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STUDY GUIDE: VOL. TWO TEST THREE

Chapter 21: The Progressive Era 1. WCTU: a. was the first radio station in America b. stood for Women’s Christian Temperance Union c. was the radio station Roosevelt made famous while president d. stood for Western Colorado Teamsters Union e. was the abbreviation of Western Connecticut University, where Wilson got his start as a professor 2. The muckrakers saw their primary objective as: a. converting Americans to socialism b. exposing social problems to the public c. increasing the circulation of sensationalist newspapers d. proposing detailed legislation e. destroying the Republican party 3. The author of Working People and their Employers was: a. George F. Baer d. Washington Gladden b. Ray Stannard Baker e. Ida M. Tarbell c. Henry Demarest Lloyd 4. Ida M. Tarbell is best known for her investigation of: a. Standard Oil d. b. McClure’s e. c. J.P. Morgan Bank

Congress poverty in America

5. Progressives supported all of the following as measures to democratize government EXCEPT: a. the initiative d. the poll tax b. the referendum e. the popular election of senators c. the party primary 6. Frederick W. Taylor: a. was an Oregon reformer responsible for many progressive measures enacted there b. wrote The Principles of Scientific Management c. was the progressive editor of Arena d. was founder of the National Child Labor Committee e. authored the bill on reclamation for the western states 7. The commission system of city government was first adopted in: a. Atlanta, Georgia d. Springfield, Missouri b. Durham, North Carolina e. Columbia, South Carolina c. Galveston, Texas 8. The originator of the Wisconsin idea of efficient government was: a. Lewis Hine d. Robert M. La Follette b. Hiram Johnson e. Louis Brandeis c. Florence Kelley 9. Which of the following best describes the method used by most progressives to solve the problem of economic power and its abuses? a. adopt a socialist program of public ownership b. follow the principles of laissez-faire government c. regulate big business d. allow business to work out its own destiny

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STUDY GUIDE: VOL. TWO TEST THREE

e.

lower taxes so that companies would raise wages

10. The National Child Labor Committee pushed: a. to allow as many immigrant children to enter the workforce as possible b. to open more technical schools c. federal legislation allowing children to work more hours d. for laws prohibiting the employment of young children e. for mandatory scholarships for employees’ children 11. The major forces behind the social gospel movement were: a. Jews and Catholics d. Protestants and Catholics b. Protestants and Jews e. the federal government c. local government 12. At the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in 1911: a. a strike resulted in the intervention of federal troops b. Frederick Taylor first applied his scientific management principles c. workers died as a result of a fire d. the labor force was found to be made up entirely of children e. Samuel Gompers first developed his idea for what became the Hepburn Act 13. Jane Addams called the impulse to found settlement houses: a. “a woman’s response to alcoholism and abuse” b. “urban enlightenment” c. “the upper-class prayer answered” d. “my duty as a mother to my children’s future” e. Christian humanitarianism 14. Frances Willard lobbied for these issues important to women EXCEPT: a. child labor laws d. women to become ministers b. government-funded kindergartens e. the right to vote c. the eight-hour workday 15. In 1917, a Prohibition amendment to the Constitution: a. passed Congress, then went to the states for ratification b. was ratified by the states as the Eighteenth Amendment c. was overturned by the Twenty-first Amendment d. failed passage by Congress, but was ratified by the states anyway e. passed Congress but was vetoed by the president 16. During the coal strike of 1902: a. President Theodore Roosevelt won support for his use of the “big stick” against corporations b. thousands of striking miners marched on Washington, starting a riot that lasted three days c. President Theodore Roosevelt threatened to use the army to force strikers back to work d. arbitrators awarded the miners all their demands e. more than 800 miners and their families died in the Rockies 17. Which of the following statements regarding the coal strike of 1902 is NOT true? a. The coal strike ended on October 23. b. In 1902, Roosevelt threatened to take over coal mines in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. c. UWA leaders called mine owners “wooden-headed.” d. Roosevelt once bellowed that “the Constitution is more important than coal!” e. The United Mine Workers walked off the job in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. 18. Congress established the Bureau of Corporations: a. to monitor the activities of interstate corporations b. to encourage the development of American industry

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c. d. e.

