Understanding the Self- Reviewer PDF

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SOCRATES He was the first philosopher who ever engaged in a systematic questioning about the self For him, every man is composed of body and soul. This means that every human person is dualistic For him, this means all individuals have an imperfect PLATO idea that man is a dual nature of body 3 Comp...

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SOCRATES  He was the first philosopher who ever engaged in a systematic questioning about the self  For him, every man is composed of body and soul. This means that every human person is dualistic  For him, this means all individuals have an imperfect

PLATO  idea that man is a dual nature of body 3 Components of the soul The Rational Soul – Forged by reason and intellect has to govern the affairs of the human person. The Spirited Soul – in charge of emotions should kept at bag. The Appetitive Soul – in charge of base desires like eating, drinking, sleeping and having sex are controlled as well.

AUGUSTINE & THOMAS AQUINAS  Reflects the entire spirit of the medieval world when it comes to man.  Man is of a bifurcated nature (Augustine)  The body is bound to die on earth and the soul is to living eternally. Man is composed of two parts  Matter or HYLE (in greek) refers to the common stuff that makes up everything in the universe.  Form or MORPHE (in greek) refers to the essence of a substance or thing. It is what makes it what it is. The soul is what animates the body; is what makes us humans. RENE DESCARTES

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Father of modern philosophy Conceived of the human person as having a body and a mind. The meditations of first philosophy Cogito ergo sum ( I think therefore, I am.)

The self having a combination of 2 distinct entities  The cogito, the thing that thinks, wc is the mind  The extenza, extension of the mind, wc is the body. The body is nothing else but a machine that is attached to the mind.

DAVID HUME  a Scottish philosopher  as an empiricist who believes the one can know only what comes from the senses and experiences.  Empiricism is the school of thought that espouses the idea  Can only attain knowledge by experiencing.  Impression are the basic object of our experience or sensation  Ideas are copies of impression, they are not as lively and vivid as our impressions. IMMANUEL KANT  As a mere combination of impressions was problematic  starts w/ perception and sensation of impressions  apparatuses of the mind GILBERT RYLE  solves the mind-body dichotomy  the behavior that a person manifests in his day-to-day life.

MERLEAU-PONTY

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is a phenomonologist who asserts that the mind-body bifurcation all experience is embodied dismisses the Cartesian dualism

LESSON 2 5 CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF SEPARATE – it is meant that the self is distinct from the otherselves. The self is always unique and has its own identity. SELF-CONTAINED & INDEPENDENT – in itself it can exist. Its distinctness allows it to be self-contained w/ its own thoughts, characteristics and volition CONSISTENT – because it has a personality that is enduring and therefore can be expected to persist. UNITARY – in that it is the center of all experiences and thoughts that run through a certain person. PRIVATE – each person sorts out information feelings and emotions, and thought processes within the self.

Social constructivists argue that the self should not be seen as a static entity that stays constant through and through.

The Self and Culture Marcel Mauss Moi refers to a person’s sense of who he is, his body and his basic identity, his biological givenness. Is a person’s basic identity.

Personne has much to do with what it means to live in a particular institution, a particular family, a particular region, a particular nationality.

Language is another interesting aspects of this social constructivists.

The Self and the Dev’t of the social world  is believed to be in active participation in the shaping of the self

Mead & Vygotsky  the way that human person develop is w/ the use of language acquisition and interaction w/ others.  Treat the human mind as something that is made, constituted, through language as experienced in the external world. Self in Families  While every child is born w/ certain givennness, disposition coming from his parents, genes and general condition of life.  The kind of family that we are born im, the resources available to us. Gender and the Self  Is on of those loci of the self that is subj to alteration,change and dev’t.

Lesson 3 William James (1890) The “I” and the “Me” The “I’ is the thinking, acting and feeling self.

The “me” is the physical characteristics as well as psychological capabilities that make you are The “I” as the one who acts and decides The “me” is what you think or feel about yourself as an obj.

Identity is composed of personal characteristics, social roles and responsibilities. Self-concept is what basically comes to your mind when you are asked about was you are

Self Schema 1. 2. 3. 4.

Hobbies Family Religion Nationality

It may also include your interests, work, course, age, name and physical characteristics. But they are not passive receivers. Phineas Gage – Frontal lobe Freud Province of the Mind The Id The Ego The Super Ego

Under the theory of symbolic interactionism The self is created and developed through human interaction 1. We do not create ourselves for nothing. 2. Whether we like to admit it or not we need others to affirm and reinforce who we think we are. 3. What we think is important to us may also have been also influenced by what is important in our social or historical context. Self-Awareness – when we are aware of our self-concept

Carver and Scheiver(1981) 1. The private self of your internal standards and private thoughts and feelings. 2. The public self commonly geared toward having a good presentation of yourself to others.

THE ACTUAL SELF – who you are at the moment THE IDEAL SELF – who you like to be THE OUGHT SELF – who you think you should SOCIAL COMPARISON THEORY - we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness of our behavior, as well as our social status by comparing ourselves with other ppl.

THE DOWNWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON - IS THE MORE TPYPE OF COMPARING OURSELVES W/ OTHERS

THE UPWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON – WC IS COMPARING OURSELVES W/ THOSE WHO ARE BETTER OFF THAN US

Self Evaluatin Maintenance 1. We distance ourselves from that person or redefine our relationship with them 2. We may also consider the importance of the aspect of skill in wc you were out performed. 3. We may also strengthen our resolve to improve that certain aspect of ourselves.

Narcissism- is a trait that characterized by overly high self-esteem, self-admiration and self-centeredness.

GOODNIGHT BSOA 1-3D, REVIEW WELL ;)))))...