Water Cycle SE 1 PDF

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Name: _______Anna Hilliard_______________________________ ________________________

Date:

Student Exploration: Water Cycle Vocabulary: aquifer, condensation, evaporation, freezing, glacier, melting, phase change, precipitation, reservoir, runoff, transpiration, water cycle

Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.) The water that comes out of your faucet at home used to be in the ocean. How did water get from the ocean to your water faucet? The water goes through a pipe after it has been purified.

Gizmo Warm-up Water on Earth is always in motion. These motions form a repeating circuit called the water cycle. The Water Cycle Gizmo allows you to explore the different paths water takes as it moves from Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back. 1. Click Oceans. What percentage of Earth’s water is found in the oceans? _____97.25%__________________

2. Click Atmosphere. How does the Sun cause water to move from the oceans to the atmosphere? _liquid water is heated by the sun and so it evaporates into the atmosphere. _____________________________________________________________

3. Click Clouds. How do clouds form? ___water vapor condenses into tiny droplets to form clouds. _________________________________________

4. Click Precip (rain). (“Precip” is short for precipitation, or water falling to Earth’s surface.) What causes it to rain? ________When water droplets in clouds grow large enough. ______________________________________________

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5. Click Oceans again, and then choose the PATH tab. Because it has the same beginning and end, the path is a complete cycle. How many steps does this cycle have? ___________

Activity:

Get the Gizmo ready:

The water cycle

 Select the SIMULATION tab, and click Reset.

Question: What are the parts of the water cycle? 1. Collect data: Create two water cycles using the Gizmo. Each cycle should have at least four steps and should begin and end at the same location. Choose any starting point from the list on the right. When the cycle is complete, choose the PATH tab and write the steps below. Cycle 1: __Oceans, Atmosphere, clouds, Precipitation(snow), ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Cycle 2: __Lakes, soil, vegetation, person, wastewater ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

2. Analyze: Use the information presented in the Gizmo to answer the following questions. A. What percentage of Earth’s water can be found in soil? __0.005%_____________________ B. What percentage of Earth’s water is stored in ice and snow? ___1.9%_______________ C. What percentage of Earth’s fresh water is stored in ice and snow? __68.7%____________________________ D. What percentage of Earth’s water is found in lakes? ____0.009%_____________________ E. What is transpiration? (Hint: Click the Vegetation button.) ____________________ _When plants use their roots to absorb water from soil, and release water vapor from their leaves. What human activity uses the most water worldwide? ________Agriculture________________ F. What human activity uses the most water in the United States? ____Agriculture _____________

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G. What organisms break down chemical wastes in a treatment plant? _____Bacteria________ H. What is an aquifer? ____An underground layer of porous rock and/or sand _that contains water. ______________________________________________ I.

What is a reservoir? __Water stored in a household, industrial, and agricultural use. ________________________________________________

J. In what ways can runoff be a problem? __They can cause serious flooding and erosion. _________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

(Activity continued on next page)

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Activity (continued from previous page) 3. Define: A phase change is a change from one state to another, such as from a liquid to a gas. Based on what you have read in the Gizmo, fill in the blanks with the words “liquid,” “gas,” or “solid” to define each change. Evaporation:

Change from a __liquid_____ to a ____gas___________.

Condensation:

Change from a _gas_____ to a ____liquid___________.

Melting:

Change from a __solid_____ to a ____liquid___________.

Freezing:

Change from a _liquid_______ to a solid__________.

4. Practice: Fill in the process that causes each transition. Your choices are evaporation, condensation, precipitation, melting, and freezing. A. Ocean à Atmosphere ___Evaporation____________________ B. Atmosphere à Clouds _Condensation______________________ C. Cloud à Snow ___freezing____________________ D. Glacier (river of ice) à River __melting_____________________ E. Cloud à Soil __precipitation_____________________

5. Practice: Fill in the two processes that cause each of the following transitions. A. Ocean à Cloud __Evaporation _, __Condensation_____________________ B. Cloud à Glacier ___freezing _______, ______precipitation_________________

6. Think and discuss: Water covers over two-thirds of Earth’s surface. Yet water shortages are a major problem for many people around the world. Why do you think this is the case? ___I think this is the case because most of the water on earth is in the ocean and we can’t just take all the water from large bodies of water because then the earths processes would not work without the large oceans, rivers, and lakes. ______________________________________________________________________

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