to educate businesses about tariff standards to keep an eye on the lobbying efforts in Congress to educate businesses about new interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment

19. Who stated, “most of us in the North do not believe in any real democracy between white and colored men”? a. Booker T. Washington d. Upton Sinclair b. Ray Stannard Baker e. Ida Turnbell c. Theodore Roosevelt 20. The title of the novel that described the terrible conditions of the meat-packing industry was: a. Chicago d. Maggie b. The Great American Fraud e. How the Other Half Lives c. The Jungle 21. The first place in the United States to extend equal voting rights to women was: a. Massachusetts d. the Oregon Territory b. New York e. the Wyoming Territory c. the New Mexico Territory 22. Elizabeth Cady Stanton is associated with: a. the National Woman Suffrage Association b. writing Man and Nature c. the anti-conservation movement d. San Francisco e. the Bureau of Reclamation 23. Theodore Roosevelt’s close friend Gifford Pinchot was: a. the president’s chief speechwriter b. a strict prohibitionist who pushed for the Seventeenth Amendment c. one of the most famous muckrakers d. the attorney general who broke up the Northern Securities Company e. a forestry expert and leading conservationist 24. In the area of conservation, Theodore Roosevelt: a. believed strongly that natural resources should be preserved, but felt that this was a matter for state, not federal, action b. angered many conservationists by his appointment of Gifford Pinchot, a businessman with no experience in conservation, as head of the Division of Forestry c. used the Forest Reserve Act to withdraw over 170 million acres of timberland from logging d. vetoed a bill authorizing a National Conservation Commission e. angered western hunters by closing much of the western public lands 25. As a result of the Brownsville Riot in 1906: a. Roosevelt supported the African American soldiers b. Roosevelt discharged the entire regiment of African American soldiers c. Congress impeached Roosevelt d. Congress protested Roosevelt’s actions e. The state of Texas discharged the entire African American regiment 26. William Howard Taft: a. was Roosevelt’s choice as his successor b. was described by many journalists as “the ultimate politician” c. found solid support from voters only in the South and Southwest d. was, in the Republican tradition, opposed to a lower tariff e. eventually was elected president as a member of the Progressive party

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27. During the 1908 presidential race: a. Theodore Roosevelt sought reelection b. the Democrats once again nominated William Jennings Bryan c. the Socialist vote practically disappeared d. prohibition became the major issue e. Taft lost to Cleveland 28. President Taft’s domestic policies generated a storm of controversy: a. overseas d. in the military b. within the Democratic party e. within his own party c. within the Progressive party 29. Contrary to his party’s tradition, President Taft called for: a. a moderately high tariff d. a high tariff only on luxury items b. no tariff e. a drastically higher inheritance tax c. a lower tariff 30. Of the following, who eventually became chief justice of the Supreme Court? a. William Jennings Bryan d. William Howard Taft b. Herbert Croly e. Gifford Pinchot c. Louis Brandeis 31. As president, Taft: a. was able to unite a faction-ridden Republican party with his towering personality b. opposed both the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments c. brought fewer than one third the number of anti-trust suits prosecuted under Roosevelt d. preserved more public lands in four years than Roosevelt had in nearly eight e. was the first divorcee to hold the office 32. The Seventeenth Amendment: a. authorized the popular election of U.S. senators b. gave women the right to vote c. called for direct primaries d. authorized the federal income tax e. made the production and distribution of alcohol illegal 33. During the presidential election of 1912, William Howard Taft: a. was the Republican candidate b. campaigned for his “Bull Moose” program c. named George W. Norris as his vice-presidential running mate d. defeated Woodrow Wilson e. lost to Grover Cleveland 34. Woodrow Wilson was: a. a professor and college president b. the leading Roman Catholic politician at the turn of the century c. the progressive governor of Oregon d. influenced mainly by Populist reformers e. the first Californian to win the White House 35. Which candidate was shot during the 1912 presidential campaign? a. Eugene V. Debs d. Woodrow Wilson b. Theodore Roosevelt e. Grover Cleveland c. William Howard Taft

