Week 2 learning Journal with crossword PDF

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U2 Learning Journal - Crossword

Carbohydrate – A carbohydrate is a molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms having an empirical formula Cm (H2O) n. It is found in both processed and natural food. Starch can as well be called a polysaccharide. Plenty of starch is abundant in cereals such as oats, yams and potatoes and processed food such as baking flour and pasta. Sugar can be inform of table sugar (sucrose) which is extracted from sugarcane, lactose from milk and fructose and glucose can be obtained from some vegetable, honey and fruits

Lipids – Is a macromolecule that is insoluble (hydrophobic) in water but in nonpolar solvents such ether, ethylene and methane. Lipids are structural components of cells as well as storing energy. Lipids are classified as small molecules that are hydrophobic or amphiphilic. Lipid is commonly used to synonymize fats, but fats are a type of lipids known as triglycerides. One of "Lipids" example is cholesterol: it is a structural part of animal cell membrane and biosynthesized by all animal cells.

Protein – is a macromolecule comprised of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins exist for only a short period and then are degrade and recycled by the cell's machinery by a process known as protein turnover. The lifetime of a protein is measured by half-life, including radioactive atoms, as the time a protein takes to decrease its original value to half. Protein can be available for average minutes or years lifespan of 1–2 days cells of mammals. Most proteins are enzymes that act as a catalyst to biochemical reactions which are important in metabolism. At least one long polypeptide contains a protein. Short polypeptides, having less than 20–30 residues, are rarely known as protein and often referred to as peptides and oligopeptides. Specific residues of amino acids are bonds between peptide bonds and neighboring residues of amino acid.

U2 Learning Journal - Crossword

Nucleic Acid - DNA or RNA can be referred to as nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides which are monomers are made composed of components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.

The polymer is RNA because sugar is a compound ribose (ribonucleic acid). The polymer is DNA as sugar arrives from ribose as deoxyribose (deoxyribonucleic acid). These little molecules are used to transmit all living organisms, and express them in and out of the cell core—to the cell's inner operations and eventually to each live organism's next generation.

Ribose which is a sugar, the polymer is RNA (ribonucleic acid). If the sugar is derived from ribose as deoxyribose, the polymer is DNA All living organisms are made from these little molecules: they function to transmit and express that information inside and outside the cell nucleus —to the interior operations of the cell and finally to the next generation of each living organism. The encoded information is contained and conveyed via the nucleic acid sequence, which provides the 'ladder-step' ordering of nucleotides within the molecules of RNA and DNA. Strings of nucleotides are bonded to form helical backbones—typically, one for RNA, two for DNA—and assembled into chains of base-pairs selected from the five primary nucleobases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil. Thymine occurs only in DNA and uracil only in RNA. In the nucleic acid chain, the etched information is used and distributed, providing the 'step-step' order of nuclear products within the RNA and DNA molecules. Nucleotide strings are bound into helical backbones – usually one for RNA, two for DNA –and fused in base-pair strings chosen from the five major nuclear bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine and uracil. Thymine only exists in DNA and in RNA in uracil.

References.

U2 Learning Journal - Crossword

Clark, M.A., Choi, J. & Douglas, M. (2020, Jan 18). Biology 2e. Open Stax. https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/preface

1E N Z Y 2M E O N O 3S M 4C

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E E E L Y C E R OL 8C C A R O X Y L O L C N 9F R U C T O S E 10C O N L 11 F A T S 12A M I N O A C I 13D R I R S E B D Y E 14 O O I X H C Y D 17S A T U R A T E R I A B T 18 O E S S E 19P E P T 20

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