VCE HHD Practice EXAM PDF

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Summary

Practice exam for human and health development....

Description

2019 PRACTICE EXAM

HHD UNITS 3&4 Question Booklet & Solution Booklet

Author: OLIVIA MAR IE SOL IMAN

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Letter

STUDENT NUMBER

HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Written examination 2019 Reading time: 9:00 a.m. to 9:15 a.m. (15 minutes) Writing time: 9:15 a.m. to 11:15 a.m. (2 hours)

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK Structure of book Number of questions

Number of questions to be answered

Number of marks

13

13

100

• Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners, and rulers. • Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/or correction fluid/tape. • No calculator is allowed in this examination. Materials supplied • Question and answer book of 21 pages • Additional space is available at the end of the book if you need extra paper to complete an answer. Instructions • Write your student number in the space provided above on this page. • All written responses must be in English.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.

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Instructions for Section A Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

Question 1 (4 marks) There are five main dimensions of health and wellbeing. a.

Describe emotional health and wellbeing 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Health and wellbeing is a concept which is considered to be dynamic and subjective. b.

Explain what is meant by the subjective nature of health and wellbeing and provide an example. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Question 2 (6 marks) a.

Briefly describe the difference between life expectancy and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE). 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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(Source: AIHW, 2013)

The figure above illustrates the life expectancy at birth, by Indigenous status and sex in 2010-12. b.

Using data, outline a difference in life expectancy between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

c.

Identify a sociocultural factor and explain how it may have contributed to the difference in health status outlined in part b. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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Question 3 (9 marks) There are nine prerequisites for health as determined by the World Health Organisation (WHO). a.

Identify one prerequisite for health as determined by the WHO. 1 mark _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

b.

Describe how the perquisite identified in part a. can promote spiritual health and wellbeing. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

c.

Discuss how a reduction in DALY could act as a resource nationally and on a global scale. 4 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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d.

Provide an example of how two dimensions of health and wellbeing are interrelated. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Question 4 (5 marks) According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, males in Australia suffer higher rates of cancer than females. a.

Other than cancer rates, name another variation in health status between Australian males and females. 1 mark _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

b.

Identify a sociocultural and an environmental factor to explain possible reasons for the difference in health status outlined in part b. 4 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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Question 5 (13 marks) a.

Define the social model of health. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

b.

Outline two differences between the social model of health and the biomedical model of health. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

c.

Provide two examples as to how the social model of health may attempt to address Australia’s rising levels of obesity. 4 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

d.

Provide an example of the work undertaken by Nutrition Australia and outline how it could assist in addressing Australia’s rising levels of obesity. 3 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ e.

Outline one reason why dietary change may be hard to achieve. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Question 6 (11 marks) a.

Describe Medicare. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

b.

Explain how Medicare can promote health outcomes in Australia in relation to equity. 3 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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c.

Outline one advantage and one disadvantage of Medicare. 2 marks Advantage: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Disadvantage: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

d.

“Australia requires Private Health Insurance to improve its health status and increase its life expectancy.” Justify the accuracy of this statement. 4 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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Question 7 (12 marks) Source 1 Oral diseases relate to diseases of the mouth and include oral infection and sores, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay, tooth loss, and other diseases and disorders that limit an individual’s capacity in biting, chewing, smiling and speaking. Source 2 •

Even though most oral diseases are preventable, almost everyone is likely to be affected during their lifetime.

•

In low- and middle-income countries, but also in several high-income countries, the treatment of oral diseases remains unaffordable or inaccessible for large segments of society.

Source 3 The following graph shows the prevalence (per 100,000) of oral disorders for the four income groupings in 2016.

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Source 4 The following graphic shows ways to prevent oral diseases.

Source 5 According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2016), the prevalence of oral diseases and untreated oral diseases are higher among certain populations groups in Australia including Indigenous Australians, those living outside of Australia’s major cities and those from lower socioeconomic (SES) backgrounds.

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Selecting evidence from the sources presented and using your own knowledge, explain reasons for similarities and/or differences in health status due to oral diseases within and between countries, and discuss opportunities for health promotion to reduce the prevalence and impact of oral diseases in low- and high-income countries. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

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Question 8 (6 marks) a.

Describe the human development index. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Figure 1.1 Source: (Cambridge VCE, 2018)

Figure 1.1 displays the Gross National Income (GNI per capita) and Human Development Index (HDI) of Australia and Singapore respectively. b.

Describe why, whilst Australia has a lower GNI per capita than Singapore, has a higher HDI. 2 marks _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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c.

Explain two limitations of the Human Development Index (HDI). 2 marks Limitation 1: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Limitation 2: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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Question 9 (6 marks) Read the following case study on the KOORI BEAT IT PROGRAM – THE BIGGEST MOB, MOVIN’ AND LOSIN’ The Koori Beat It program is an evidence-based physical activity and lifestyle modification program designed by the Australian Diabetes Council for people with, or at risk of, chronic disease. The program runs over 12 weeks consisting of two, one-hour physical activity sessions per week and fortnightly healthy eating seminars. Feedin’ the Mob, a local community campaign, tailored the program to meet the needs of the local Aboriginal community – with outstanding results. The program successfully engaged over 50 local Aboriginal community members and acted as a platform for participation in other events including the Melbourne Marathon. The program also strengthened relationships between the local leisure centre and the broader Aboriginal community, supported reconciliation, and increased the profile of the local Aboriginal community. Evaluate the ‘Koori Beat It program’ regarding its ability to promote Indigenous Health and Wellbeing. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

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