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36. Of the four presidential candidates in 1912, the one most likely to advocate government ownership of big business was: a. William Jennings Bryan d. Theodore Roosevelt b. Woodrow Wilson e. Eugene V. Debs c. William Howard Taft 37. A major factor in Woodrow Wilson’s victory in the 1912 presidential campaign was the fact that: a. many Republicans supported his nomination b. wealthy Democrats poured millions of dollars into his campaign c. the United States was at war d. people liked Mrs. Wilson e. the Republican party had split in two 38. The issue that provoked an open break between Taft and Roosevelt was: a. Taft’s support for lower tariffs b. Taft’s reduction in the size of the navy c. Taft’s anti-trust suit against United States Steel Corporation d. Taft’s support for the federal income tax e. Taft’s firing of Pinchot 39. Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom platform: a. proposed vigorous anti-trust action to break up corporate concentration b. accepted gigantic corporations as a fact of modern economic life c. was the creation of a writer named Herbert Croly d. was the reason he won the 1912 election e. was vehemently opposed by Louis Brandeis 40. The Underwood-Simmons Tariff: a. raised the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson b. lowered the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson c. raised the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson d. lowered the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson e. kept tariffs the same as under Taft and Roosevelt 41. During his first term as president, Wilson did all of the following EXCEPT: a. refuse to support a federal amendment for women’s suffrage b. allow the spread of racist practices in the federal government c. withhold support for federal child-labor legislation d. fail to reorganize the banking system e. oppose a bill for low-interest loans to farmers 42. Upon becoming president, Wilson appointed as secretary of the navy: a. Louis Brandeis d. Josephus Daniels b. Champ Clark e. William Howard Taft c. Colonel Edward House 43. The Clayton Anti-Trust Act: a. was more lenient toward big business than was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act b. outlawed price discrimination and interlocking directorates c. was originally opposed by labor union leaders d. was considered by Theodore Roosevelt the crowning achievement of his administration e. made it possible for corporate officials to be held responsible for violations 44. The Federal Reserve Act did all of the following EXCEPT: a. make currency and bank credit more elastic b. create twelve Federal Reserve banks c. lessen the power of the huge New York banks

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d. e.

serve as the first major banking and currency reform in half a century shifted the U.S. Treasury back to the gold standard

45. The election of 1912 did all of the following EXCEPT: a. gain effective national power for Democrats for the first time in over half a century b. signal the return of southerners to national and international affairs for the first time since the Civil War c. alter the character of the Republican party, making it more conservative d. offer a high-water mark for progressivism e. bring the same man to the White House in nonconsecutive terms 46. Despite Josephus Daniels’s racist views, President Wilson still nominated Daniels for: a. secretary of state d. secretary of the interior b. secretary of the navy e. secretary of transportation c. secretary of war 47. Louis D. Brandeis: a. was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court b. led the conservative opposition to federal labor laws c. was Theodore Roosevelt’s vice-presidential running mate in 1912 d. was president of the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company e. ran the Federal Farm Loan Board 48. The Federal Highways Act: a. passed in 1889 b. was vetoed by pro-railroad politicians c. passed in 1916 d. illustrated the power of the Ford family e. authorized a mere $10 million in funds 49. The Adamson Act of 1916: a. restricted child labor b. provided low-interest loans to farmers c. provided federal funds to build highways d. established the eight-hour day for railroad workers e. made the consumption of alcohol legal for soldiers 50. During the Progressive Era: a. reformers were generally pessimistic about finding solutions to social ills b. voter turnout increased c. many groups—blacks, the poor, the unorganized—had little influence d. conservative politicians destroyed any semblance of a welfare state e. Roosevelt proved that the president ultimately has his hands tied Chapter 22: America And The Great War 1. Which of the following statements best describes the diplomatic stance of Woodrow Wilson and William Jennings Bryan? a. America must, above all else, protect American interests around the world. b. America must not interfere in the affairs of other nations. c. America has a religious duty to spread democracy and Christianity throughout the world. d. America should prove its might wherever and whenever possible. e. America must never put internationality above nationality. 2. During the early twentieth century, the nation’s century-long isolation from European conflicts: a. was extended dramatically b. ended

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c. d. e.

was declared unconstitutional was codified in the U.S. legal system was endorsed by the full U.S. Congress

