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UNIT - 6: PLAUTUS POT OF GOLD, TR. E.F. WATLING

STRUCTURE

6.0 Learning Objectives 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Summary of Book 6.3 Characters Analysis 6.4 Themes 6.5 Adaptations 6.6 Analysis 6.6 Summary 6.7 Keyword 6.8 Learning Activity 6.9 Unit End Question 6.10 Suggested Readings

6.0 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this unit, you will be able to: 

Learn about Plautus, Pot of gold

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Learn about summary

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Learn about analysis

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Learn about Theme

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Learn about adaptation

6.1 INTRODUCTION

Aulularia could be a Latin play by the first Roman author Titus Maccius Plautus. The title virtually suggests that the small Pot, however, some translators give The Pot of Gold, and also the plot revolves around a literal pot of gold that the stingy protagonist, Euclid, guards zealously. The play's ending doesn't survive, although there are indications of however the plot is resolved in later summaries and some fragments of dialogue.

6.2 OUTLINE OF BOOK

Euclid finds a pot of gold and he's an inexpensive previous man UN agency hides his gold from everybody. within the meantime, Lyconides and Phaedra fell soft on. Megadorus desires to cool down and he goes to Euclio and asks for his daughter’s hand. Euclid same affirmative simply because Megadorus didn’t fire gift.

Euclid visited bury the pot into the woods however Lyconide's servant reproductive structure saw him and scarf the pot. Leonides asked Megadorus to let him have Phaedra. at the moment the Household Ghost of Euclio’s house tells the story of an associate degree previous lowcost man UN agency additionally found gold and Phaedra prayed to him a day and within the finish, he gave the pot of gold to Euclid, therefore, he might have a gift for Phaedra.

Euclid shouted at his servant as a result of his thought she was spying on him. Megadorus and Euclio met on the road and Megadorus was dashing the marriage therefore Euclio got afraid concerning his gold. He same affirmative to the marriage simply because Megadorus didn’t fire the gift. everybody arrived at Euclio’s house to organize the marriage.

When Euclid detected all of that rumor kicking off his house he was convinced that someone was close to stealing his gold. Education hit one in all the boys in his house as a result of the thought he was attempting to rob him. He was convinced that Megadorus ready all of this with great care he might get his hands on the pot of gold. Megadorus lead a monologue from that we discover out he's a very honest man.

Mogador thinks aloud and Euclio eardrops on him. Euclid remains afraid for his old therefore he goes to cover it within the temple. the reproductive structure is aware that Lyconides loves Phaedra which he desires to marry her. the reproductive structure follows Euclio whereas Lyconides begs his mother to speak his uncle Megadorus out of the marriage.

The pregnant Phaedra goes into labor right once Euclio accomplished his pot it missing and he goes crazy.

In the finish, Strobilus seems and tells Lyconides that he found the pot of gold. Leonides demands that the gold returns to Euclio and also the story finish there as a result of the remainder of it had been lost. It is assumed that Lyconides returns the pot of gold and reciprocally gets Phaedra.

6.3 CHARACTERS ANALYSIS

Euclio – a low-cost previous man UN agency lived together with his servant and his girl. With the assistance of his family God, he finds the pot of gold and becomes captivated with keeping it safe. He became selfish and suspicious of everybody. He was afraid of marrying his girl as a result of he didn’t wish to administer a gift to anyone. He accepted Megadorus's proposal as a result of he didn’t fire gift. His gold was a lot of necessary than the rest.

Phaedra – Euclio’s girl and she or he is soft on with Lyconides. they need a baby along and it's believed that they get hitched with at the tip

Leonides – soft on with Phaedria. He doesn't care that she is poor which her father can offer her away while not a gift. He tried everything simply to be together with her and their kid.

Household God – he managed the full scenario and contend around with the characters as a result of he wished to show them the $64000 values of life

6.4 THEMES

The figure of the hoarder has been a stock character of comedy for hundreds of years. Plautus doesn't spare his protagonist's numerous embarrassments caused by the vice, however, he's comparatively mild in his wit. Euclio is eventually shown as primarily a good man UN agency has been solely briefly littered with greed for gold.

The play additionally ridicules the traditional bachelor Megadorus for his dream of marrying the marriageable and much younger Phaedria. The silly business of making ready for the wedding provides a lot of chance for wit on the laughable lust of associate degree previous man for a missy, in an exceedingly clever parallel to Euclio's lust for his gold. Again, Megadorus is eventually shown as wise and kind-hearted enough to abandon his foolish dream.

Plautus' frequent theme of clever servants outwitting their supposed superiors finds its place during this play too. Not solely will Lyconides' slave manage to nobble Euclio's beloved gold, however additionally Euclio's domestic Staphyla is shown as intelligent and sort in her perspective toward the sadly pregnant Phaedria.

6.5 DIVERSIFICATIONS

Another play, Querolus see Aulularia, was at just once ascribed to Plautus however is currently believed to be a late 4th-century Latin imitation. It provides a form of sequel within which Euclio dies abroad and informs a parasite of the spot of his treasure that the latter is to share with Euclio's son Querolus.

During the Renaissance, there has been a variety of diversifications of the Aulularia. One of the earliest was Giovanni Battista Gelli's La Sports (The Basket), which was printed in Florence in 1543. A Croatian version by Marin Držić was titled Skup (The hoarder, 1555) and set in a metropolis. In 1597 dramatist tailored components of the plot for his early comedy, The Case is Altered. At concerning a similar time it had been additionally utilized by the

Danish Church Father Justesen Ranch (1539–1607) because of the basis for his play Karrig Bidding (The Stingy Miser).

