kayak.

4) Central Area The central area of the island is dominated by the Cordillera Central where the highest mountains of Puerto Rico are located and the panoramic route from where in some points you can see the north coast and the south coast of the Island. In the central area you can escape To enjoy one of the lakes of the Island and one of the caves in the mountains of the Karst region. This is the Cave Ventana in the town of Arecibo and Lake Two mouths in the town of Utuado. To get there, take Highway 22 from San Juan and then Highway # 10. La Cueva Ventana, is a cave at the top of a mountain from which you can see a spectacular view of the river and the valley of the area that will steal your breath.

5) Área Este In the eastern area you will find the island of Culebra, one of the most na...