3. For all of his accomplishments and abilities, Woodrow Wilson had: a. no executive experience b. no formal education c. extensive experience and expertise in international relations before he was elected president d. little experience in international relations before he was elected president e. very little influence on the domestic economy 4. Concerning global issues, Wilson: a. was clueless b. touted his extensive experience c. was the first president to take on this issue d. refused to show concern e. had strong beliefs and principles 5. One of the following pairs consists of two countries that were NOT members of the Triple Entente: a. Italy and France d. Russia and France b. France and Great Britain e. Italy and Austria-Hungary c. Great Britain and Russia 6. The event that triggered World War I in Europe was: a. Germany’s invasion of Belgium b. Russia’s decision to ally with France and Britain c. Germany’s determination to build a navy as large as Britain’s d. the fallout from the Bolshevik Revolution e. a Serb’s assassination of the Austrian archduke 7. Ethnic conflict in Central Europe led the Austro-Hungarian Empire’s determination to stop the expansionism of: a. Croatia d. Serbia b. Bulgaria e. Switzerland c. Germany 8. Between 1914 and 1918, World War I was directly responsible for the deaths of: a. over 20 million people, both military and civilian b. 3 million children c. 6 million women d. 4 million noncombatants e. over 15 million combatants 9. All of these innovations changed warfare during World War I EXCEPT: a. machine guns d. long-range artillery b. blockades e. flame throwers c. land mines 10. What gave World War I its lasting character? a. trench warfare b. ethnic and racial hatred c. fascism in Germany and Italy d. the use of airplanes e. the long stalemate that led to so few deaths 11. On November 9, 1918, the German republic was proclaimed after:

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STUDY GUIDE: VOL. TWO TEST THREE

a. b. c.

the Battle of Verdun Germany surrendered to U.S. forces Adolf Hitler took power

d. e.

the German Kaiser resigned a great victory at Belleau Wood

12. When news of the European war first reached the United States: a. President Wilson immediately called on Congress to build up America’s military strength b. most old-line Americans were sympathetic to the Central Powers c. Irish Americans leaned toward support for the Allies d. Wilson ensured that they would help provide supplies to the Allies e. Pershing was already on his way with 15,000 troops 13. President Wilson’s response to the sinking of the Lusitania: a. was to sever diplomatic ties with Germany b. included a speech in which he said that if Germany was responsible for the killing of any more Americans, then a state of war would exist between the United States and Germany c. was conciliatory d. was a series of notes demanding that Germany stop such actions and pay reparations e. was to ask Congress immediately to declare war 14. Which of the following is true of the Lusitania? a. It was sunk by a submarine right outside New York Harbor. b. It was one of the largest battleships in the British navy. c. It secretly carried weapons and ammunition in its cargo. d. Its sinking led Wilson to support a war against Germany. e. It was the only passenger ship the Germans attacked during the war. 15. Who said, after the sinking of the Lusitania, “There is such a thing as a man being too proud to fight”? a. Charles Evans Hughes d. John Pershing b. Theodore Roosevelt e. Alvin York c. Woodrow Wilson 16. President Wilson’s secretary of state resigned in 1915: a. in protest of Wilson’s pro-Britain stance b. because he discovered that the Lusitania had carried a cargo of arms and ammunition c. because he disapproved of Wilson’s conciliatory stance toward Germany d. because Wilson refused to sign the Arabic Pledge e. because he had plans to run for president in 1916 17. The Revenue Act of 1916: a. was primarily to raise money to pay for war preparations b. hit farmers and low-income Americans the hardest c. was vetoed by President Wilson d. was designed to make Republicans support the war e. amounted to the progressives’ biggest failure in the Wilson period 18. During the presidential election of 1916, the Republicans: a. nominated Theodore Roosevelt b. lost by a small margin c. nominated Woodrow Wilson d. won by a large margin e. blew their chances when they did not allow the progressives to support Hughes 19. The Zimmermann telegram: a. urged the Mexican government to invade the United States b. announced Germany’s decision to wage unrestricted submarine warfare c. announced the addition of three countries to the Central Powers d. caused the United States to break diplomatic relations with Germany

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e.

tipped off J. Edgar Hoover that Germans had infiltrated the FBI

20. The congressional resolution for war: a. came quickly in response to the sinking of the Lusitania b. passed overwhelmingly c. was divided strictly along pa...