Unit 1.Lesson 2. Writing Coherent Paragraphs PDF

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writing coherent paragraphs...

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LESSON 2

WRITING COHERENT P PARAGRAPHS ARAGRAPHS Lesson – Introduction The lesson will begin with using a thinking routine Think, Puzzle, Explore. This will help students connect to prior knowledge, to stimulate curiosity and to lay the groundwork for independent inquiry as they begin to learn to develop paragraphs. 1. Begin by giving students a few moments to consider what they Think about paragraph writing. Have them to brainstorm all that they have learned about paragraph writing and what good writing might look like. 2. Then ask what puzzles them about writing paragraphs. Have them to think about the parts of a paragraph as well as the ways on how to achieve coherency in writing a paragraph. 3. Finally, ask them what they want to explore further. Where might they find the information that they are looking for? What ways could they gain new insight on writing paragraphs effectively? Then, work as a whole class or in small groups and brainstorm ideas in the three areas. Some may have misconceptions about paragraphs writing that can be worked through, others will discover a specific skill that they want to learn to explore to enhance their writing.

Learning Objectiv Objectives es After this lesson, students will be able to:    

explain what it means to have coherent writing understand parallel structure describe and use transitional devices write their own coherent composition.

Qualities that eff effective ective paragr paragraph aph should contain: 

It should present a single idea

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It should start with a topic sentence which makes some idea evident

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All sentences should act like the supporting evidence that convey single idea

It should be strategically organized to maintain flow

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It should maintain objective of essay, novel, article, or some other type of work you’re writing. 

It should entertain and inform reader i.e. it should be short, precise and informative. Try to avoid the fluff.

Writing Coherent Paragraphs A good paragraph has unity, is coherent, and is based on one or more methods of development. Your paragraph will be coherent when you use sentences that are related to each other in content and grammatical structure. When you do this, your writing will have a flow and smooth transition, each sentence will relate to the next. Here are the techniques for writing a coherent paragraph:    

Use Use Use Use

parallel structure. pronouns. repletion. transitional expressions.

Par Parallel allel Structure You can use parallel structures to help achieve coherence in a paragraph. Parallelism is created when you use grammatically equivalent forms in sequence within a paragraph. For instance, you could use three nouns in a series or three verbs in a series to make a point. Here is how to create parallel structures within a paragraph: Use par paral al allel lel words words, such as nouns or verbs. Example: He studied, researched, wrote, and published his masterpiece. 2. Use par paral al allel lel phr phrases ases ases.. Example: He wrote to sooth the pain of the death and to remember what had happened on that fateful night. 3. Use par paral al allel lel clauses clauses, such as dependent clauses. He wrote after the war, when the rubble had been cleared, where so many innocent civilians had perished.

1.

Pronouns You can create a coherent paragraph by using pronouns to refer back to preceding nouns in the paragraph. For instance, you can use:

   

He/she They/their It/its This/that/those/these

Example: The writer wrote a novel. He then sold it a publisher. Repetition You can also create a coherent paragraph by repeating important words. These can be nouns, verbs, or phrases. Example: Democracy is government by the people, government for the people, and government of the people. The important point to remember is to use repetition to repeat important words or phrases. Trans ransiitional Expressions You can create a coherent paragraph by using transitional words at the beginning of related sentences within the paragraph. Transitional words and phrases connect sentences and paragraphs to each other. Within a paragraph, transitions provide coherence. They give the sense that the paragraph contains one main idea. They also create a smooth flow from one sentence to the next, or bridge from one detail or supporting piece of information to the next. Adding information

also, and, as well, besides, equally important, finally, furthermore, in addition, moreover, then, too

Comparing ideas in like manner, in the same way, likewise, similarly

Conceding a point

agreed, certainly, granted, obviously, of course, to be sure

at the same time, but, conversely, even so, even though, however, in contrast, nevertheless, Contr Contrastin astin asting g ideas nonetheless, on the one hand, on the other hand, still, yet

Providing an example

as an illustration, as can be seen by, for example, for instance, in other words, namely, specifically, to illustrate

afterward, before, currently, eventually, finally, first, (second, third, fourth, fifth?), immediately, in the Relating time and future, in the past, later, less important, meanwhile, order of ideas most important, next, often, sometimes, soon, subsequently, then, today, when Res esulting ulting from the accordingly, as a result, consequently, so, thereby, previous idea therefore, thus

Showing relative location

adjacent, at the side, between, here, in the back, in the background, in the distance, in the foreground, in the front, nearby, there, to the side

finally, hence, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in Summarizing ideas summary, that is, that is to say, to sum up Example: (Relating time and order of ideas) I completed a number of tasks to become a writer. First, I learned the rules of grammar and punctuation and style. Next, I read many of the classic fiction books, such as The Sun Also Rises and 1984. As well, I took courses in creative writing, especially poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction. Then I found myself a job that allowed me to have time to write. Finally, I sat down each night after work and wrote for an hour. These decisions made all the difference. The important points to remember are that you can create a coherent paragraph, one that has flow or bridge between ideas by using parallel structures, pronouns that refer back to preceding nouns, repetition of important words, and transitional words to begin related sentences.

Materials 

Video lesson Coherence in Writing: Definition & Examples

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Sample piece with examples of incoherence between words, sentences and paragraphs Index cards Chart paper Markers

Utilize Ev Evaluation aluation Write a paragraph about the most memorable vacation you’ve ever had. Describe it in detail.

Reference: Creating Understandable and Coherent Paragraphs for Your Essay, Edusson (2018) https://edussson.com/blog/creating on.com/blog/creating--understandable-an understandable-and-coh d-coh d-coherent erent erent-retrived from https://edus par para agrap graphs hs Writing Coherent Paragraphs, Dave Hood (2010) retrived from https://dav https://davehood59.wordpress.com/2010/02/24/writing-coherent ehood59.wordpress.com/2010/02/24/writing-coherent ehood59.wordpress.com/2010/02/24/writing-coherent-paragr -paragr -paragraphs/ aphs/...