Tutorial 6 - Intro to Management - Organizational Goal Setting - Student MS2003 PDF

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UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, JAMAICA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MODULE: INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT (MAN1006) Tutorial 6 -

Organizational Planning and Goal Setting

Tutorial Group Assignment You were placed in groups based on the selection made in your class. You are all managers. Your focus here initially is on strategic planning and goal setting for a new business.

Requirements/Expectations 

As a team to start a company of your choice, you will engage in a planning process that includes the following; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

The Company’s Name Mission Statement, Slogan and Culture Of The Company (Lecture 3) The Strategic Goals And Plans Tactical Goals And Plans Operational Goals And Plans The Criteria For Effective Goals are Taken Into Consideration The Different Types Of Plans that the Company Might Engaged in the Near Future 8. The Company’s Environment 9. A Profile of Your Customers

For Class – 1. The team is expected to make a ten-minute presentation about the company in class to other stakeholders (your classmates) and business interests. Give justifications as much as possible about why those plans and goals were selected.

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Multiple Choice 1.

The organization's reason for existence is known as

a. the organization's value. b. the organization's vision. c. the organization's mission. d. the organization's goal. e. the organization's service. Legitimacy: An organization’s mission describes what the organization stands for and its reason for existence. It symbolizes legitimacy to external audiences such as investors, customers, suppliers, and the local community. The mission helps them look on the company in a favorable light. A strong mission also has an impact on employees, enabling them to become committed to the organization because they identify with it overall purpose and reason for existence. 2.

Sheldon Rose is a first-line construction engineering supervisor at Rooftop Corporation. He is most concerned with which level of goals? a. b. c. d. e.

3.

Operational goals Tactical plans Strategic goals Mission statement Vision

specify future ends and

specify today’s means.

a. Goals, plans b. Plans, goals c. Planning, organizing d. Ideas, behaviors e. Mission, vision Summary: Goals specify future ends; plans specify today’s means. 4. The planning process begins with which of these? a. b. c. d. e.

The development of operational goals The development of a mission statement Communication of goals to the rest of the organization A company-wide meeting Brainstorming

The overall planning process begins with a mission statement and goals for the organization.

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5. Which of these are primarily responsible for strategic goals/plans? a. b. c. d. e. 6.

Middle management Board of directors Consultants Senior management Lower management

The official goals of the organization are best represented by the

.

a. strategic goals b. tactical goals c. operational goals d. competitive goals e. none of the above Strategic goals sometime called official goals. 7.

______ symbolizes the legitimacy of the organization to external audiences.

a. Operational goals b. Tactical plans c. Strategic goals d. Mission statement e. Tactical goals It symbolizes legitimacy to external audiences such as investors, customers, suppliers, and the local community. 8.

goals lead to the attainment of attainment of goals. a. b. c. d. e.

9.

goals, which in turn lead to the

Operational, strategic, tactical Tactical, operational, strategic Operational, tactical, strategic Strategic, tactical, operational None of the above.

______ represent plans developed at the organization's lower levels that specify action steps toward achieving operational goals and that support tactical planning activities. a. b. c. d. e.

Tactical plans Strategic plans Operational plans Supervisory plans Organizational plans

Operational plans are developed at the lower levels of the organization to specify action steps toward achieving operational goals and to support tactical plans 3

a. b. c. d. e.

10. Which of these refer to specific results expected from individuals? Operational goals Tactical goals Strategic goals Operational plans Mission statements

True or False 11. ___F____ A plan tells "why" to achieve the goal. 12. ___T___ The company's philosophy as well as purpose is often expressed in mission statements. 13. ___F___

Goals are most effective when they are specific, measurable, challenging and linked to rewards.

14. ___T___

The goals should be easy, for employees to feel motivated, so that they can achieve them easily which in turn increases their motivation level.

15. ___F___

MBO refers to managing by opportunity

16. ___T___ An example of a qualitative goal is “the University will provide quality education at a fair price.” 17. ___T___ Contingency plans can also be considered as scenarios. 18. _______ A means-end chain is when lower-level goals lead to the accomplishment of higher-level goals. 19. ___F___ The act of determining the organization goals and the means for achieving them is called goal setting. 20. ___T___ The mission is the basis for the strategic level of goals and plans, which in turn shapes the tactical and operational level.

Short Answer Questions 14.

Define goals and plans and explain the relationship between them. Answer: Goal means desired future state that the organization wants to realize or to make a success your goal. 4

Explain: It was important because organizations occur for a purpose and state that purpose. Answer: Plan is a blueprint agreeing the resource allocations, schedules and other actions necessary for attaining goal. Explain: is the processing of thinking about the activities require to achieve a desire goal. It reduces risks and increases the efficiency of an organization. 15.

In what ways do plans and goals benefit an organization? Plans and goals benefit an organization because they send important message to both external and internal audiences. It is also improving financial and operation performance explicit goal and plans at each level.

16.

Compare the four levels of goals and plans. Mission Statement Strategic: Organization (Organization as whole) Tactical: Major division, Functions (Middle Management) Operational: Departments, individuals (Lower Management)

17.

Briefly define the characteristics of an effective goal. Answer: Goals that measure short term, mid term and long term achieve. Most businesses use the SMART means Specific, Measurable, Achievable and Relevant and Time

18.

Give two examples of a tactical plan for a construction or bank manager. Answer: If a company’s strategic plan to be become a bank manager and possible it helps execute major strategic plans and might to be double amount spend on the account or marketing. Focus on the major actions to fulfill stagey

19.

Which of the types of planning would you say is most effective to a construction manager? Discuss.

20.

List and define the four major activities that must occur in order for management by objectives (MBO) to succeed. Set Goal: involves employees at all levels and looks beyond day-to-day activities to answer the question. Develop Action Plans / Take Corrective Action: the action needed to achieve the states goal. Review Progress: It is important to ensure the action plans are working. Appraise overall performance: The goal has been achieved for both individual and department. Success or failure to achieve goal can become part of the performance appraisal system and the designation of salary increase and other rewards.

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Note: Purposed of Goals and Plans Legitimacy: An organization’s mission describes what the organization stands for and its reason for existence. It symbolizes legitimacy to external audiences such as investors, customers, suppliers, and the local community. The mission helps them look on the company in a favorable light. A strong mission also has an impact on employees, enabling them to become committed to the organization because they identify with it overall purpose and reason for existence. Source of motivation and commitment: Goals and plans enhance employees’ motivation and commitment by reducing uncertainty and clarifying what they should accomplish. Lack of a clear goal can hamper motivation because people don’t understand what they’re working toward. Whereas a goal provides the “why” of an organization or subunit’s existence, a plan tells the “how.” Resource allocation: Goals help managers decide where they need to allocate resources, such as employees, money, and equipment. For example, DuPont has a goal of generating 25 percent of revenues from renewable resources by 2010. Guides to action: Goals and plans provide a sense of direction. They focus attention on specific targets and direct employee efforts toward important outcomes. To see how goals can guide action, consider Guitar Center, one of the fastest growing retailers in the United States. Managers give specific goals to sales teams at every Guitar Center store each morning, and employees do whatever they need to, short of losing the company money, to meet the targets. Rational for decisions: Through goal setting and planning, managers clarify what the organization is trying to accomplish. They can make decisions to ensure that internal policies, roles, performance, structure, products, and expenditures will be made in accordance with desired outcomes. Standard of performance: Because goals define desired outcomes for the organization, they also serve as performance criteria. They provide a standard of assessment. If an organization wishes to grow by 15 percent, and actual growth is 17 percent, managers will have exceeded their prescribed standard.

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