The undefeated Dutch play, Warner, supported Aulularia, was written by Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft and Samuel Coster in 1617. In 1629, the German Poet Laureate Joannes Burmeister printed a Neo-Latin adaptation, additionally known as Aulularia, that reworked Plautus' comedy to a play that includes Achan and Rahab from the biblical Book of Joshua. Molière's French adaptation, L'Avare of 1668, was even a lot of undefeated and thenceforth served because of the basis for dramatic imitations, instead of Plautus' work.

6.6 ANALYSIS

Plautus’ The Pot of Gold (Aulularia) is that the Latin adaptation of a Greek play. The action takes place on the streets of Athens, however the theme that the play highlights is Roman. Like all classical drama, The Pot of Gold is written in verse. The play could be a wit that depicts the anxiety that greed, avarice, and niggardness brings. An immortal reveals a pot of gold to Euclio so that he will use the cash as a gift for his girl Phaedria's wedding. The plot revolves around Euclio’s tries to guard the gold and conceal it from the others. he's anxious that somebody might steal it and gets suspicious of everybody around him. He maintains a farce of poorness even when finding the pot of gold. Euclio decides to bury the pot within the woods, however, Lyconides' servant, Strobilus, finds the pot and steals it. Lyconides is that the young man UN agency loves Phaedria and fathers her kid. Eventually, Euclio gets his pot of gold and Lyconides gets Phaedria. when the marriage, Euclio contains an amendment of heart and gifts the pot of gold to the new married couple.

The play depicts a paternal society. an organized wedding could be a custom within which oldsters decide upon their daughter's future husband. the fogeys provide a gift to the possible bridegroom, in keeping with their socio-economic standing. Euclio offers Phaedria's hand in wedding to the rich Megadorus, solely as a result of he doesn't demand a gift.

The play depicts the apply of slave labor that was prevailing in Roman society. Slaves were either captured from the losing aspect in an exceedingly battle or bought from neighboring provinces like Turkey. The Roman economy depended upon the exploitation of slaves. They were created to manage family chores and public services. They were engaged in bodywork and personal industries.

6.6 SUMMARY 

”The Pot of Gold” is a play where the main motives are greed, cheapness and gold. The theme is Euclio’s cheapness and greed for gold. The play is easy to read and the author makes fun of people’s characteristics. There are four acts.

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Euclio is a poor man who finds the pot of gold and gets materialistic richness with it but becomes poor in every other aspects of his life.

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He only thought about his gold. Phaedria is his daughter and she loves Lyconides. Megadorus is his uncle and he wants to marry Phaedria because he wants to settle down but in the end he gives up on that idea. Lyconides out of love for Phaedria gives up his inheritance just to be with Phaedria who is pregnant with his child.

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In the introduction Euclio found the gold and hid it, in the twist Megadorus wants to marry Phaedria, then the pot of gold disappears and in the end Euclio gets his pot of gold and Lyconides gets Phaedria.

6.7 KEYWORD 

Latin: Latin is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the IndoEuropean languages. Latin was originally spoken in the area around Rome, known as Latium.

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Roman: In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom,

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House hold deity: A household deity is a deity or spirit that protects the home, looking after the entire household or certain key members.

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Penguin Classic: Penguin Group is a British trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann.

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Translator: Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source–language text by means of an equivalent target-language text.

6.8 LEARNING ACTIVITY 1. Discuss about Greek society and literature of Greek period. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Can "The Pot of Gold" be defined as a comedy? Discuss ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

6.9 UNIT END QUESTION A. Descriptive Types Questions 1) What is the role of the slaves?

2) Explain Plautus's The Pot of Gold with reference to the context. 3) What is the attitude to the concept of marriage in The Pot of Gold? 4) Describe The Pot of Gold as a specimen of Roman Comedy. 5) Give a character sketch of Euclio in The Pot of Gold by Plautus. 6) Give a critical analysis of The Pot Of Gold. 7) How is this comedy different from The Clouds? 8) What comic techniques are most used in this play? 9) What role do the gods play here? 10) If you had to choose, which character would you say represents the voice of moderation? Explain your choice. 11) What are the attitudes toward loyalty and toward friendship portrayed here? 12) Pick two social messages you think Plautus is trying to send and collect evidence for them from the events and dialogue.

B. Multiple Choice Questions 1) misery old man; comes across a stash of gold that he keeps in his possession as much as possible a) Staphyle b) Euclio c) Lar familiars d) Eunomia 2) Euclio's housekeeper a) Euclio b) Staphyle c) Eunomi

d) None of these 3) a Household God; presents the prologue a) Lar familiaris b) Stahyles c) Euclio d) Megadorus 4) neighbor of Euclio and an elderly bachelor a) Megadorus b) Phaedria c) Euclio d) Staphyla 5) daughter of Euclio (not seen on stage) a) Megadorus b) Phaedria c) Euclio d) Staphyla Answers: 1.b, 2.b, 3.a, 4.a, 5.b

6.10 SUGGESTED READINGS References book 

There is a discussion of Plautus' play and of the various imitations in: John Colin Dunlop, History of Roman literature Volume 1, London 1823, pp.160 ff

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Plautus; Translated by Wolfgang de Melo (2011). Plautus, Vol. I: Amphitryon; The Comedy of Asses; The Pot of Gold; The Two Bacchises; The Captives. Loeb Classical Library. ISBN 0674996534.

Textbook references 

Plautus: The Pot of Gold and other plays, London 1965, Google Books Fontaine, Michael. 2015. Joannes Burmeister: Aulularia and Other Inversions of

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Plautus. Leuven: Leuven University Press.

Website 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aulularia

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https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/topic/pot-gold

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https://www.booksummary.net/the-pot-of-gold-titus-maccius-plautus/#:~:text= %E2%80%9DThe%20Pot%20of%20Gold%E2%80%9D%20is,makes%20fun%20of %20people's%20characteristics....